Shenyang JJ-1
| JJ-1 | |
|---|---|
| |
| A JJ-1 in the Chinese Aviation Museum at Datangshan, north of Beijing | |
| Role | Jet trainer |
| National origin | People's Republic of China (PRC) |
| Manufacturer | Shenyang Aircraft Corporation |
| First flight | 26 July 1958[1] |
| Number built | 3 (two flying, one static) |
The Shenyang JJ-1, also known as the Hong Zhuan-503 or Red Special, was a jet trainer developed in the People's Republic of China (PRC) during the 1950s. It was the first jet aircraft designed in China, with Xu Shunshou as the chief designer.[2] Two prototypes flew, but further development was abandoned.[3]
Design and development[edit]
Due to differences in ideology the Soviet Union severed relations with the PRC in the late 1950s, robbing the PRC of access to modern Soviet technology, particularly aircraft and aviation-related items. To ensure that the People's Liberation Army Air Force could re-equip and train to fly jet fighters Shenyang Aircraft Corporation were approached by the PLAAF to design and build a prototype jet trainer.[1][3]
Xu Shunshou served as the director designer, and Huang Zhiqian and Ye Zhengda were deputy designers.[4] Xu led a team of 108 people,[5] whose average age was only 22. Most team members were recent university graduates, and only three people: Xu, Huang, and Lu Xiaopeng, had any aircraft design experience.[5][4]
To fill the PLAAF requirement, the designers at Shenyang produced the JJ-1, a straight-winged aircraft, with a retractable tricycle undercarriage, tandem cockpits with a side hinged canopy over the front cockpit and rearward sliding canopy over the rear cockpit (very similar to the Shenyang JJ-5) and intakes either side of the front cockpit.[1][3]
Power was supplied by a Shenyang Aircraft Development Office PF-1A, (Chinese copy of the Klimov RD-500 itself a copy of the Rolls-Royce Derwent), centrifugal compressor turbojet fitted in the centre fuselage, exhausting through a jet pipe extending to the tail of the fuselage. Armament was to have been a single 23 mm (0.91 in) calibre automatic cannon.[1][3]
Production was not carried out as it was found that pilots could transition to basic jet fighters from propeller driven fighters with few problems.[1][3] Nevertheless, as the first jet aircraft designed in China, the JJ-1 marked a new era of China's aircraft manufacturing industry.[6]
Operational history[edit]
Testing was carried out on the two prototypes and static test airframe before development was cancelled.[3]
Specifications (JJ-1)[edit]
Data from International Resin Modellers,[3] Chinese Aircraft: China's aviation industry since 1951[1]
General characteristics
- Crew: 2
- Length: 10.56 m (34 ft 8 in)
- Wingspan: 11.43 m (37 ft 6 in)
- Height: 3.94 m (12 ft 11 in)
- Max takeoff weight: 4,602 kg (10,146 lb)
- Powerplant: 1 × SADO PF-1A centrifugal compressor turbojet
Performance
- Maximum speed: 840 km/h (520 mph, 450 kn) at 8,000 m (26,000 ft)
- Range: 1,328 km (825 mi, 717 nmi)
Armament
1x 23 mm (0.91 in) automatic cannon
See also[edit]
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
References[edit]
Citations[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f Gordon, Yefim; Dmitry Komissarov (2008). Chinese Aircraft:China's aviation industry since 1951. Manchester: Hikoki Publications. pp. 178–179. ISBN 978-1-902109-04-6.
- ^ "100年前的今日诞生了新中国航空工业首代宗师". China Aviation News. 2017-08-21. Retrieved 2019-02-16.
- ^ a b c d e f g "The 红专-503 Hong Zhuan "Red Special" or 歼教-1 Jian Jiao "Fighter Trainer" also known as the Shenyang JJ-1 红专-503 歼教-1 (战斗机 教练员 航空器-1)". www.internationalresinmodellers.com. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
- ^ a b "Jian Jiao JJ-1 [Fighter Trainer]". Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2019-02-15.
- ^ a b "一代宗师徐舜寿逝世50周年 系中国首架喷气飞机总师". Sina. 2018-01-08. Retrieved 2019-02-14.
- ^ "十大飞机设计师：中国航空设计一代宗师徐舜寿". Phoenix News. 2011-04-01. Retrieved 2019-02-14.
Bibliography[edit]
- 沈阳飞机制造厂 (Professor Bushi Cheng) (2009). 飞翔的思绪 - 出版了我的文集 [Flying Thoughts - About Chinese Aviation and Other Sciences] (in Chinese). 机械出版社 (China Machine Press).
- Bueschel, Richard M. (1968). Communist Chinese air power. New York: Praeger. ISBN 978-0275671808.
- Gunston, Bill; Parsons, Iain; Steer, Chris; Little, Malcolm (1976). The encyclopedia of the world's combat aircraft (Third impr. ed.). New York: Chartwell Books. ISBN 978-0890090541.
- Green, William; Swanborough, Gordon (1976). Flying Colors: Military Aircraft Markings and Camouflage Schemes from World War I to Present Day - Aircraft Specials series (6031). Squadron/Signal Publications. ISBN 9780897471213.
- 傅鏡 (Jing-Ping), 平 (Fu) (2002). 军用飞机型号与命名 [Military Aircraft Models and Their Naming] (in Chinese). Beijing: 幼狮 (Young Lions).
External links[edit]
