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Solar eclipse of September 12, 2034

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Solar eclipse of September 12, 2034
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureAnnular
Gamma−0.3936
Magnitude0.9736
Maximum eclipse
Duration178 s (2 min 58 s)
Coordinates18°12′S 72°36′W / 18.2°S 72.6°W / -18.2; -72.6
Max. width of band102 km (63 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse16:19:28
References
Saros135 (40 of 71)
Catalog # (SE5000)9584

An annular solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Tuesday, September 12, 2034,[1] with a magnitude of 0.9736. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 5.7 days before apogee (on September 18, 2034, at 8:05 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be smaller.[2]

The eclipse will commence over the southern Pacific Ocean and then enter South America. Countries under the path include northern Chile, southern Bolivia, northern Argentina, southern Paraguay, and southern Brazil. The eclipse will then enter the Atlantic Ocean, and terminate approximately 2,000 miles (3,200 km) southeast of South America.[3] A partial eclipse will be visible for parts of Central America, the Caribbean, South America, and Antarctica.

Images

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Animated path

Eclipse details

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Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]

September 12, 2034 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 2034 September 12 at 13:27:53.6 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 2034 September 12 at 14:33:23.3 UTC
First Central Line 2034 September 12 at 14:34:48.1 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact 2034 September 12 at 14:36:13.0 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact 2034 September 12 at 15:56:56.6 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 2034 September 12 at 16:14:59.5 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 2034 September 12 at 16:19:27.5 UTC
Greatest Duration 2034 September 12 at 16:30:44.1 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 2034 September 12 at 16:33:31.2 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact 2034 September 12 at 16:41:33.8 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 2034 September 12 at 18:02:29.4 UTC
Last Central Line 2034 September 12 at 18:03:57.4 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact 2034 September 12 at 18:05:25.2 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 2034 September 12 at 19:11:01.2 UTC
September 12, 2034 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 0.97364
Eclipse Obscuration 0.94798
Gamma −0.39356
Sun Right Ascension 11h23m10.9s
Sun Declination +03°57'57.5"
Sun Semi-Diameter 15'53.5"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.7"
Moon Right Ascension 11h22m44.5s
Moon Declination +03°36'59.6"
Moon Semi-Diameter 15'15.1"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°55'58.6"
ΔT 76.0 s

Eclipse season

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This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of September 2034
September 12
Ascending node (new moon)
September 28
Descending node (full moon)
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 135
Partial lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 147
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Eclipses in 2034

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Solar Saros 135

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Inex

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Triad

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Solar eclipses of 2033–2036

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[5]

The partial solar eclipse on July 23, 2036 occurs in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 2033 to 2036
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
120 March 30, 2033

Total
0.9778 125 September 23, 2033

Partial
−1.1583
130 March 20, 2034

Total
0.2894 135 September 12, 2034

Annular
−0.3936
140 March 9, 2035

Annular
−0.4368 145 September 2, 2035

Total
0.3727
150 February 27, 2036

Partial
−1.1942 155 August 21, 2036

Partial
1.0825

Saros 135

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 135, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on July 5, 1331. It contains annular eclipses from October 21, 1511 through February 24, 2305; hybrid eclipses on March 8, 2323 and March 18, 2341; and total eclipses from March 29, 2359 through May 22, 2449. The series ends at member 71 as a partial eclipse on August 17, 2593. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 16 at 10 minutes, 41 seconds on December 24, 1601, and the longest duration of totality will be produced by member 62 at 2 minutes, 27 seconds on May 12, 2431. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[6]

Series members 28–49 occur between 1801 and 2200:
28 29 30

May 5, 1818

May 15, 1836

May 26, 1854
31 32 33

June 6, 1872

June 17, 1890

June 28, 1908
34 35 36

July 9, 1926

July 20, 1944

July 31, 1962
37 38 39

August 10, 1980

August 22, 1998

September 1, 2016
40 42 42

September 12, 2034

September 22, 2052

October 4, 2070
43 44 45

October 14, 2088

October 26, 2106

November 6, 2124
46 47 48

November 17, 2142

November 27, 2160

December 9, 2178
49

December 19, 2196

Metonic series

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The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

21 eclipse events between July 1, 2000 and July 1, 2076
July 1–2 April 19–20 February 5–7 November 24–25 September 12–13
117 119 121 123 125

July 1, 2000

April 19, 2004

February 7, 2008

November 25, 2011

September 13, 2015
127 129 131 133 135

July 2, 2019

April 20, 2023

February 6, 2027

November 25, 2030

September 12, 2034
137 139 141 143 145

July 2, 2038

April 20, 2042

February 5, 2046

November 25, 2049

September 12, 2053
147 149 151 153 155

July 1, 2057

April 20, 2061

February 5, 2065

November 24, 2068

September 12, 2072
157

July 1, 2076

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

June 26, 1805
(Saros 114)

May 27, 1816
(Saros 115)

April 26, 1827
(Saros 116)

March 25, 1838
(Saros 117)

February 23, 1849
(Saros 118)

January 23, 1860
(Saros 119)

December 22, 1870
(Saros 120)

November 21, 1881
(Saros 121)

October 20, 1892
(Saros 122)

September 21, 1903
(Saros 123)

August 21, 1914
(Saros 124)

July 20, 1925
(Saros 125)

June 19, 1936
(Saros 126)

May 20, 1947
(Saros 127)

April 19, 1958
(Saros 128)

March 18, 1969
(Saros 129)

February 16, 1980
(Saros 130)

January 15, 1991
(Saros 131)

December 14, 2001
(Saros 132)

November 13, 2012
(Saros 133)

October 14, 2023
(Saros 134)

September 12, 2034
(Saros 135)

August 12, 2045
(Saros 136)

July 12, 2056
(Saros 137)

June 11, 2067
(Saros 138)

May 11, 2078
(Saros 139)

April 10, 2089
(Saros 140)

March 10, 2100
(Saros 141)

February 8, 2111
(Saros 142)

January 8, 2122
(Saros 143)

December 7, 2132
(Saros 144)

November 7, 2143
(Saros 145)

October 7, 2154
(Saros 146)

September 5, 2165
(Saros 147)

August 4, 2176
(Saros 148)

July 6, 2187
(Saros 149)

June 4, 2198
(Saros 150)

Inex series

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This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

February 21, 1803
(Saros 127)

February 1, 1832
(Saros 128)

January 11, 1861
(Saros 129)

December 22, 1889
(Saros 130)

December 3, 1918
(Saros 131)

November 12, 1947
(Saros 132)

October 23, 1976
(Saros 133)

October 3, 2005
(Saros 134)

September 12, 2034
(Saros 135)

August 24, 2063
(Saros 136)

August 3, 2092
(Saros 137)

July 14, 2121
(Saros 138)

June 25, 2150
(Saros 139)

June 5, 2179
(Saros 140)

References

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  1. ^ "September 12, 2034 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  3. ^ "Path of Annular Solar Eclipse of 2034 Sep 12". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Eclipse Website. NASA. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
  4. ^ "Annular Solar Eclipse of 2034 Sep 12". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  5. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  6. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 135". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
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