Talk:Religious Confucianism/Archive 1

Archive 1

I will post all the uncited sections

They may be valuable but are not worth translating and including in the article due to their uncited nature Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 09:15, 12 July 2022 (UTC)

Pantheism

The supreme god believed in by Confucianism is Heaven. The gods of heaven are called rituals, the earth gods are called sacrifices, and the clan temples are called hengs. Heaven, earth, kings, relatives, and teachers. It means respecting heaven and ancestors, filial piety and obedience, loyalty and patriotism, and respecting teachers and education. }}

法施于民，则祀之；以死勤事，则祀之；以劳定国，则祀之；能御大菑zai1，则祀之；能捍大患，则祀之。

— 《礼记 祭法》

Heavenly Realms

The King of Wen was on top, in the sky. ...... King Wen ascended and descended, and was on the right and left of the emperor.

— The Book of Songs, Daya, King Wen

黄泉

（郑庄公）不及黄泉，无相见也。

— 《左传·隐公元年》

一般認為圣贤君子有明德，成為光明的靈魂（神），死而升天；小人言行思虑多物欲，與身體一同下降進入地下，死而下黄泉。

君子曰終，小人曰死。

— 《禮記·檀弓》

未能事人，焉能事鬼？

— 《論語·先進》

務民之義，敬鬼神而遠之。

— 《論語·雍也》

生，事之以禮；死，葬之以禮，祭之以禮。

— 《論語·為政》

但儒教並沒有像其他宗教一樣，建構一個具體的死後靈魂世界，在生死觀上表示生死一體，都應該實現生命中的種種價值。

朝聞道，夕死可矣。

— 《論語·里仁》

--> Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 09:15, 12 July 2022 (UTC)

Religious Confucian Calendar

The Religious Confucianism calendar comes from the Rites of the Moon. The winter solstice is dedicated to Hao Tian God, the summer solstice is dedicated to the royal earth spirit, the spring prayer is dedicated to Hao Tian God, the winter is dedicated to Shenzhou, the summer sacrifice is dedicated to Hao Tian God, and the autumn festival is dedicated to Hao Tian God. New Year's Eve to send cold air and have a big Nuo ritual. Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 09:29, 12 July 2022 (UTC)

Deified people

Seven Temples

Religious Confucianism传统的祖先信仰和君主崇拜相互影响，除了人人都供奉祖先外，天子拥有“封神”的权利，太庙内也不仅供奉七庙先帝还配享已故的功臣名将，历代帝王庙也供奉了188位中国历朝帝王和79位历代贤相名将。民间祠堂除了祭祀先祖和灶神也为历代圣贤建庙立祠。

先医

Three Emperors: Fuxi, Shennong, Huangdi

Matching heng': Jumang, Feng Hou, Zhurong, Li Mu

Eastern District: Taxidermy, Qibo, Bo Gao, Shao Shi, Legong, Yi Yin, Chun Yu Yi, Hua Tu, Huang Fu Qu, Chao Yuan Fang, Wei Ci Zang, Qian Yi, Liu Wansu, Li Gao

Western Panic Area: Ghostly Yu, Yu Tarsus, Shaoyu, Tongjun, Ma Shihuang, Bianji, Zhang Ji, Wang Shuhe, Ge Hong, Sun Simiao, Wang Bing, Zhu Hui, Zhang Yuan Yuan, Zhu Yanxiu

Song Dynasty King Wenxuan accompanying sacrifices

Allotted heights: Fu Sheng Yan Zi, Zongsheng Zeng Zi, Shu Sheng Zi Si Zi, Yashan Mencius

The Ten Philosophers: Duke Fei Min Loss, Duke Xue Ran Yong, Duke Li Duanmu Zhi, Duke Wei Zhong You, Duke Wei Bu Shang, Duke Yang Ran Keng, Duke Qi Zai Yu, Duke Xu Ran Qiu, Duke Wu Yan Yan, Duke Chen Zu Sun Shi

Eastern District: Marquis of Jinxiang Tantai Jieming, Marquis of Rencheng Yuan Xian, Marquis of Ruyang Nangong Shi, Marquis of Laiwu Zeng Dian, Marquis of Suchang Shang Qu, Pengcheng Bo Liu Xiang, Zhongcarry on Bo Zheng Zhu, Quang Si Bo Du Zichun, Liangxiang Bo Lu Zhi, Zhuyang Bo Sui Qi, Sikong Wang Su, Situ Du Pre, Changli Bo Han Yu, Henan Bo Cheng Hao, Xin'an Bo Sian Guo. Xin'an Bo Shao Yong, Wen Guo Gong Shi Ma Guang, Hua Yang Bo Zhang Shi

桃園文昌宮十二哲神位。

桃園文昌宮東廡先賢先儒神位。

桃園文昌宮西廡先賢先儒神位。

Lian Jie, Marquis of Cheng, Shu Zhong Hui, Marquis of Bo Ping, Lux Xun, Marquis of Gao Tang, Gong Xi Mio Ru, Marquis of Linqu, Qu Yuan, Marquis of Neihuang, Lin Fang, Marquis of Changshan, Chen Kao, Marquis of Nanton, Qin Zhang, Marquis of Yang Ping, Bu Shu Xie, Marquis of Bo Chang, Bo Du Bo Zuo Qiuming, Gong Yang Gao, Bo Bo Bo, Linzi, Fu Sheng, Bo Bo Bo, Kaocheng Dai Sheng, Qufu Bo Kong Anguo, Chengdu Bo Yang Xiong, Qiyang Bo Jia Kui, Fufeng Bo Ma Rong, Gaomi Bo Zheng Xuan, Rencheng Bo He Xiu, Yan Shi Bo Wang Bi, Xinye Bo Fan Ning, Runan Bo Zhou Dunyi, Yiyang Bo Cheng Yi, Mui Bo Zhang Zai, Huiguo Gong Zhu Xi, Kaifeng Bo Lu Zuqian

Song Dynasty Wu Cheng Wang accompanying sacrifice

Allotment of enjoyment: Zhang Liang

Ten Philosophers：Guan Zhong、Sun Tzu、Yue Yi、Zhuge Liang、Li Shiji、Sima Rangju、Fan Li、Han Xin、Li Jing、Guo Ziyi

Dong Feng：Bai Qi、Sun Bin、Lian Po、Li Mu、Cao Shen、Zhou Bo、Li Guang、Huo Qubing、Deng Yu、Feng Yi、Wu Han (Han dynasty)、Ma Yuan、Huangfu Song、Deng Ai、Zhang Fei、Lü Meng、Lu Kang、Du Yu、Tao Kan、Murong Ke、Yuwen Xian、Wei Xiaokuan、Yang Su、He Ruopi、Li Xiaogong、Su Dingfang、Wang Xiaojie、Wang Jun、Li Guangbi

West China：Wu Qi、Tian Dan、Zhao She、Wang Jian、Peng Yue、Zhou Yafu、Wei Qing、Chongguo Zhao、Hsun Kou、Jia Fu、Geng Yan、Duan Wen、Zhang Liao、Guan Yu、Zhou Yu、Lu Xun、Yang Hu、Wang Jun、Xie Xuan、Wang Meng、Wang Zhenxiang、Hulü Guang、Wang Sengbian、Yu Gong、Wu Mingche、Han Zhuihu、Banzai Shi、Yuchi Gong、Pei Xingjian、Zhang Renyuan、Guo Yuanzhen、Li Sheng Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 11:44, 12 July 2022 (UTC)

Priesthood System

Clergy

Religious Confucianism is a national religion and a state religion. Traditionally, state organizations, family organizations, educational institutions, and clan organizations are clerical organizations, and the clergy's work consists mainly of rituals and Lectures.

The Tai Chang is in charge of the sacrifice ritual and the temples and mausoleums of the country, and the [[Ministry of Ceremonies (China)|Tai Chang is in charge of the Sacrifice ritual and the Tai Chang, the Tai Chang, and the Tai Zai.

The Guosijian is officiated by sacrificial wine, the Academies of Classical Learning, the Private school in Edo-period Japan or China is officiated by Mountain Headmaster and the Private school in Edo-period Japan or China.

Clans and families are presided over by the parents and patriarchs of the clan shrines.

The special shrines established by the state for specific persons are officiated by officials of the Taishōji Temple for those located in the capital city, and by local officials in other provinces.

The Risei in the ritual ceremony also acts as the auxiliary of the ritual.

Places of Worship

Qing Dynasty imperial sacrifices in Nine temples and eight temples (except tangse for shamanism sacrifice), the noble class have Zongmiao, folk families in Ancestral Shrines, tanggong sacrifice. Public places of worship include temples of a hundred gods, such as martial temples, temples of literature, schools, city gods, land temples, sea gods, ancestral temples, and mountain gods, as well as special shrines for meritorious and virtuous people including Heroic Martyrs Shrine for loyal and virtuous people.

Deity beliefs

The gods are divided into heavenly, earthly, and human gods.

The waxing of the wax on the waxing day is dedicated to the hundred gods, the summer solstice is dedicated to the royal earth deity, the menstrual winter is dedicated to the earth deity of the gods, the four menstrual and seasonal winters are dedicated to the heung Tai Miao and the rear temple, the spring and autumn second middle and waxing days are dedicated to Tai She and Tai Jik, and the second middle nine palaces of noble gods.

The nine minor sacrifices are: the sacrifice of Ma Zu in the middle of spring, the enjoyment of Xian Mu in the middle of summer, the sacrifice of Ma She in the middle of autumn, the sacrifice of Ma Bu in the middle of winter, the sacrifice of Zhong Yu on the day of the earth king in the summer, the sacrifice of Ling Xing on the day of the eighth day after the establishment of autumn, the sharing of Shou Xing in the autumn, the shrine of Sizhong, Sizhi, Siren, ' Siliu, Meng Dong Festival Sichan

Nature Deities

Tian or Hao Tian God or Huang Tian God or Great Heavenly Sovereign, Houtu, She (deity), Hou Ji (title).

Sizhong, Sizhi, Siren, Siren, Sichan, Wind Master, Rain Master, Thunder Master, Cloud Master, Tishe, First Silkworm, Commander, Tai Li, Spiritual Star, Mountain Forest, Chuanze, Mazu, First Shepherd, Ma She, Ma Bu

Seven Sacrifices.

The seven sacrifices of the king: Siming, Zhongyu, Guomen, Guoxing, Tai Li, Hu and urn.

Five sacrifices for the vassals: the order of the gods, the dripping of the eaves, the state gate, the state line, and the public majesty.

The three sacrifices of the great ruler: the family, the door, and the line.

The two sacrifices of the nobleman: door, line.

The commoner, commoner a sacrifice: household or urn.

God of the Five Directions.

Central Yellow Emperor contains the pivot (with the emperor Xuan Yuan's, from the sacrifice of Houtu, Zhenxing, the Central Sutra, the Sun, the North Star, the Big Dipper)

Eastern Qingdi Lingweiyan (with Emperor Fuxi, subordinate to Goumang, Shih Xing, the eastern constellation, the thunder god, the wind god)

Southern Red Emperor Red Flaring (with Emperor Shen Nong's, subordinate to Zhu Rong, Ying Xing Xing, and the South Host)

Western White Emperor Bai Zhaogui (with Emperor Shaohao's, subordinate to Matsui, Tai Bai, and the Western Sui)

The Northern Black Emperor Juguangji (with the emperor Zhuanxu, from the rituals of Xuanming, Cinnabar, the North Sutra, the Moon, and the Rainmaker)

The Nine Noble Gods of the Palace.

Northwest is Green Dragon, north is Taiyi, northeast is Taiyin', and

The west is Xianchi, the center is Tianfu, the east is Xuan Yuan, and the southwest is Xuanchi.

Southwest said Tui Ti, south said day one, southeast said shaking.

嶽鎮海瀆:

朝代	唐	宋	元	明	清
东岳泰山	天齐王	仁圣天齐王→天齐仁圣帝（皇淑明）	天齐大生仁圣帝	東嶽泰山之神
南岳衡山	司天王	司天昭圣帝（皇景明）	司天大化昭圣帝	南嶽衡山之神
西岳華山	金天王	顺圣金天王→金天顺圣帝（皇肃明）	金天大利顺圣帝	西嶽華山之神
北岳恒山	安天王	安天元圣帝（皇靖明）	安王大贞玄圣帝	北嶽恒山之神
中岳嵩山	中天王	崇圣中天王→中天崇圣帝（皇正明）	中天大宁崇圣帝	中嶽嵩山之神
東鎮沂山	東安公	東安王	元德东安王	東鎮沂山之神
南鎮會稽山	永興公	永濟王	昭德顺应王	南鎮會稽山之神
西鎮吳山	成德公	成德王	成德永靖王	西鎮吳山之神
北鎮醫無閭山	廣寧公	廣寧王	贞德广寍王	北鎮醫無閭山之神	灵应
中鎮霍山	應聖公	應靈王	崇德应灵王	中鎮霍山之神
东海	广德王	淵聖廣德王→助順廣德王	广德灵会王	東海之神	顯仁
西海	广顺王	通聖廣潤王	广顺灵通王	西海之神	正恆
南海	广利王	洪聖廣利王	广利灵孚王	南海之神	昭明
北海	广泽王	沖聖廣澤王	广泽灵佑王	北海之神	崇禮
東瀆淮河	长源公	长源王	长源博济王	東瀆大淮之神	通佑
南瀆长江	广源公	广源王	广源顺济王	南瀆大江之神	涵和
西瀆黄河	灵源公	显圣灵源公→显圣灵源王	灵源弘济王	西瀆大河之神	润毓
北瀆濟水	清源公	清源王	清源菩济王	北瀆大濟之神	永惠

Five Dragons.

Green Dragon God King Guangren, Red Dragon God King Jiaze, Yellow Dragon God King Fu Ying, White Dragon God King Yiji, Black Dragon God King Lingze (sealed by Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty) Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 14:55, 12 July 2022 (UTC)

Symbols of Religious Confucianism

Religious Confucianism has no official symbols, but the following are the more common symbols.

• Confucius statue: The most common symbol. In ancient times, Confucius statues were found in schools, and in modern educational institutions, Confucius statues are often found.

• In ancient times, the wooden priests were used to announce the decrees of government and education, and were used to draw the attention of the people and gather them together.

• Bells：Representing liturgical education.

• Chinese characters: In addition to the direct use of the word "Confucianism", Western cultures have used Chinese characters such as "水" and "囍" as symbols of Religious Confucianism. The origin of "水" may be the myth of Confucius observing water or Confucius being the "Water Essence of the Black Emperor". "They also believe that water is the source of life and the first of the five elements in Chinese philosophy.

• Qilin: Ancient legendary beast, symbol of kingship, benevolence, saints, and auspiciousness, said to have appeared before the birth and death of Confucius.

• Others: Zhouzi's taiji diagram, Bagua, etc.

Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 16:08, 12 July 2022 (UTC)

Religious Confucian Liturgy

Religious Confucianism rituals include the auspicious rituals, the foul rituals, the binitarian rituals, the military rituals, and the honorable rituals. "To serve the ghosts and gods of the state with the auspicious rites, to mourn the sorrows of the state with the foul rites, to be close to the state with the object rites, to be with the state with the military rites, and to be close to the people with the good rites.The auspicious ceremony is the crown of the five rites, mainly to the gods of heaven, earth, people and ghosts of the sacrificial ceremony, to is "the emperor of heaven, God, the community, the temple, mountains, forests, famous river sacrifice.The The Book of Rites-The Ritual System says, "There are five scriptures of ritual, and nothing is more important than sacrifice." According to the Zhou Rites - Spring Officials - The Great Patriarch, the rituals include the rituals of food and drink, the rituals of marriage and crowning, the rituals of the binned archery, the rituals of feasting and swallowing, the rituals of sacrificial meat, and the rituals of celebration. The Chinese dynasty adhered to the purpose of the Shang Shu (Book of the Later Han|Book of the Later Han), the Book of Jin, the Book of Song, the Book of the Southern Qi, the Book of Sui, the Book of Tang, and the New Book of Tang, Song History, and Ming History all have rituals or rituals to show the succession of Zhou rites.

Jili

• Sacrifice to Heaven
• Suburban rituals: the Son of Heaven 祭天 the earth, the vassal sacrifices the land and the vassal sacrifices the land and the vassal sacrifices the five sacrifices for the blessing of the world. The winter solstice is called suburb in Huanqiu, and the summer solstice is called society in Fangqiu, so it is called suburb society, both are located in the southern and northern suburbs of the capital, suburb means big sacrifice, sacrifice is group sacrifice, so it is also called suburb sacrifice. The king for the group surname to establish the community, said the big community. The king set up a society for himself, said the king society. Vassals for the people to establish a society, said the state society. The vassal establishes a society for himself, said the marquis society. Below the great official into a group to establish a society, said set up society.

• Ancestral rites: Ancestral sacrifice you and the sacrifice of heaven and earth as the most important sacrifice, divided into temple sacrifice and tomb sacrifice.
• The rite of alliance: the alliance to the gods to bless the covenant.

• Mu De
• Qing Emperor (Mythology)
• Feng Chan ritual: Feng Chan was mostly held at Mount Tai, where Feng was a sacrifice to heaven and Chan was a sacrifice to earth, Feng ChanIt is a ceremony in which the emperor is appointed to the world. As the head of the Three Emperors, the Emperor of Heaven Fuxi, is honored as the Lord of the World with Mu De and the Wood Lord of the East, Fuxi's residence, Mount Tai, is also known as Qing Emperor, the so-called Tai Shan Bei Du The symbolic meaning of the peak, that is, the source of Mount Tai symbolizes the common master of the world, the first of the three emperors, Qing Yan, Huang and Bai Xuan, the first of the five emperors, Qing Emperor Fuxi's meaning, the emperors in the past generations who considered themselves to have a thousand years of merit to the emperor Fuxi, to the emperor Fuxi to show merit, in order to more firmly both longevity and eternal prosperity, ordered to the sky of the Jade Seal contained the wish. To emphasize the Tianzi status of the emperor's divine authority.
• Foundation laying ceremony: originated from ancient times, the practice of headhunting rituals, where the native spirits were sacrificed to pray for the blessing of the gods before groundbreaking.

Rites of Honour

• Sắc phong Rites: The king divides his duties, bestows government, appoints merit, ennobles and titles, fiefs and establishes a state, and the subjects resign and kneel in gratitude worship.
• Zen Rites: In order to make the change of dynasty righteous, the former emperor took the initiative to set up a Zen platform to cede the position of the Son of Heaven.
• The rite of trampling on the eastern door: the inauguration of the Son of Heaven.
• The rite of conception: the "rite of fetal education". After the mother has conceived a child, she should not look at evil colors, not listen to lewd sounds, not speak evil words, not do evil things with her body, and not think evil thoughts with her mind, so that she can teach the fetus.
• Birth rites.
  • Birth: After the child is born, if it is a boy, give him jade jang and hang a wooden bow on the left side of the door, if it is a girl, give her tile and hang a peyote on the right side of the door, that is get jang, get tile, hang bow, hang handkerchief rite.
  • Sanchao: The child is born on the third day and then carried out, if it is a boy, the shooting ceremony is performed.
  • Full Moon: Full Moon Wine
  • Hundred days: At the end of the third month of the child's life, choose an auspicious day to shave the fetal hair for the child. But not all the fetal hair cut off, the male left a "horn", the female left a "custody", or the male left, the female left right. The mother will lead the child to meet the father and grandfather, and the father will give the child a name.
  • Chou-yeon: To divine the future, i.e. Zhuazhou.

• The ceremony of entering school: When a student first meets with a teacher, he or she first presents a gift to show respect, i.e., the ceremony of [Zhuazhou].
• Adult rite: The rite of passage within the Religious Confucianism culture is the Crown rite.

• Wedding: Wedding is a very important and sacred ritual, and Religious Confucianism is no exception. The process has been changing and cumbersome.

Death rituals

• Funeral rites: Religious Confucianism attaches great importance to funeral rites. The Confucianism system of funeral rites is very complicated, with detailed regulations on human behavior, attitudes, food, mourning clothes, collection days, and the hierarchy and procedures of funeral rites. There are also different rules for different affinity and social classes.
• Desolation rituals: Desolation period, dispersal of profit, thin levy, reprieve, relaxation of force, abandonment of prohibition, removal of a few, cataract rituals, killing and mourning, proliferation of music, much fainting, solving ghosts and gods, removal of thieves

Oracle Evidence for Jiri

The auspicious rites can be traced back to the Yin and Shang dynasties, and according to the Shang Shu, to the Yao, Shun and Yu dynasties, making it a truly ancient Chinese tradition. The oracle bones have been used in the oracle divination rituals for "emperor, ghost, witch, divine service, summer, steam, and blessing".The first thing that people worshiped during the Shang Dynasty as recorded in the oracle bone divination is God, followed by natural deities such as the sun, moon, rain, clouds, snow, the four directions, mountains, and water.For example, there is "Ding Choubu, anger Zhen: his Ren Ding Zongmen reported Emperor Jia and Emperor Ding, and received again."From the oracle bone divination, we can see that the merchants' sorcery for rain was to burn people to sacrifice to heaven and to use dragons to participate in the ritual. The former burned "wu" (messengers from heaven) and "jing" (unlucky people) in order to move God to pity the hyper-drought and give rain. The oracle bone divination rituals for rain are accompanied by dance.In the oracle bone inscription, there is "Xinmao zodai, rain. The rain falls at the end of the day. The oracle plays the dance of rain."The oracle bone divination records: "Geng Yin divination, Xin Mao official dance rain; Non Chen official dance rain; Geng Yin divination, A Wu official dance rain". There are a lot of oracle bone divination inscriptions, such as "Zhen I dance, rain" and "Z dance, people from rain". In the oracle bone inscriptions, "dance" is written as "funeral" or "collar", like a person dancing in the shape of two sleeves.

There is also "Zhen: there is a deer? The death of its deer?" In these divination words, the meaning of "its deer" is to ask whether to use the deer to sacrifice to God.

"Nuo" already existed in the Shang Dynasty, and is written in oracle bone inscriptions as "晏". The Shang oracle bones are divided into three types of sacrifices to the four gods, among which are purification.

Another example is the field hunting, the oracle bone divination has "Wu Wu Bu Ao Zhen 'I hunted the birds'", which illustrates how many times Wu Yi and Di Xin held the same time. In the time of Wuding, he caught a tiger, 40 deer, 164 foxes, and 159 deer in one hunting trip. Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 23:34, 12 July 2022 (UTC)

The Relationship between Religious Confucianism and Shintoism

See also: Edo neo-Confucianism

The Japanese Shinto religion has absorbed the beliefs and rituals of Religious Confucianism. The New Year's festival, the Jinhan festival, the Shinto clothing festival, the Sanno festival, the Grand Jubilee festival, the Wind God festival, the Tsukiji festival, the Fire Festival, the Doujinshi festival, the Soul Festival, the Shinto Taste festival, the Aio Taste festival, the New Taste festival, the Great Taste festival, the Nuo festival, and the coins are all from the Zhou rites.It is also recorded in the "Reiji - Lunar Order" that "in this month, the Son of Heaven recommends the clothes to the former Emperor". After Song Ming theory came to Japan, Fujiwara Seiwa and Tokugawa Ieyasu's teacher Hayashi Rosan believed that Shinto was the way of Yao and Shun, and the Yangming scholar Kumazawa Haruyama advocated that "the essence of the gods is Ryōru," so that "Ryōru" was softened with "Shinto. The Yangming scholar Kumazawa Haruyama argued that "the essence of the divine is Ryo-ru", softening "conscience" with Shinto. After Yamazaki Yansai, there were also Homoda Haruman and Homo Mabuchi who advocated the restoration of the ancient Shinto, and advocated filial piety as the first priority, filial piety to parents, respect for God, and loyalty to the Emperor. These scholars who advocated the "reconciliation of Shinto and Confucianism" tried to "support Confucianism and attack Buddhism" in order to revive Shintoism, which was under the influence of Buddhism, but basically adopted an instrumentalist attitude and did not accept its inner core (the ideas of the Tang-Mu Revolution were especially regarded as dangerous). The more radical nationalist thinkers regarded Confucianism as a foreigner and advocated the study of ancient books such as Ancient Records, Man'yōshū, and The Tale of Genji, demanding the revival of pure Shinto thought uncontaminated by Buddhism and Confucianism. Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 19:03, 13 July 2022 (UTC)

History uncited sections

Han Dynasty

During the Han Dynasty Xiaowu Emperor, it was defined as the official ruling ideology of China, respecting the Six Classics and establishing a school palace, emphasizing the construction of the ritual system of auspicious rituals, foul rituals, guest rituals, military rituals, and good rituals, known as Chinese Classical Studies, or Sinology. The Han emperor instructed the Confucian scholars to correct the five scriptures and publish them on stone tablets as the ancient script, seal script, and clerical script for reference and examination, so that the world could take them as the official state religion. The Tang Dynasty formulated the Kaiyuan rites which became a model for future generations of ritual systems, with detailed, code-like regulations on how to offer sacrifices to heaven and ancestors, and how to offer sacrifices to Confucius. The ancient Chinese called Religious Confucianism holy religion.

Song Dynasty

The Southern Song Zhu Xi created Confucian Science, respected Four Books and Five Classics, and emphasized the cultivation of inner devotion to the "Way of Confucius and Mencius". Zhu Xi's Religious Confucianism system of thought starts from heaven and earth, from the knowledge of things, and is implemented in the daily use of human nature, moral cultivation, and boils down to seeking benevolence and becoming a sage. He formulated the "Regulations of the White Deer Cave Academy", which was also his policy. The Four Books Collected and Annotated, which he spent his life annotating, became the standard textbook for official training of talents after the Song Dynasty. The science of reasoning as well as Xinxue is also known as Song learning.

Early Modern Period

In the late Qing Dynasty, Jinshi Kang Youwei was a strong advocate of Confucianism. Kang Youwei worked with his disciple Liang Qichao to implement the short-lived Hundred Days Reform. In order to promote the Reformation, Kang Youwei transformed Confucianism into Confucianism. Kang Youwei once said in his book "The National Religion of Confucianism and the Discussion of Heaven and Earth", "If we want to save people's hearts and improve customs, the only way is to set up a national religion; if we want to set up a national religion, we have to respect Confucius.

In 1898, in his book "Confucius' Reformation", Kang Youwei portrayed Confucius as a social reformer for his political intention of reform, and honored Confucius as the "God of All Worlds", and portrayed Confucius as the "King of Su" who reformed the system through ancient times. He said in his book "Confucius' Reformation: A Preface" that "since the heavens mourned the hardships of the living on the earth, the Black Emperor descended to save the people from their problems as a god, as a holy king, as a preacher for all the people, and as a teacher of the earth".

20th century

Religious Confucianism lost its status as an official ideology until 1912, when the Republic of China was founded and the reading of the Bible was abolished. In the early years of the Republic of China, there was also the "Down with Confucius" movement, and during the Nationalist government period, Confucianism was revered again and Confucian rituals were made a national ritual. 1949 Chinese Civil War, mainland China rejected Confucianism and had the Criticize Lin and Criticize Confucius movement, while in Taiwan there was the opposite "Chinese Cultural Revival".

Religious Confucianism is not only about the "Way of the First King", but also about the ethical relationship between human beings. The Lunyu, a record of Confucius' words and actions, contains many ideas about ethical relationships, such as "filial piety", "ren ", and the lifestyle advocates frugality, wealth, and non-lust, etc. Religious Confucianism does not advocate violent revolution to change social status and identity, and sees this as the root cause of social unrest, but rather advocates learning cultural knowledge and building a career. The government also arranged a system of "selection of virtues and abilities" accordingly.

21st century

Religious Confucianism gradually regained importance after mainland China entered reform and opening, and Religious Confucianism still has a very significant influence on the thinking of many Chinese people today. Confucianism was also the official orthodoxy of Korea and Vietnam in ancient times, and now Religious Confucianism has a significant influence on the thinking of some people in Korea, Vietnam, and Japan. The influence of these ideas cannot be ignored.

In 2005, the People's Republic of China established the Religious Confucianism Research Center, and the Secretary of State for Religious Affairs attended the inaugural meeting of the Center. In 2016, the Blue Book of Religions report on Chinese religions formally introduced Religious Confucianism as a traditional Chinese religion. However, the Chinese government often refers to the "five major religions" (Taoism, Buddhism, Protestant Christianity, Catholicism, and Islam), and only these "five major religions" have existing religious groups, while Religious Confucianism does not.The Blue Book of Religions - China Religions Report (2016) lists the contemporary revival of Religious Confucianism after the "Five Great Religions". Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 19:47, 13 July 2022 (UTC)

Religious Confucian Dress

The Supreme Master is enshrined in Taoyuan Wunchang Temple.

The "Godhead of the Supreme Master Confucius" at Taoyuan Wunchang Temple.

Confucius said: "The time of the Xia dynasty, the chariot of Yin, and the coronet of Zhou". Therefore, the history books of the Chinese dynasties have inherited the public opinion clothing system of the Zhou rites. It is said that "the king of the Zhou dynasty also made rituals on things, but twelve, thinking that the great number of heaven is also", through the six suits of the Son of Heaven and the six suits of the Queen of Heaven in the Zhou Rites. The six suits of the Son of Heaven symbolize the sky, with three stars to show its brightness; the six suits of the Queen of Kings symbolize the earth, and there are five elements to be born. Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 19:48, 13 July 2022 (UTC)

Mandate of Heaven

Main article: Mandate of Heaven

Confucius proposed that a gentleman should "know the destiny of heaven" and "no one can be a gentleman unless he knows the destiny of heaven". Knowing the Mandate of Heaven is a characteristic of Confucianism and a characteristic of traditional Chinese culture. To know the Mandate of Heaven is to be conscious of a sense of mission, and to know the Mandate of Heaven is to realize that one has a mission and must try to fulfill it. The source of this mission is heaven, so it is called the Mandate of Heaven.

The highest pursuit of Religious Confucianism is Unity of Mankind and Heaven, which means that man should conform to Heaven with virtue, and cultivate his body in accordance with the Way without exceeding the rules, so Confucius set up rituals as the highest expression of "virtue". Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 19:53, 13 July 2022 (UTC)

Basic Teachings

"The sages set up their teachings by the divine way, and the world is convinced." Religious Confucianism means to educate and educate through the gods, and the people are more likely to accept and obey.

Respect for Heaven, Ancestors, Filial piety, Faithfulness, Benevolence, Righteousness, Rituals, Goodness, Perseverance, and the desire to see the wise.

• The "Three Principles": Clarify the Virtues, Kissing the People, and Stopping at the Best. (The Great Learning)
• "The Eight Objectives": To be materialistic, to be knowledgeable, to be sincere, to be righteous, to cultivate one's body, to be a family, to rule the country, and to level the world.
• "Sanda de": wisdom, benevolence, and courage.
• "Learn widely, ask questions, think carefully, discern clearly, and act with integrity." (The The Middle Way)
• "Unite with heaven and earth in their virtue, and with the sun and moon in their clarity."
• "To establish oneself in the ways of the world and to make one's name known to one's parents is the end of filial piety. Filial piety begins with serving one's relatives, and ends with serving one's king." (The Xiaojing)
• "To be in harmony with heaven and earth in their virtue, with the sun and moon in their brightness, with the four seasons in their order, and with the spirits and gods in their good fortune. Precede the heavens and the heavens are not violated; follow the heavens and serve the times of the heavens." (The The Book of Changes)
• "I examine my self three times a day; to plan for others and not be faithful? Make friends with friends and not trust them? Passing on without practice?" (Zengzi)
• "Hold the will and cultivate the qi" and "cultivate the qi of hao-ran" (Mencius)
• "Knowing stopping is followed by fixing; fixing is followed by being able to be quiet; being quiet is followed by being able to be at peace; being at peace is followed by being able to consider; considering is followed by being able to gain. Things have the beginning and the end, things have the beginning and the end, know the sequence, it is close to the road." ("Great Learning")
• "Three Hopes of True Cultivation”：Refine Q, Qi refines spirit, Spirit refines emptiness. (Zhou Dunyi)
• "To establish the heart for heaven and earth, to establish the life for the living people, to follow the extinction of the past sages, and to open the peace for all ages." (Zhang Zai)

Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 15:04, 16 July 2022 (UTC)

At the beginning of the 20th century, Manchu also promulgated the Outline of School Affairs: "There is a religion in foreign schools, and the Chinese scriptures are the religion of China. The school does not read the scriptures, is Yao Shun Yu Tang Wen Wu Zhou Gong Confucius way, the so-called three programs and five regular, all abolished, China will not be able to establish a country." Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 15:49, 16 July 2022 (UTC)

Religious Confucian Classics

Religious Confucianism classically refers to Confucius's "Poetry, Books, Rites, Music, I Ching, and Spring and Autumn"."Since the time when Confucius was there, Fang Shu Ming Bible in order to dwarf the mulish differences.""Therefore, the book, the discipline of political affairs; poetry, the sound of the stop; ritual, the law of the great Ruoxi, the class of the program also. Therefore, learning to the rites and stop. This is the extreme of morality. Rites of respect for the text, music in the harmony, poetry and calligraphy, also, the spring and autumn of the micro, in between heaven and earth is complete."It is said that the "Book of Music" was lost after the Qin Emperor burned books and Confucian scholars by the Qin fire. The scriptures, which interpreted the Five Classics and completed the ritual system, were the mainstream of the Han, Jin, Sui and Tang dynasties. Famous scribes include Zheng Xuan, Wang Su, Kong Anguo, Zhao Qi, He Xiu, Wang Bi, Han Kangbo, Fan Ning, He Yan, Guo Pu, Kong Yingda, Jia Gongyan, Xu Yan, Xing Bing, Sun Se, etc.

• Four Books and Five Classics
  • The Classic of Poetry
  • The Book of Documents
  • The Etiquette and Ceremonial
  • I Ching
  • Spring and Autumn Annals
  • "Classic of Music

Song Dynasty when Zhu Xi combined the Great Learning, the Analects, the Mozi, and the Doctrine of the Mean as the "Four Books", "Learning must be preceded by the University, followed by the Analects of Confucius, followed by the Mencius", followed by "The Mean".Zhu Xi believed that ancient rites could not be examined, advocated the doctrine of Taoism, and created the Zhuzi Family Rites. The focus of the imperial examinations since the Southern Song Dynasty also shifted to the Four Books, signifying that the science became mainstream. Famous scholars of Confucian Science include Zhou Dunyi, Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, Zhu Xi, Lu Jiuyuan, Zhang Zai, Wang Yangming, etc.

Religious Confucianism rituals include auspicious rites, foul rites, bin rites, military rites, and good rites. "To serve the ghosts and gods of the state with auspicious rites, to mourn the sorrows of the state with foul rites, to be close to the state with bin rites, to be with the state with military rites, and to be close to the people with good rites.The auspicious ceremony is the crown of the five rites, mainly to the gods of heaven, earth, people and ghosts of the sacrificial ceremony, to is "the emperor of heaven, God, the community, the temple, mountains, forests, famous river sacrifice.The The Book of Rites-The Ritual System says, "There are five scriptures of rites, and nothing is more important than the rituals." According to the Zhou Rites - Spring Officials - The Great Patriarch, the rituals include the rituals of food and drink, the rituals of marriage and crowning, the rituals of the binned archery, the rituals of feasting and swallowing, the rituals of sacrificial meat, and the rituals of celebration. The Chinese dynasty adhered to the purpose of the Shang Shu (Book of the Later Han), the Book of Jin, the Book of Song, the Book of the Southern Qi, the Book of Sui, the Book of Tang, and the Old Book of Tang, New Book of Tang, Song History, and Ming History all have rituals or sacrifices to show the succession of Zhou rites.

• Four Books
  • The Great Learning
  • The The Analects of Confucius
  • The Mengzi
  • The The Middle Way

Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 20:58, 16 July 2022 (UTC)

References

Religious Confucianism and Religion in Taiwan

The term "Religious Confucianism" does not necessarily mean "Religion", but sometimes it just refers to the "norm of indoctrination", and its "Ritual behavior" also has a religious character. Yamamoto Sotaro in Taiwan during the Japanese rule period pointed out: Is Religious Confucianism a religion? It is not easy to conclude whether Religious Confucianism is a religion or not.，Sotaro Yamamoto considers Religious Confucianism to be a "pure religion".。 The question of whether "Religious Confucianism" is a religion or not has been debated by many people because of the definition of "religion". Some support the definition of "religion" from Europe and the United States, which is modeled on Christianity, in the sense that Religious Confucianism is not a religion. Some understand the word "religion" only as the inherent Chinese word "edification," and in this sense, there is no doubt that Religious Confucianism is also a religion.Regardless of whether "Religious Confucianism is a religion or not", the authors of "The Taiwan Minpao" often compare "Religious Confucianism" with various religions, such as Wu Sanlian said, "Confucius said, Datong, Laozi said, "governance by inaction, Buddha said, the world of bliss", which is the Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism since the Song Dynasty. "Three teachings View".

Although Taiwan is a place where various religions are concentrated, the most prominent ones are Religious Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and Taiwanese folk beliefs, which are a combination of the three religions.The Ma Zu temples, which are practiced by the mainstream in Taiwan, have been classified as Religious Confucianism, but are in fact folk beliefs based on Confucianism and incorporating Taoist and even Buddhist overtones. The religious classification of Taiwan under Japanese rule once included the belief in "Personal god" in Religious Confucianism, so the belief in A-Ma Zu also belongs to Religious Confucianism. Religious Confucianism became the largest religion in Taiwan, but after the war, the belief in "personal gods" was categorized as Daoism or Taiwanese folk beliefs, and sometimes Religious Confucianism was not recognized as a religion. Religious Confucianism is sometimes not recognized as a religion.In Religious Confucianism, those who are recognized as having the most noble character in a certain period of time are called "Confucianists", such as Zengzi, Zhu Xi, Er Cheng, Wang Yangming, etc. Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 14:09, 17 July 2022 (UTC)

Tian

Main article: Tian

Tiān 天 is both transcendent and immanent as the starry vault, manifesting in the three forms of dominance, destiny and nature. There are many compounds of the name Tian, and many of these clearly distinguish a "Heaven of dominance", a "Heaven of destiny" and a "Heaven of nature" as attributes of the supreme cosmic God.

In the Wujing yiyi (五經異義, "Different Meanings in the Five Classics"), Xu Shen explains that the designation of Heaven is quintuple:

• Huáng Tiān 皇天 —"Yellow Heaven" or "Shining Heaven", when it is venerated as the lord of creation;
• Hào Tiān 昊天—"Vast Heaven", with regard to the vastness of its vital breath (qi);
• Mín Tiān 旻天—"Compassionate Heaven", for it hears and corresponds with justice to the all-under-Heaven;
• Shàng Tiān 上天—"Highest Heaven" or "First Heaven", for it is the primordial being supervising all-under-Heaven;
• Cāng Tiān 苍天—"Deep-Green Heaven", for it being unfathomably deep.

Other names of the God of Heaven include:

• Tiāndì 天帝—the "Deity of Heaven" or "Emperor of Heaven": "On Rectification" (Zheng lun) of the Xunzi uses this term to refer to the active God of Heaven setting in motion creation;
• Tiānzhǔ 天主—the "Lord of Heaven": In "The Document of Offering Sacrifices to Heaven and Earth on the Mountain Tai" (Fengshan shu) of the Records of the Grand Historian it is used as the title of the first God from whom all the other gods derive.
• Tiānhuáng 天皇—the "King of Heaven": In the "Poem of Fathoming Profundity" (Si'xuan fu), transcribed in "The History of the Later Han Dynasty" (Hou Han shu), Zhang Heng ornately writes: «I ask the superintendent of the Heavenly Gate to open the door and let me visit the King of Heaven at the Jade Palace»;
• Tiāngōng 天公—the "Duke of Heaven" or "General of Heaven";
• Tiānjūn 天君—the "Prince of Heaven" or "Lord of Heaven";
• Tiānzūn 天尊—the "Heavenly Venerable", also a title for high gods in Taoist theologies;
• Tiānshén 天神—the "God of Heaven", interpreted in the Shuowen Jiezi as "the being that gives birth to all things";
• Shénhuáng 神皇—"God the King", attested in Taihong ("The Origin of Vital Breath");
• Lǎotiānyé (老天爷)—the "Olden Heavenly Father".

Attributes of the supreme God of Heaven include:

• Tiāndào 天道—"Way of Heaven"; it is the God's will of power, which decides the development of things: The Book of Historical Documents says that «the Way of Heaven is to bless the good, and make the bad miserable». It is also the name of some religious traditions;
• Tiānmìng 天命—"Mandate of Heaven", defining the destiny of things;
• Tiānyì 天意—"Decree of Heaven", the same concept of destiny but implying an active decision;
• Tiānxià 天下—"Under Heaven"; means creation, ongoingly generated by the supreme God.

Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 13:22, 19 July 2022 (UTC)

References

Scripture

Main article: Four Books and Five Classics

The Four Books and Five Classics are central to Religious Confucianism, especially the Five Classics which are more religious in nature Immanuelle 💗 (please tag me) 09:51, 22 July 2022 (UTC)

References