United Left (East Germany)
United Left Vereinigte Linke | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Founded | 2 October 1989 |
| Dissolved | ~1992 |
| Membership (1989) | 1,500 |
| Ideology | Socialism Factions: Communism Trotskyism Christian socialism Titoism |
| Colors | Red |
The United Left (German: Vereinigte Linke) was an alliance of several leftist opposition groupings in the German Democratic Republic.[1][2] Among them were Christian socialists, Trotskyists, adherents of the Titoist system of workers' self-management and some Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) members, who were critical of their party's policy.
History[edit]
Founded on 2 October 1989, only a few weeks before the fall of the Berlin Wall, the United Left demanded a reformation of socialism with the stated goal of creating a free and democratic GDR. At the end of the year 1989 the party had 1,500 members with focal points in Berlin and Halle. In contrast to other East German opposition groups, the United Left received less support from Western governments and political parties. Organisational issues and internal tensions between the various ideological factions meant that the United Left only achieved limited political success during its existence.
At the first free elections in the GDR in March 1990, the United Left started together with "Die Nelken" ("The Carnations"), a Marxist party. The electoral alliance with the name "Aktionsbündnis Vereinigte Linke" gained 0.18% of the votes and one seat in the Volkskammer, which would be held by Thomas Klein. The United Left fell apart in the years after German reunification, but some members were elected to the Bundestag through a party-list of the PDS or The Greens.
Election results[edit]
GDR Parliament (Volkskammer)[edit]
| Election year | # of votes | % of votes | # of seats won | +/− | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 20,342 | 0.2 | 1 / 400
|
References[edit]
- ^ Olivo, C. (3 May 2001). Creating a Democratic Civil Society in Eastern Germany: The Case of the Citizen Movements and Alliance 90. Springer. pp. 190–196. ISBN 978-0-312-29959-0.
- ^ Jünke, Christoph (December 2007). "A New Formation with Potential Pitfalls: The New German Linkspartei". Debatte: Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe. 15 (3): 307–319. doi:10.1080/09651560701711646. ISSN 0965-156X. S2CID 144959401.
| Parties of the Democratic Bloc (1945–1950) |
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|---|---|
| Parties of the National Front (1950–1989) | |
| Parties during and after the Peaceful Revolution (1989–1990) | |
| Constituent Mass Organizations | |
- 1989 disestablishments in East Germany
- Defunct left-wing political party alliances
- Defunct political party alliances in Germany
- Defunct socialist parties in Germany
- Democratic socialist parties in Europe
- Organizations of the Revolutions of 1989
- Peaceful Revolution
- Political opposition alliances
- Political parties established in 1989
- Political parties in East Germany
- United fronts