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Records of the history of music in Rostock stretch back to the 13th century. The largest city in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Rostock is an important cultural center in Northern Germany.

Medieval and Renaissance period

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The earliest known records of musical activity in Rostock date to the late 13th century. There are records of the instrumentalists Herbordus ‘timponator’ (1287), Stacius ‘basunre’ (1288), and Johannes ‘lireman’ (1288) serving in the capacity of civic musicians. Many 14th and 15th century records have survived listing the names of town musicians, minstrels, and organists. In the 15th century the town had music posts for 'fistulatores', 'piper', and 'bassuner'. A fourth position, 'kunstspielleute', was added in the 16th century.

In 1419 the University of Rostock was established; one of the oldest universities in Northern Europe. At that institution the Rostocker Liederbuch, a collection of 51 late medieval songs in German and Latin, was compiled from 1465-1487.

The 16th century Protestant Reformer and clergyman Joachim Slüter published the first hymn books in Low German in Rostock in 1525 and 1531.

Baroque period

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In 1623 the Rostock city council appointed Balthasar Kirchhof as the first director of instrumental music. Composer and music theorist Joachim Burmeister (1564-1629) was educated as Rostock University, and then taught at the Rostock town school while also serving as a cantor at the St. Mary's Church, Rostock from 1589-1593. He was then a Magister and cantor at St. Nicholas Church, Rostock from 1593-1629. Burmeister published three important treatises on music theory and composition in addition to authoring numerous hymns and a few motets. His writing employed a rhetorical doctrine to music, and his conception of musical syntax and grammar were revolutionary ideas for his time.


Outer Critics Circle Award for
Best Musical
Awarded forBest Musical
LocationNew York City
Presented byOuter Critics Circle
Currently held byMoulin Rouge! (2020)
WebsiteTonyAwards.com

The Outer Critics Circle Award for Best Musical is given annually to the best new Broadway musical, as determined by Outer Critics Circle. The award is one of the ceremony's longest-standing awards, having been presented each year since 1951. The award goes to the producers of the winning musical. A musical is eligible for consideration in a given year if it has not previously been produced on Broadway and is not "determined... to be a 'classic' or in the historical or popular repertoire", otherwise it may be considered for Best Revival of a Musical.[1]

Best Musical is the final award presented at the Tony Awards ceremony. Excerpts from the musicals that are nominated for this award are usually performed during the ceremony before this award is presented.

This is a list of winners and nominations for the Tony Award for Best Musical.

Winners and nominees

[edit]
  indicates the winner


1950s

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Season Musical Book Music Lyrics References
1949-1950
The Consul Gian Carlo Menotti [2]
1950-1951
Guys and Dolls Abe Burrows & Jo Swerling Frank Loesser [3]
1951-1952
No award given [4]
1952-1953
Wonderful Town Jerome Chodorov & Joseph Fields Leonard Bernstein Betty Comden & Adolph Green [5]
1953-1954
Kismet Luther Davis & Charles Lederer Alexander Borodin Chet Forrest & Bob Wright [6]
1954-1955
3 for Tonight Walter Schumann Robert Wells [7]
1955-1956
My Fair Lady Alan Jay Lerner Frederick Loewe Lerner [8]
1956-1957
Awarded to the New York City Center Light Opera Company for their productions of Lerner and Loewe's Brigadoon and Rodgers and Hammerstein's Carousel [9]
1957-1958
The Music Man Franklin Lacey & Meredith Willson Willson [10]
1958-1959
No award given [11]

1960s

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Season Musical Book Music Lyrics References
1959-1960
Bye Bye Birdie Michael Stewart Charles Strouse Lee Adams [12]
1960-1961
No award given; a production of Cole Porter's Anything Goes was cited for "Best Revival of a Musical" in place of this award that year [13]
1961-1962
15th Tony Awards
Bye Bye Birdie Michael Stewart Charles Strouse Lee Adams
Do Re Mi Garson Kanin Jule Styne Betty Comden & Adolph Green
Irma La Douce Alexandre Breffort, David Heneker, Julian More & Monty Norman Marguerite Monnot Breffort, Heneker, More & Norman
1962-1963
16th Tony Awards
How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying Abe Burrows, Willie Gilbert & Jack Weinstock Frank Loesser
Carnival! Helen Deutsch & Michael Stewart Bob Merrill
Milk and Honey Don Appell Jerry Herman
No Strings Samuel A. Taylor Richard Rodgers
1963-1964
17th Tony Awards
A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum Larry Gelbart & Burt Shevelove Stephen Sondheim
Little Me Neil Simon Cy Coleman Carolyn Leigh
Oliver! Lionel Bart
Stop the World – I Want to Get Off Leslie Bricusse & Anthony Newley
1964-1965
18th Tony Awards
Hello, Dolly! Michael Stewart Jerry Herman
Funny Girl Isobel Lennart Jule Styne Bob Merrill
High Spirits Timothy Gray & Hugh Martin
She Loves Me Joe Masteroff Jerry Bock Sheldon Harnick
1965-1966
19th Tony Awards
Fiddler on the Roof Joseph Stein Jerry Bock Sheldon Harnick
Golden Boy William Gibson & Clifford Odets Charles Strouse Lee Adams
Half a Sixpence Beverley Cross David Heneker
Oh, What a Lovely War! Joan Littlewood & Theatre Workshop Various
1966-1967
20th Tony Awards
Man of La Mancha Dale Wasserman Mitch Leigh Joe Darion
Mame Jerome Lawrence & Robert E. Lee Jerry Herman
Skyscraper Peter Stone Jimmy Van Heusen Sammy Cahn
Sweet Charity Neil Simon Cy Coleman Dorothy Fields
1967-1968
21st Tony Awards
Cabaret Joe Masteroff John Kander Fred Ebb
I Do! I Do! Tom Jones Harvey Schmidt Tom Jones
The Apple Tree Jerry Bock & Sheldon Harnick Jerry Bock Sheldon Harnick
Walking Happy Ketti Frings & Roger O. Hirson Jimmy Van Heusen Sammy Cahn
1968-1969
22nd Tony Awards
Hallelujah, Baby! Arthur Laurents Jule Styne Betty Comden & Adolph Green
The Happy Time N. Richard Nash John Kander Fred Ebb
How Now, Dow Jones Max Shulman Elmer Bernstein Carolyn Leigh
Illya Darling Jules Dassin Manos Hatzidakis Joe Darion
1969-1970
23rd Tony Awards
1776 Peter Stone Sherman Edwards
Hair James Rado & Gerome Ragni Galt MacDermot James Rado
Promises, Promises Neil Simon Burt Bacharach Hal David
Zorba Joseph Stein John Kander Fred Ebb

1970s

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Season Musical Book Music Lyrics
1970-1971
24th Tony Awards
Applause Betty Comden & Adolph Green Charles Strouse Lee Adams
Coco Alan Jay Lerner André Previn Alan Jay Lerner
Purlie Ossie Davis, Philip Rose & Peter Udell Gary Geld Peter Udell
1971-1972
25th Tony Awards
Company George Furth Stephen Sondheim
The Me Nobody Knows Stephen M. Joseph, Robert H. Livingston & Herb Schapiro Gary William Friedman Will Holt
The Rothschilds Sherman Yellen Jerry Bock Sheldon Harnick
1972-1973
26th Tony Awards
Two Gentlemen of Verona John Guare & Mel Shapiro Galt MacDermot John Guare
Ain't Supposed to Die a Natural Death Melvin Van Peebles
Follies James Goldman Stephen Sondheim
Grease Warren Casey & Jim Jacobs
1973-1974
27th Tony Awards
A Little Night Music Hugh Wheeler Stephen Sondheim
Don't Bother Me, I Can't Cope Micki Grant
Pippin Bob Fosse & Roger O. Hirson Stephen Schwartz
Sugar Peter Stone Jule Styne Bob Merrill
1974-1975
28th Tony Awards
Raisin Robert Nemiroff & Charlotte Zaltzberg Judd Woldin Robert Brittan
Over Here! Will Holt Sherman Brothers
Seesaw Michael Bennett Cy Coleman Dorothy Fields
1975-1976
29th Tony Awards
The Wiz William F. Brown Charlie Smalls
Mack & Mabel Michael Stewart Jerry Herman
The Lieutenant Gene Curty, Nitra Scharfman & Chuck Strand
Shenandoah James Lee Barrett, Philip Rose & Peter Udell Gary Geld Peter Udell
1976-1977
30th Tony Awards
A Chorus Line James Kirkwood Jr. & Nicholas Dante Marvin Hamlisch Ed Kleban
Bubbling Brown Sugar Loften Mitchell Various
Chicago Fred Ebb & Bob Fosse John Kander Fred Ebb
Pacific Overtures John Weidman Stephen Sondheim
1977-1978
31st Tony Awards
Annie Thomas Meehan Charles Strouse Martin Charnin
Happy End Elisabeth Hauptmann Kurt Weill Bertolt Brecht
I Love My Wife Michael Stewart Cy Coleman Michael Stewart
Side by Side by Sondheim Stephen Sondheim
1978-1979
32nd Tony Awards
Ain't Misbehavin' Murray Horwitz & Richard Maltby Jr. Fats Waller Various
Dancin' Various
On the Twentieth Century Betty Comden & Adolph Green Cy Coleman Betty Comden & Adolph Green
Runaways Elizabeth Swados
1979-1980
33rd Tony Awards
Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street Hugh Wheeler Stephen Sondheim
Ballroom Jerome Kass Billy Goldenberg Alan & Marilyn Bergman
The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas Larry L. King & Peter Masterson Carol Hall
They're Playing Our Song Neil Simon Marvin Hamlisch Carole Bayer Sager

1980s

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Season Musical Book Music Lyrics
1980-1981
34th Tony Awards
Evita Tim Rice Andrew Lloyd Webber Tim Rice
A Day in Hollywood / A Night in the Ukraine Dick Vosburgh Frank Lazarus Dick Vosburgh
Barnum Mark Bramble Cy Coleman Michael Stewart
Sugar Babies Ralph G. Allen Jimmy McHugh Al Dubin & Dorothy Fields
1981-1982
35th Tony Awards
42nd Street Mark Bramble & Michael Stewart Harry Warren Al Dubin
Sophisticated Ladies Donald McKayle Duke Ellington Various
Tintypes Mel Marvin & Gary Pearle Various
Woman of the Year Peter Stone John Kander Fred Ebb
1982-1983
36th Tony Awards
Nine Arthur Kopit Maury Yeston
Dreamgirls Tom Eyen Henry Krieger Tom Eyen
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat Tim Rice Andrew Lloyd Webber Tim Rice
Pump Boys and Dinettes John Foley, Mark Hardwick, Debra Monk, Cass Morgan, John Schimmel & Jim Wann
1983-1984
37th Tony Awards
Cats T. S. Eliot Andrew Lloyd Webber T. S. Eliot & Trevor Nunn
Blues in the Night Various
Merlin Richard Levinson & William Link Elmer Bernstein Don Black
My One and Only Timothy S. Mayer & Peter Stone George Gershwin Ira Gershwin
1984-1985
38th Tony Awards
La Cage aux Folles Harvey Fierstein Jerry Herman
Baby Sybille Pearson David Shire Richard Maltby Jr.
Sunday in the Park with George James Lapine Stephen Sondheim
The Tap Dance Kid Charles Blackwell Henry Krieger Robert Lorick
1985-1986
39th Tony Awards
Big River William Hauptman Roger Miller
Grind Fay Kanin Larry Grossman Ellen Fitzhugh
Leader of the Pack Anne Beatts Ellie Greenwich Various
Quilters Barbara Damashek & Molly Newman Damashek
1986-1987
40th Tony Awards
The Mystery of Edwin Drood Rupert Holmes
Big Deal Bob Fosse Various
Song and Dance Andrew Lloyd Webber Don Black
Tango Argentino Various
1987-1988
41st Tony Awards
Les Misérables Alain Boublil & Claude-Michel Schönberg Claude-Michel Schönberg Herbert Kretzmer
Me and My Girl Douglas Furber & L. Arthur Rose Noel Gay Douglas Furber & L. Arthur Rose
Rags Joseph Stein Charles Strouse Stephen Schwartz
Starlight Express Andrew Lloyd Webber Richard Stilgoe
1988-1989
42nd Tony Awards
The Phantom of the Opera Richard Stilgoe & Andrew Lloyd Webber Andrew Lloyd Webber Charles Hart
Into the Woods James Lapine Stephen Sondheim
Romance/Romance Barry Harman Keith Herrmann Barry Harman
Sarafina! Mbongeni Ngema
1989-1990
43rd Tony Awards
Jerome Robbins' Broadway N/A Various
Black and Blue Various
Starmites Barry Keating & Stuart Ross Barry Keating

1990s

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Season Musical Book Music Lyrics
1990-1991
44th Tony Awards
City of Angels Larry Gelbart Cy Coleman David Zippel
Aspects of Love Andrew Lloyd Webber Don Black & Charles Hart
Grand Hotel Luther Davis Chet Forrest, Bob Wright & Maury Yeston
Meet Me in St. Louis Hugh Wheeler Ralph Blane & Hugh Martin
1991-1992
45th Tony Awards
The Will Rogers Follies Peter Stone Cy Coleman Betty Comden & Adolph Green
Miss Saigon Alain Boublil & Claude-Michel Schönberg Claude-Michel Schönberg Alain Boublil & Richard Maltby Jr.
Once on This Island Lynn Ahrens Stephen Flaherty Lynn Ahrens
The Secret Garden Marsha Norman Lucy Simon Marsha Norman
1992-1993
46th Tony Awards
Crazy for You Ken Ludwig George Gershwin Ira Gershwin
Falsettos William Finn & James Lapine William Finn
Five Guys Named Moe Clarke Peters Various
Jelly's Last Jam George C. Wolfe Jelly Roll Morton Susan Birkenhead
1993-1994
47th Tony Awards
Kiss of the Spider Woman Terrence McNally John Kander Fred Ebb
Blood Brothers Willy Russell
The Goodbye Girl Neil Simon Marvin Hamlisch David Zippel
The Who's Tommy Des McAnuff & Pete Townshend Pete Townshend
1994-1995
48th Tony Awards
Passion James Lapine Stephen Sondheim
A Grand Night for Singing Walter Bobbie Richard Rodgers Oscar Hammerstein II
Beauty and the Beast Linda Woolverton Alan Menken Howard Ashman & Tim Rice
Cyrano: The Musical Koen van Dijk Ad van Dijk K. van Dijk
1995-1996
49th Tony Awards
Sunset Boulevard Christopher Hampton & Don Black Andrew Lloyd Webber Christopher Hampton & Don Black
Smokey Joe's Cafe Jerry Leiber & Mike Stoller
1996-1997
50th Tony Awards
Rent Jonathan Larson
Bring in 'da Noise, Bring in 'da Funk Reg E. Gaines Ann Duquesnay, Zane Mark & Daryl Waters Ann Duquesnay, Reg E. Gaines & George C. Wolfe
Chronicle of a Death Foretold Graciela Daniele & Jim Lewis Bob Telson Graciela Daniele & Jim Lewis
Swinging on a Star Michael Leeds Various Johnny Burke
1997-1998
51st Tony Awards
Titanic Peter Stone Maury Yeston
Juan Darien Elliot Goldenthal & Julie Taymor Elliot Goldenthal
Steel Pier David Thompson John Kander Fred Ebb
The Life Cy Coleman, David Newman & Ira Gasman Cy Coleman Ira Gasman
1998-1999
52nd Tony Awards
The Lion King Roger Allers & Irene Mecchi Elton John Tim Rice
Side Show Bill Russell Henry Krieger Bill Russell
The Scarlet Pimpernel Nan Knighton Frank Wildhorn Nan Knighton
Ragtime Terrence McNally Stephen Flaherty Lynn Ahrens
1999-2000
53rd Tony Awards
Fosse N/A Various
The Civil War Gregory Boyd & Frank Wildhorn Frank Wildhorn Jack Murphy
It Ain't Nothin' But the Blues Charles Bevel, Lita Gaithers, Randal Myler, Ron Taylor & Dan Wheetman Various
Parade Alfred Uhry Jason Robert Brown

2000s

[edit]
Season Musical Book Music Lyrics
2000-2001
54th Tony Awards
Contact John Weidman Various
James Joyce's The Dead Richard Nelson Shaun Davey Shaun Davey & Richard Nelson
Swing! Paul Kelley Various
The Wild Party Michael John LaChiusa & George C. Wolfe Michael John LaChiusa
2001-2002
55th Tony Awards
The Producers Mel Brooks & Thomas Meehan Mel Brooks
A Class Act Linda Kline & Lonny Price Ed Kleban
The Full Monty Terrence McNally David Yazbek
Jane Eyre John Caird Paul Gordon John Caird & Paul Gordon
2002-2003
56th Tony Awards
Thoroughly Modern Millie Richard Morris & Dick Scanlan Jeanine Tesori Dick Scanlan
Mamma Mia! Catherine Johnson Benny Andersson & Björn Ulvaeus
Sweet Smell of Success John Guare Marvin Hamlisch Craig Carnelia
Urinetown Greg Kotis Mark Hollman Mark Hollman & Greg Kotis
2003-2004
57th Tony Awards
Hairspray Thomas Meehan & Mark O'Donnell Marc Shaiman Marc Shaiman & Scott Wittman
Amour Jeremy Sams & Didier Van Cauwelaert Michel Legrand Jeremy Sams & Didier Van Cauwelaert
A Year with Frog and Toad Willie Reale Robert Reale Willie Reale
Movin' Out Twyla Tharp Billy Joel
2004-2005
58th Tony Awards
Avenue Q Jeff Whitty Robert Lopez & Jeff Marx
The Boy from Oz Martin Sherman Peter Allen
Caroline, or Change Tony Kushner Jeanine Tesori Tony Kushner
Wicked Winnie Holzman Stephen Schwartz
2005-2006
59th Tony Awards
Spamalot Eric Idle John Du Prez & Eric Idle Eric Idle
Dirty Rotten Scoundrels Jeffrey Lane David Yazbek
The Light in the Piazza Craig Lucas Adam Guettel
The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee Rachel Sheinkin William Finn
2006-2007
60th Tony Awards
Jersey Boys Marshall Brickman & Rick Elice Bob Crewe & Bob Gaudio
The Color Purple Marsha Norman Stephen Bray, Brenda Russell & Allee Willis
The Drowsy Chaperone Bob Martin & Don McKellar Lisa Lambert & Greg Morrison
The Wedding Singer Chad Beguelin & Tim Herlihy Matthew Sklar Chad Beguelin
2007-2008
61st Tony Awards
Spring Awakening Steven Sater Duncan Sheik Steven Sater
Curtains Rupert Holmes John Kander Fred Ebb
Grey Gardens Doug Wright Scott Frankel Michael Korie
Mary Poppins Julian Fellowes Anthony Drewe, Sherman Brothers & George Stiles
2008-2009
62nd Tony Awards
In the Heights Quiara Alegría Hudes Lin-Manuel Miranda
Cry-Baby Thomas Meehan & Mark O'Donnell Adam Schlesinger David Javerbaum
Passing Strange Stew Heidi Rodewald & Stew Stew
Xanadu Douglas Carter Beane John Farrar & Jeff Lynne
2009-2010
63rd Tony Awards
Billy Elliot the Musical Lee Hall Elton John Lee Hall
Next to Normal Brian Yorkey Tom Kitt Brian Yorkey
Rock of Ages Chris D'Arienzo Various
Shrek The Musical David Lindsay-Abaire Jeanine Tesori David Lindsay-Abaire

2010s

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Season Musical Book Music Lyrics
2010-2011
64th Tony Awards
Memphis Joe DiPietro David Bryan David Bryan & Joe DiPietro
American Idiot Billie Joe Armstrong & Michael Mayer Green Day Billie Joe Armstrong
Fela! Bill T. Jones & Jim Lewis Fela Kuti
Million Dollar Quartet Colin Escott & Floyd Mutrux Various
2011-2012
65th Tony Awards
The Book of Mormon Robert Lopez, Trey Parker & Matt Stone
Catch Me If You Can Terrence McNally Marc Shaiman Marc Shaiman & Scott Wittman
The Scottsboro Boys David Thompson John Kander Fred Ebb
Sister Act Bill Steinkellner, Cheri Steinkellner & Douglas Carter Beane Alan Menken Glenn Slater
2012-2013
66th Tony Awards
Once Enda Walsh Glen Hansard & Markéta Irglová
Leap of Faith Janus Cercone & Glenn Slater Alan Menken Glenn Slater
Newsies Harvey Fierstein Alan Menken Jack Feldman
Nice Work If You Can Get It Joe DiPietro George Gershwin Ira Gershwin
2013-2014
67th Tony Awards
Kinky Boots Harvey Fierstein Cyndi Lauper
Bring It On: The Musical Jeff Whitty Tom Kitt & Lin-Manuel Miranda Amanda Green & Lin-Manuel Miranda
A Christmas Story: The Musical Joseph Robinette Benj Pasek & Justin Paul
Matilda the Musical Dennis Kelly Tim Minchin
2014-2015
68th Tony Awards
A Gentleman's Guide to Love and Murder Robert L. Freedman Steven Lutvak Robert L. Freedman & Steven Lutvak
After Midnight Jack Viertel Various
Aladdin Chad Beguelin Alan Menken Howard Ashman, Chad Beguelin & Tim Rice
Beautiful: The Carole King Musical Douglas McGrath Gerry Goffin, Carole King, Barry Mann & Cynthia Weil
2015-2016
69th Tony Awards
Fun Home Lisa Kron Jeanine Tesori Lisa Kron
An American in Paris Craig Lucas George Gershwin Ira Gershwin
Something Rotten! Karey Kirkpatrick & John O'Farrell Karey Kirkpatrick & Wayne Kirkpatrick
The Visit Terrence McNally John Kander Fred Ebb
2016-2017
70th Tony Awards
Hamilton Lin-Manuel Miranda
Bright Star Steve Martin Edie Brickell & Steve Martin Edie Brickell
School of Rock Julian Fellowes Andrew Lloyd Webber Glenn Slater
Shuffle Along George C. Wolfe Eubie Blake & Noble Sissle
Waitress Jessie Nelson Sara Bareilles
2017-2018
71st Tony Awards
Dear Evan Hansen Steven Levenson Benj Pasek & Justin Paul
Come from Away David Hein & Irene Sankoff
Groundhog Day Danny Rubin Tim Minchin
Natasha, Pierre & The Great Comet of 1812 Dave Malloy
2018-2019
72nd Tony Awards
The Band's Visit Itamar Moses David Yazbek
Frozen Jennifer Lee Kristen Anderson-Lopez & Robert Lopez
Mean Girls Tina Fey Jeff Richmond Nell Benjamin
SpongeBob SquarePants Kyle Jarrow Various
2019-2020
73rd Tony Awards
Hadestown Anaïs Mitchell
Ain't Too Proud Dominique Morisseau The Temptations
Beetlejuice Scott Brown & Anthony King Eddie Perfect
The Prom Chad Beguelin & Bob Martin Matthew Sklar Chad Beguelin
Tootsie Robert Horn David Yazbek

2020s

[edit]
Season Musical Book Music Lyrics
2020-2021
74th Tony Awards
Moulin Rouge! John Logan Various
Jagged Little Pill Diablo Cody Glen Ballard & Alanis Morissette Morissette
Tina Katori Hall, Frank Ketelaar & Kees Prins Various

Records

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Accumulated records as of 2019:[14]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Staff (undated). "Rules & Voting". tonyawards.com. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
  2. ^ "Outer Circle Names 'Bests'". The New York Times. April 25, 1950. p. 27.
  3. ^ "Outer Circle Names 'Best'". The New York Times. May 2, 1951. p. 47.
  4. ^ Louis Calta (April 24, 1952). "ROSS, POVAH SIGN FOR PLAY AT ANTA: They Will Have Leading Roles in 'Sunday Breakfast,' Slated for Premiere on May 21". The New York Times. p. 39.
  5. ^ "DESIGNS BY EX-MODEL; Modish Dash Seen in Maternity Fashions by Helene Scott; Outer Circle Selects Picnic". The New York Times. April 22, 1953. p. 35.
  6. ^ "Sullivan to Replace Fonda; Outer Circle awards to Caine Mutiny Court-Martial and Kismet". The New York Times. April 24, 1954. p. 15.
  7. ^ "Writers Cite 'Inherit the Wind'". The New York Times. April 27, 1955. p. 27.
  8. ^ "CRITICS AWARD SCROLLS; Outer Circle Cites 'My Fair Lady' and 'Anne Frank'". The New York Times. May 27, 1956. p. 88.
  9. ^ "OUTER CIRCLE AWARDS; Theatre Writers Name Play by O'Neill Season's Best". The New York Times. May 3, 1957. p. 20.
  10. ^ "Outer Circle Gives Citations; Outer Circle awards to Look Homeward Angel, Music Man, J Papp, others". The New York Times. April 8, 1958. p. 34.
  11. ^ "Outer Circle Gives Awards". The New York Times. May 1, 1959. p. 36.
  12. ^ OUTER CIRCLE AWARDS: Out-of-Town Newsmen List Annual Stage Winners. May 13, 1960. p. 26. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  13. ^ "OUTER CIRCLE GIVES AWARDS TOMORROW". The New York Times. June 7, 1962. p. 31.
  14. ^ "Facts About the Tony Awards". Tony Legacy. The American Theatre Wing. 2016. Retrieved May 18, 2016.
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