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Gender Discrimination at the 2015 FIFA World Cup[edit]

At the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup held in Canada, a group of international players filed a lawsuit over the issues of discrimination. The women were forced to play on artificial turf rather than real grass that the men played on in the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Sydney Leroux, a member of the United States women's national soccer team stated "It is a gender equality issue. No chance men will ever play a World Cup on turf. I think the women are being treated as guinea pigs."[1] Her teammate, Alex Morgan, is one of forty plus international players who have filed a lawsuit against FIFA and the Canadian Soccer Association, claiming gender discrimination since men's games are always played on grass.

Turf is often believed to cause more injuries than grass-playing surfaces.[2] Dr. Michael Freitas, associate professor of clinical orthopedics and team doctor for the Western New York Flash, says it's difficult to determine if injuries are more prominent on grass or on turf. In 2014, he treated three players who suffered from major injuries on different types of playing surfaces. "This illustrates the fact that we don't really know if one is better than the other," he says. "But from a lot of players I've talked to, artificial surfaces can be harder, less cushioning, and they may get more aches and pains as opposed to a true catastrophic ligament rupture. I don't know if those symptoms are captured in the studies we see." [2]

Women at the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup were also subjected to gender testing before they were allowed to join their respective international team. In the past, verification of gender has been verified through physical exams, hormone, and chromosome testing. According to FIFA, "It lies with each participating member association to ... ensure the correct gender of all players by actively investigating any perceived deviation in secondary sex characteristic."[3] Players subjected to the testing were amused by this testing, however some found it humiliating. Gender testing also prevents those who do not identify as cisgender from participating. FIFA rules do call for gender verification of all players, although there is no record of male players ever being tested.[3]

National Team Call-Ups[edit]

National team call-ups refers to the selection of players to represent their national team in their respective sport for competitive purposes, such as the Olympic Games. Players are selected based on their performance in their professional sport, however not all players have to be considered a professional to be eligible to represent their nation in their respective sport. National team call-ups sometimes interfere with the schedule of domestic professional leagues. National team eligibility rules vary by competition.

Pay Gap[edit]

The gender pay gap is prominent in professional sports, as well as for members of their respective national teams. When the United States women's national soccer team won the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, the team received $2 million total in prize money, while Germany national football team men's side received $35 million for winning the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Teams that were eliminated in the first round of the 2014 FIFA World Cup collected $8 million in winnings, twice as much as the winner of the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup.Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page). In comparison, the average salary in Major League Soccer was $207,831 in 2014. However these numbers are skewed due to large contracts for star players, where 83% of the league makes less than the league average.[4] Many women athletes rely on sponsorship and endorsements to make up for low salaries, yet men on average also make more money through sponsorship.

The budgets and wages for women's sports teams is less than their male counterparts at the same level. For collegiate sports, Title IX legislation was passed requiring universities that receive federal funding to provide equal opportunity and funding to male and female sports programs. However a study performed in 1997 showed that female athletes received nearly $143 million less than their male counterparts during the previous year.[5]

Popularity of Women's National Team Sports[edit]

In the United States, women represent 40 percent of all athletes, yet they only receive 4 percent of sports media coverage. In England, only about 2 percent of mainstream sports coverage is dedicated to women's sport.[6] Due to the lack of popularity of women's sports, many women athletes struggle to find employment, with many also seeking part time jobs.[7]

In September 2014, CBS launched the first-ever, all female talk show titled We Need to Talk. The show discusses the overlaps between sports and society for women, drawing comparisons to shows like The View (U.S. TV series), but still featuring sports segments and clips. The format of the show is not the same as other popular sports broadcasts, such as ESPN, and the shows producers maintain this was done to target more women viewers.[7]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "FIFA Women's World Cup: gender discrimination allegations dog promotional efforts". CBC News. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
  2. ^ a b Litman, Laken. "Alex Morgan on why artificial turf is tough for players". USA Today. USA Today Sports. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  3. ^ a b Larsen, Karen. "FIFA's gender testing rule for Women's World Cup proves controversial". CBC News. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
  4. ^ Reese, Bill. "MLS Salaries 2014: The Rich Get Richer (A Look at Income Inequality}". Empire of Soccer. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  5. ^ Getting, John. "The Wage Gap in Pro Sports". infoplease. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  6. ^ Williamson, Laura. "Foul Play: Why is there sexism in sport?". Stylist. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
  7. ^ a b Teitel, Emma (27 September 2014). "Can We Talk? Sports is Still a Man's World". Maclean's. 127 (42): 14-15. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)

External Links[edit]

Women's National Team Pages[edit]

United States United States of America (USA)[edit]

England England[edit]

Germany Germany[edit]

The following links are in German:

Women's Professional Sports Teams[edit]

Jjac118 (talk) 13:20, 27 October 2015 (UTC)ADLins: Women’s National Team Draft Gender Discrimination

• 1st sentence, “recent” is a current term, maybe add specific place in Canada

• Professional female soccer players, elite players is vague(Paragraph 1)

• Insert comma “Her teammate, Alex Morgan, is one..” (Paragraph 1)

• Where was this Sydney Leroux quote found?

• Watch conjunctions “says its” > “says it is” (Paragraph 2)

• “more prominent” > “more likely to occur” (Paragraph 2)

• although quotes are from a doctor in paragraph 2 they seem weak as he is uncertain in both • “Players subjected to testing were amused by this testing…” State that it was a controversy, good place for a player quote

• 3rd paragraph Last sentence - “Fifa” FIFA

National Team Call-Ups

“National team call-ups refers to the selection of players to represent their national team in their respective sport for competitive purposes” maybe sounds better as “National team call-ups refers to the selection of players to represent their national team, for competitive purposes, in their respective sport” sounds like a lot

“The budgets and wages for women's sports teams is less than men’s sports teams at the same level” • after any “However”s there should be commas

Popularity

• check to see if you should say percent or type %, both are used in this section

• “female athletes” sounds more proper than “women athletes”

• tag show We Need to Talk, if they have a wiki

Looks great!!! Very minor things to change. Good work Jjac118 (talk) 13:20, 27 October 2015 (UTC)

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