User:Alex BM/sandbox
I hope to talk about voice rehabilitation following a total or partial laryngectomy
 | This is a user sandbox of Alex BM. You can use it for testing or practicing edits. This is not the sandbox where you should draft your assigned article for a dashboard.wikiedu.org course. To find the right sandbox for your assignment, visit your Dashboard course page and follow the Sandbox Draft link for your assigned article in the My Articles section. |
Quality of Life[edit]
People with a partial laryngectomy are more likely to have a higher quality of life than individuals with a total laryngectomy.[1] Voice quality, swallowing and reflux are affected in both types, with the sense of smell and taste (hyposnia/anosmia and dysgeusia) also being affected in total laryngectomies (a complaint which is given very little attention).[1][2] People having undergone total laryngectomy have been found to be more prone to depression and anxiety, and often experience a decrease in the quality of their social life and physical health.[3]
People receiving voice rehabilitation report best voice quality and overall quality of life when using a voice prosthesis as compared to esophageal speech or electrolarynx.[3] Furthermore, individuals going through non-surgical therapy report a higher quality of life than those having undergone a total laryngectomy.[3] Lastly, it is much more difficult for those using alaryngeal speech to vary their pitch[4], which particularly affects the social functioning of those speaking a tonal language.[4]
Smell and Taste Rehabilitation[edit]
A total laryngectomy causes the separation of the upper air respiratory tract (pharynx, nose, mouth) and lower air respiratory tract (lungs, lower trachea).[1] Breathing is no longer done through the nose (nasal airflow), which causes a loss/decrease of the sense of smell, leading to a decrease in the sense of taste.[1] The Nasal Airflow Inducing Manoeuvre (NAIM), also known as the "Polite Yawning" manoeuvre, was created in 2000 and is widely accepted and used by speech-language pathologists in the Netherlands, while also becoming more widely used in Europe.[5] This technique consists of increasing the space in the oral cavity while keeping the lips closed, simulating a yawn with a closed mouth by lowering the jaw, tongue and floor of the mouth.[5] This causes a negative pressure in the oral cavity, leading to nasal airflow. [6] The NAIM has been recognized as an effective rehabilitation technique to improve the sense of smell.[5]
Incidence/Prevalence[edit][edit]
In 2017, there were over 13,000 new laryngeal cancer cases in the United States, (3.1 per 100,000)[7]. The number of new cases decreases every year at a rate of 2.4%[7], and this is believed to be related to decreased cigarette smoking in the general population[8]. The number of laryngectomies performed each year in the U.S. has been declining at an even faster rate[9] thanks to new therapeutic techniques[10]. Only 50,000 to 60,000 laryngectomies have been performed in this country to date[10].
- ^ a b c d Sadoughi, Babak (August 2015). "Quality of Life After Conservation Surgery for Laryngeal Cancer". Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America. 48 (4): 655–665. doi:10.1016/j.otc.2015.04.010. ISSN 1557-8259. PMID 26092764.
- ^ Hinni, Michael L.; Crujido, Lisa R. (2013). "Laryngectomy rehabilitation". Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery. 21 (3): 218–223. doi:10.1097/moo.0b013e3283604001. PMID 23511606. S2CID 38780352.
- ^ a b c Wiegand, Susanne (2016-12-15). "Evidence and evidence gaps of laryngeal cancer surgery". GMS Current Topics in Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. 15: Doc03. doi:10.3205/cto000130. ISSN 1865-1011. PMC 5169076. PMID 28025603.
- ^ a b Chan, Jimmy Y. W. (June 2013). "Practice of laryngectomy rehabilitation interventions: a perspective from Hong Kong". Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery. 21 (3): 205–211. doi:10.1097/MOO.0b013e328360d84e. ISSN 1531-6998. PMID 23572016. S2CID 37522328.
- ^ a b c van der Molen, Lisette; Kornman, Anne F.; Latenstein, Merel N.; van den Brekel, Michiel W. M.; Hilgers, Frans J. M. (June 2013). "Practice of laryngectomy rehabilitation interventions: a perspective from Europe/the Netherlands". Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery. 21 (3): 230–238. doi:10.1097/MOO.0b013e3283610060. ISSN 1531-6998. PMID 23572017. S2CID 215715884.
- ^ Hilgers, Frans J. M.; Dam, Frits S. A. M. van; Keyzers, Saskia; Koster, Marike N.; As, Corina J. van; Muller, Martin J. (2000-06-01). "Rehabilitation of Olfaction After Laryngectomy by Means of a Nasal Airflow-Inducing Maneuver". Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery. 126 (6): 726–732. doi:10.1001/archotol.126.6.726. ISSN 0886-4470. PMID 10864109.
- ^ a b "Cancer Stat Facts: Larynx Cancer".
- ^ "What Are the Key Statistics About Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Cancers?".
- ^ Maddox, Patrick Tate; Davies, Louise (2012-02-27). "Trends in Total Laryngectomy in the Era of Organ Preservation". Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 147 (1): 85–90. doi:10.1177/0194599812438170. PMID 22371344. S2CID 20547192.
- ^ a b Itzhak., Brook (2013). The laryngectomee guide. [Place of publication not identified]: [publisher not identified]. ISBN 978-1483926940. OCLC 979534325.