User:Ashleyzam/Earth science

Magnetic Field

The magnetic field is also very important since some birds and insects use the field to navigate over long distances. They are able to do so by the magnetized iron crystals found in their skin for orientation. The most important function of Earth's magnetic field is protecting it's organisms. High energy protons are deflected along with electrons in the solar wind. If organisms have direct exposure to these particles it would be lethal. For the consistency of a magnetic field to remain constant there must be an attractive magnetic field. If the motion of a magnetic field changes then every aspect of it does as well. It indicates a force that is proportional to the velocity of a moving charge

Magnetic Fields can be measured with many different units like Tesla (T). another commonly used unit is the Gauss (G) or me 1 G is equivalent to 10-4 T (or 1 mG = 0.1µT) Smaller magnetic field unit is the Gauss (1 Tesla = 10,000 Gauss)

In the image above the first example their Anti-parallel currents with cause them to repel. In the second example they are parallel currents which cause attraction.

The Lorentz Force Law

Everything within the magnetic field can be defined by the Lorentz Law.

${\ce {\mathbf {F} =q(\mathbf {E} +\mathbf {v} \times \mathbf {B} )}}$

The electromagnetic force holds atoms and molecules together. In fact, the forces of electric attraction and repulsion of electric charges are so dominant over the other three fundamental forces that they can be considered to be negligible as determiners of atomic and molecular structure

The Lorentz Force Law was names after Dutch physicist, Hendrik Antoon Lorentz he was the first to formulate this equation. Lorentz theorized that atoms might consist of charged particles and suggested that the oscillations of these charged particles were the source of light.

Changing magnetic field through a coil of wire therefore must induce an EMF the coil which in turn causes current to flow.