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Vitamin E is an important anti-oxidizing agent in the diet that prevents the formation of free radicals reactions that cause the oxidation of lipids nucleic acid and proteins on the body. These are key components for the skin to maintain elasticity, replace old skin cells[1].Vitamin E is a lipid soluble vitamin belonging to the tocopherol class of organic compounds, and has many hydroxyl groups (OH) that can donate hydrogen ions to stabilize free radicals[2]. these characteristics can be used to prevent cardiovascular disease and inhibit growth of malignant cells[2].Vitamin E is found in both plant and animal products such as vegetable oil, dark red vegetables, egg yolk, and liver[2]. AAFCO states a minimum dose of 50IU/kg and a maximum dose of 1000IU/kg of vitamin E/kg is allowed in dog food.[3]
Vitamin A[edit]
Vitamin A contains retinoic acid and a deficiency in vitamin A can lead to rough coat, scaling of skin and other dermatisis issues like alopecia[4]. Retinoic acid is essential for cells to properly proliferate keratinocytes[4], which are epithelial cells that produce keratin on the outermost layer of the skin for the cortisol cells of the hair follicle[5]. A deficiency in vitamin A can cause the common symptoms of dermatitis (dry, scaling skin and dull coat)[6]. Vitamin A deficiency related dermatitis can be easily treated with dog food high in vitamin A to alleviate symptoms and for cells to properly differentiate to produce keratin[6].
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- ^ Plevnin Kapun, A; Salobir, J; Levart, A; Tavčar Kalcher, G; Nemec Svete, A; Kotnik, T (2014). "Vitamin E supplementation in canine atopic dermatitis: improvement of clinical signs and effects on oxidative stress markers". Veterinary record. 175 (22): 560.
- ^ a b c Saulo, R; et al. (2016). "Action of cholecalciferol and alpha-tocopherol on Staphylococcus aureus efflux pumps". EXCLI journal. 15: 315–322.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|first=(help) - ^ "The Association of American Feed Control Officials > Publications". www.aafco.org. Retrieved 2017-11-29.
- ^ a b Baviskar, S; Jayanthy, C; Nagarajan, B (2013). "Vitamin-A responsive dermatosis in a dog". Intas Polivet. 14 (2): 210.
- ^ Kurtenbach, Stefan; Mayer, Christoph; Pelz, Thomas; Hatt, Hanns; Leese, Florian; Neuhaus, Eva M. (2011-08-09). "Molecular evolution of a chordate specific family of G protein-coupled receptors". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 11: 234. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-234. ISSN 1471-2148.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ a b Beigh, S.A.; Soodan, J.S.; Bhat, A.M.; Singh, V; Tantary, H (2013). "Clinical diagnosis and management of vitamin--a responsive canine dermatosis". Intas Polive. 14 (2): 207–210.