User:Caylee.lynn/Allantonematidae
 | This is the sandbox page where you will draft your initial Wikipedia contribution.
If you're starting a new article, you can develop it here until it's ready to go live. If you're working on improvements to an existing article, copy only one section at a time of the article to this sandbox to work on, and be sure to use an edit summary linking to the article you copied from. Do not copy over the entire article. You can find additional instructions here. Remember to save your work regularly using the "Publish page" button. (It just means 'save'; it will still be in the sandbox.) You can add bold formatting to your additions to differentiate them from existing content. |
Article Draft
[edit]Lead
[edit]Article body
[edit]The current wikipedia article states - Allantonematid nematodes infect insect larvae by piercing through the cuticle, after which they reside in the insect blood. There they develop through multiple juvenile stages before being shed out the anus or reproductive tracts. Mating typically occurs external to the insect host, after which mated female nematodes infect new hosts.
My addition begins here -
Agricultural Impacts
[edit]Thripinema fuscum
[edit]
Thripinema fuscum is a Allantonematidae nematode that, can naturally decrease the population of Frankliniella fusca, Tobacco thrips.[1] Commonly found in Florida, T. fuscum that infect tobacco thrips have been shown to only affect the reproduction system of the thrips, causing a decrease in thrips over time.[1] Infertility of F. fusca is caused by damage to ovarioles and loss of eggs when infected by T. fuscum.[1] The life cycle of the T. fuscum from infection to the adult life stage is around 9 days in the F. fusca.[2] The infectious nematode lives primarily in the hemocoel of the thrips.[2]
Parasitylenchus bifurcatus
[edit]Parasitylenchus bifurcatus parasitizes Harmonia axyridis, a beetle introduced to Europe from central and South Asia.[3] H. axyridis affects agricultural crops such as apples, pears, and grapes resulting in reduced quality of products made from these crops.[3][4] Both male and female H. axyridis can be infected by P. bifurcatus.[3] P. bifurcatus reproduces multiple times within one host, creating multiple generations.[3]
The P. bifurcatus use bodily resources of the H. axyridis, such as fat deposits.[3] The reproductive system of H. axyridis may also be used for reproduction of P. bifurcatus, thus reducing the hosts reproductive organs.[3] Infected H. axyridis put under stress have been shown to die faster than uninfected H. axyridis in the same conditions, increasing the potential to use P. bifurcatus as natural biological control agents.[3][4]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c "Infection of Frankliniella fusca (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Peanut by the Parasitic Nematode Thripinema fuscum (Tylenchidae: Allantonematidae)". academic.oup.com. Retrieved 2023-11-05.
- ^ a b "EENY681/IN1175: Entomopathogenic Nematodes of Thrips Thripinema spp. (Nematoda: Tylenchida: Allantonematidae)". edis.ifas.ufl.edu. Retrieved 2023-10-12.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Poinar, George O.; Steenberg, Tove (2012-10-01). "Parasitylenchus bifurcatus n. sp. (Tylenchida: Allantonematidae) parasitizing Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)". Parasites & Vectors. 5 (1): 218. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-218. ISSN 1756-3305.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ a b Stare, Barbara Gerič; Širca, Saša; Urek, Gregor (2017-09-26). "First report of nematodes Parasitylenchus bifurcatus Poinar & Steenberg, 2012 parasitizing multicolored Asian lady beetle Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773) in Slovenia". Acta agriculturae Slovenica. 109 (2): 457–463. ISSN 1854-1941.