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The Higgs-Allain Local Governance Reforms are an ongoing reform initiative in the Province of New Brunswick to modernize the local governance system. These reforms have been promoted as the most consequential since Premier Robichaud's Equal Opportunity Program. (pg. 4)

The reform initiative began when Premier Higgs appointed Daniel Allain Minister of Local Government and Local Governance Reform. https://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/departments/executive_council/news/news_release.2020.09.0498.html In April 2021, a green paper was released to the public. https://www2.gnb.ca/content/dam/gnb/Corporate/Promo/localgovreform/green-paper21.pdf Upon the green paper's release, the Department of Environment and Local Government organized a series of engagement activities, most of which were virtual because of public health restrictions imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, engagement activities included 36 virtual engagement sessions, 4 working groups, an online survey, and the collection of 120 written briefs and 150 public emails. https://www2.gnb.ca/content/dam/gnb/Corporate/Promo/localgovreform/docs/WhitePaper-EN-Web.pdf (9) These engagement activities concluded with the publication of a What We Heard report and a series of public round table discussions. https://www2.gnb.ca/content/dam/gnb/Corporate/Promo/localgovreform/what-we-heard.pdf While these roundtables were originally intended to take place in person, most were conducted virtually because of the return of public health restrictions.

In November 2021, a white paper was released. https://www2.gnb.ca/content/dam/gnb/Corporate/Promo/localgovreform/docs/WhitePaper-EN-Web.pdf The Province of New Brunswick announced it would engage in strategic local restructuring to reduce the total number of local governments from 104 to just 78. As part of this modernization of the local government system, the Province's 236 Local Service Districts were also abolished. Unincorporated areas included in one of the 78 new local governments were reorganized as 12 Rural Districts. (Pg.11)

Local Governance Entities Created as part of the Higgs-Allain Reforms
Name Entity Number Regional Service Commission Communities Amalgamated Map
Haut-Madawaska 1 Northwest Rural Community of Haut-Madawaska
Boundaries of Entity 1
Boundaries of Entity 1
Village of Lac
Edmundston 2 Northwest City of Edmundston 
Village of Rivière-Verte 
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Jacques
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Joseph
Vallée-des-Rivières 3 Northwest Village of Sainte-Anne-de Madawaska
Town of Saint-Léonard 
Portion of the local service district of Sainte-Anne 
Portion of the local service district of Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes 
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Léonard 
Portion of the local service district of Rivière-Verte
Grand Falls 4 Northwest Town of Grand Falls
Village of Drummond
Rural Community of Saint-André
Portion of the local service district of Drummond
Local service district of Grand Falls
Saint-Quentin 5 Northwest Town of Saint-Quentin
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Quentin
Local service district of St. Martin-de-Restigouche
Kedgwick 6 Northwest Rural Community of Kedgwick
Portion of the local service district of Eldon
Local service district of St. Jean Baptiste-Menneval
Local service district of White’s Brook
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Quentin
Campbellton 7 Restigouche City of Campbellton
Village of Atholville
Village of Tide Head
Local service district of Glencoe
Portion of the local service district of Dalhousie
Portion of the Local service district of McLeods
Portion of the local service district of Balmoral-Maltais
Portion of the local service district of Addington
Bois-Joli 8 Restigouche Village of Eel River Crossing
Village of Balmoral
Portion of the local service district of Balmoral-Maltais
Local service district of Blair Athol
Local service district of Balmoral-St. Maure
Portion of the local service district of Dalhousie
Portion of the local service district of McLeods
Heron Bay 9 Restigouche Town of Dalhousie
Village of Charlo
Local service district of Point La Nim
Local service district of Dalhousie Junction
Portion of the local service district of Dalhousie
Portion of the local service district of Chaleur
Portion of the local service district of Balmoral-Maltais
Belledune 10 Chaleur Village of Belledune
Belle-Baie 11 Chaleur Town of Beresford
Village of Nigadoo
Village of Petit-Rocher
Village of Pointe-Verte
Local service district of Madran
Local service district of Petit-Rocher-Nord
Local service district of Petit-Rocher-Sud
Local service district of Tremblay
Local service district of Dunlop
Local service district of Robertville
Local service district of Laplante
Portion of the local service district of Beresford
Portion of the local service district of North Tetagouche
Portion of the local service district of Bathurst
Bathurst 12 Chaleur City of Bathurst
Portion of the local service district of North Tetagouche
Portion of the local service district of Big River
Portion of the local service district of Bathurst
Rivière-du-Nord 13 Acadian Peninsula Village of Bertrand
Village of Maisonnette
Village of Grande-Anse
Village of Saint-Léolin
Local service district of Poirier
Local service district of Dugas
Local service district of Anse Bleue
Portion of the local service district of New Bandon
Caraquet 14 Acadian Peninsula Town of Caraquet  
Village of Bas-Caraquet
Local service district of Pokesudie
Local service district of St. Simon
Local service district of Blanchard Settlement
Portion of the local service district of Évangéline
Local service district of Pokemouche
Portion of the local service district of Caraquet
Portion of the local service district of Landry Office
Île-de-Lamèque 15 Acadian Peninsula Town of Lamèque
Village of Sainte-Marie-Saint-Raphaël
Local service district of Pointe-Canot
Local service district of Ste. Cécile
Local service district of Pointe-Alexandre
Local service district of Petite-Lamèque
Local service district of Haut-Lamèque
Local service district of Coteau Road
Local service district of Pigeon Hill
Local service district of Cap-Bateau
Portion of the local service district of Shippagan
Local service district of Chiasson-Savoy
Shippagan 16 Acadian Peninsula Town of Shippagan
Village of Le Goulet
Local service district of Haut-Shippagan
Portion of the local service district of Shippagan
Local service district of Baie du Petit Pokemouche
Local service district of Pointe-Sauvage
Local service district of Inkerman Centre
Portion of the local service district of Évangéline
Portion of the local service district of Caraquet
Municipalité des Hautes-Terres 17 Acadian Peninsula
  • Village of Saint-Isidore
  • Village of Paquetville
  • Local service district of the Parish of Paquetville
  • Local service district of the Parish of Saint-Isidore
  • Local service district of Saint-Sauveur
  • Local service district of Paroisse Notre-Dame-des-Érables
  • Portion of the local service district of Caraquet
  • Local service district of Maltempec
Tracadie 18 Acadian Peninsula Regional Municipality of Tracadie
Neguac 19 Acadian Peninsula Village of Neguac
Alnwick 20 Greater Miramichi Local service district of Alnwick
Local service district of Tabusintac
Local service district of Fair Isle
Local service district of Oak Point-Bartibog Bridge
Miramichi 21 Greater Miramichi City of Miramichi
Portion of the local service district of Nelson
Portion of the local service district of Newcastle
Miramichi River Valley 22 Greater Miramichi Village of Blackville
Portion of the local service district of Blackville
Local service district of Renous-Quarryville
Portion of the local service district of North Esk
Portion of the local service district of South Esk  
Local service district of Derby
Local service district of Sunny Corner
Portion of the local service district of Nelson
Portion of the local service district of Newcastle
Village of Doaktown 23 Greater Miramichi Village of Doaktown
Portion of the local service district of Blissfield
Upper Miramichi 24 Greater Miramichi Rural Community of Upper Miramichi
Nouvelle-Arcadie 25 Kent Village of Rogersville
Local service district of Collette
Local service district of Acadieville
Local service district of Rogersville
Portion of the local service district of Harcourt
Portion of the local service district of Weldford
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Louis de Kent  
Portion of the local service district of Nelson
Beaurivage 26 Kent Village of Saint-Louis de Kent
Town of Richibucto
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Louis de Kent
Local service district of Saint-Ignace
Local service district of Aldouane  
Local service district of Saint-Charles
Five Rivers 28 Kent Village of Rexton
Portion of the local service district of Richibucto
Portion of the local service district of Weldford
Portion of the local service district of Harcourt
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Paul
Portion of the local service district of Cap-de-Richibucto
Grand-Bouctouche 29 Kent Town of Bouctouche
Portion of the local service district of Wellington
Local service district of Sainte-Anne-de-Kent
Portion of the local service district of Sainte-Marie
Portion of the local service district of Richibucto
Champdoré 30 Kent Village of Saint-Antoine
Local service district of Grand Saint-Antoine
Portion of the local service district of Wellington
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Paul
Portion of the local service district of Sainte-Marie
Portion of the local service district of Dundas
Portion of the local service district of Harcourt
Beausoleil 31 Kent Rural Community of Cocagne
Portion of the local service district of Dundas
Local service district of Grand-Digue
Local service district of Shediac Bridge-Shediac River
Portion of the local service district of Wellington
Portion of the local service district of Moncton
Portion of the local service district of Shediac 
Maple Hills 32 Southeast Portion of the local service district of Dundas
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Paul
Portion of the local service district of Moncton
Portion of the local service district of Shediac
Salisbury 33 Southeast Village of Salisbury
Portion of the local service district of Coverdale
Portion of the local service district of Salisbury
Portion of the local service district of Moncton
Portion of the local service district of Elgin Parish
Moncton 34 Southeast City of Moncton
Portion of the local service district of Moncton 
Town of Riverview 35 Southeast Town of Riverview
Dieppe 36 Southeast City of Dieppe
Portion of the local service district of Moncton
Portion of the local service district of Scoudouc
Shediac 37 Southeast Town of Shediac
Local service district of Shediac Cape
Local service district of Scoudouc Road
Local service district of Point-du-Chêne
Portion of the local service district of Scoudouc
Cap-Acadie 38 Southeast Rural Community of Beaubassin East
Village of Cap-Pelé
Strait Shores 39 Southeast Village of Port Elgin
Local service district of Baie-Verte
Local service district of Bayfield
Local service district of Botsford
Local service district of Cape Tormentine
Portion of the local service district of Westmorland
Local service district of Murray Corner
Tantramar 40 Southeast Town of Sackville
Village of Dorchester
Portion of the local service district of Dorchester
Portion of the local service district of Sackville
Portion of the local service district of Pointe de Bute
Memramcook 41 Southeast Village of Memramcook
Fundy Albert 42 Southeast Village of Alma
Village of Hillsborough
Village of Riverside-Albert
Portion of the local service district of Hillsborough
Portion of the local service district of Harvey
Portion of the local service district of Hopewell
Portion of the local service district of Alma
Portion of the local service district of Coverdale
The Community of Three Rivers 43 Southeast Village of Petitcodiac
Local service district of Elgin Centre
Portion of the local service district of Elgin Parish
Portion of the local service district of Salisbury
Portion of the local service district of Cardwell
Butternut Valley 79 8 Portion of the local service district of Brunswick
Local service district of Studholm
Portion of the local service district of Johnston
Local service district of Havelock
Sussex 44 8 Town of Sussex
Village of Sussex Corner
Portion of the local service district of Sussex
Valley Waters 45 8 Village of Norton
Local service district of Springfield
Portion of the local service district of Norton
Portion of the local service district of Upham
Local service district of Kars
Local service district of Wickham
Fundy-St. Martins 46 Fundy Village of St. Martins
Portion of the local service district of Saint Martins
Portion of the local service district of Simonds
Local service district of Fairfield
Hampton 47 Fundy Town of Hampton
Local service district of Hampton
Portion of the local service district of Upham
Portion of the local service district of Norton
Portion of local service district Kingston
Quispamsis 48 Fundy Town of Quispamsis
Rothesay 49 Fundy Town of Rothesay
City of Saint John 50 Fundy City of Saint John
Grand Bay-Westfield 51 Fundy Town of Grand Bay-Westfield
Portion of the local service district of Westfield
Fundy Shores 52 Southwest Local service district of Musquash
Portion of the local service district of Lepreau
Eastern Charlotte 53 Southwest Village of Blacks Harbour
Town of St. George
Portion of the local service district of Pennfield
Local service district of Beaver Harbour
Local service district of Fundy Bay
Portion of the local service district of St. George
Portion of the local service district of Saint Patrick
Grand Manan 54 Southwest Village of Grand Manan
Campobello Island 55 Southwest Rural Community of Campobello Island
Town of Saint Andrews 56 Southwest Town of Saint Andrews
Local service district of Bayside
Local service district of Chamcook
Municipal District of St. Stephen 57 Southwest Town of St. Stephen
Portion of the local service district of Western Charlotte
Local service district of St. Stephen
Local service district of Dufferin
Portion of the local service district of Saint David
Portion of the local service district of Saint James
Portion of the local service district of Saint Croix
Local service district of Dennis Weston
Village of McAdam 58 Southwest Village of McAdam
Harvey 59 Capital Region Village of Harvey
Portion of the local service district of Manners Sutton
Portion of the local service district of Dumfries
Portion of the local service district of Prince William
Portion of the local service district of Kingsclear
Portion of the local service district of New Maryland
Village of Fredericton Junction 60 Capital Region Village of Fredericton Junction
Village of Tracy 61 Capital Region Village of Tracy
Hanwell 62 Capital Region Rural Community of Hanwell
Portion of the local service district of Kingsclear
Sunbury-York South 63 Capital Region Portion of the local service district of Rusagonis-Waasis
Portion of the local service district of New Maryland
Portion of the local service district of Gladstone
New Maryland 64 Capital Region Village of New Maryland
Oromocto 65 Capital Region Town of Oromocto
Portion of the local service district of Lincoln
Arcadia 66 Capital Region Village of Cambridge Narrows
Village of Gagetown
Local service district of Cambridge
Local service district of Upper Gagetown
Portion of the local service district of Waterborough
Local service district of Hampstead
Portion of the local service district of Canning
Municipality of Grand Lake 67 Capital Region Village of Minto
Village of Chipman
Local service district of Chipman
Portion of the local service district of Northfield
Portion of the local service district of Canning
Portion of the local service district of Sheffield
Portion of the local service district of Harcourt
Nashwaak 68 Capital Region Village of Stanley
Portion of the local service district of Stanley
Portion of the local service district of Saint Marys
Portion of the local service district of Estey’s Bridge
Portion of the local service district of Douglas
City of Fredericton 69 Capital Region City of Fredericton
Portion of the local service district of Saint Mary's 
Portion of the local service district of Estey’s Bridge
Portion of the local service district of Douglas
Portion of the local service district of Rusagonis-Waasis
Portion of the local service district of Lincoln
Central York 70 Capital Region Local service district of Keswick Ridge
Portion of the local service district of Bright
Portion of the local service district of Queensbury
Portion of the local service district of Douglas
Portion of the local service district of Estey’s Bridge
Portion of the local service district of Kingsclear
Nackawic-Millville 71 Capital Region Village of Millville
Town of Nackawic
Portion of the local service district of Southampton
Portion of the local service district of Queensbury
Portion of the local service district of Dumfries
Portion of the local service district of Bright
Municipality of Lakeland Ridges 72 Western Valley Village of Canterbury
Village of Meductic
Local service district of Benton
Local service district of Canterbury
Portion of the local service district of Debec
Local service district of North Lake
Portion of the local service district of Woodstock
Woodstock 73 Western Valley Town of Woodstock
Local service district of Richmond
Portion of the local service district of Wakefield known as Wakefield Inside
Portion of the local service district of Woodstock
Local service district of Upper and Lower Northampton
Local service district of Northampton
Portion of the local service district of Debec
Hartland 74 Western Valley Town of Hartland
Local service district of Somerville
Portion of the local service district of Simonds
Portion of the local service district of Wakefield known as Wakefield Outside
Local service district of Brighton
Local service district of Coldstream
Portion of the local service district of Bright
Portion of the local service district of Peel
District of Carleton North 76 Western Valley Village of Bath
Town of Florenceville-Bristol
Village of Centreville
Local service district of Glassville
Local service district of Upper Kent
Local service district of Wicklow
Portion of the local service district of Peel
Local service district of Wilmot
Local service district of Lakeville
Local service district of Aberdeen
Portion of the local service district of Kent
Portion of the local service district of Simonds
Regional Community of Southern Victoria 77 Western Valley Village of Aroostook
Village of Perth-Andover
Portion of the local service district of Andover
Portion of the local service district of Perth
District of Tobique Valley 78 Western Valley Village of Plaster Rock
Portion of the local service district of Gordon
Local service district of Riley Brook
Portion of the local service district of Lorne
Rural Districts Created as part of the Higgs-Allain Reforms
Name Rural District Number Regional Service Commission Communities Amalgamated Map
Northwest 1 Northwest Portion of the local service district of Drummond
Local service district of Madawaska
Local service district of Saint-Basile
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Jacques
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Joseph
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Quentin
Portion of the local service district of Rivière-Verte
Portion of the local service district of Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Anne
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Léonard
Restigouche 2 Restigouche Portion of the local service district of Addington
Portion of the local service district of Chaleur
Portion of the local service district of Eldon
Local service district of Flatlands
Local service district of Lorne
Local service district of Mann Mountain
Portion of the local service district of Balmoral-Maltais
Chaleur 3 Chaleur Local service district of Allardville
Portion of the local service district of Bathurst
Portion of the local service district of Beresford
Portion of the local service district of Big River
Local service district of New Bandon-Salmon Beach
Portion of the local service district of New Bandon
Acadian Peninsula 4 Acadian Peninsula Local service district of Miscou Island
Portion of the local service district of Shippagan
Portion of the local service district of New Bandon
Greater Miramichi 5 Greater Miramichi Local service district of Black River-Hardwicke
Portion of the local service district of Blackville
Local service district of Chatham
Local service district of Ferry Road-Russellville
Local service district of Glenelg
Portion of the local service district of Nelson
Portion of the local service district of Newcastle
Portion of the local service district of North Esk
Portion of the local service district of South Esk
Local service district of St. Margarets
Portion of the local service district of Hardwicke
Portion of the local service district of Blissfield
Kent 6 Kent Portion of the local service district of Harcourt
Local service district of Carleton
Local service district of Pointe-Sapin
Portion of the local service district of Cap-de-Richibouctou
Local service district of Baie Ste. Anne
Portion of the local service district of Hardwicke
Local service district of Escuminac
Portion of the local service district of Saint-Louis de Kent
Southeast 7 Southeast Portion of the local service district of Dorchester
Portion of the local service district of Coverdale
Portion of the local service district of Westmorland
Portion of the local service district of Alma
Portion of the local service district of Hillsborough
Portion of the local service district of Hopewell
Portion of the local service district of Moncton
Portion of the local service district of Harvey
Portion of the local service district of Sackville
Portion of the local service district of Elgin Parish
Portion of the local service district of Salisbury
Kings 8 8 Portion of the local service district of Cardwell
Local service district of Waterford
Portion of the local service district of Upham
Local service district of Hammond
Portion of the local service district of Sussex
Portion of the local service district of Johnston
Portion of the local service district of Havelock
Portion of the local service district of Norton
Portion of the local service district of Brunswick
Fundy 9 Fundy Local service district of Petersville
Local service district of Greenwich
Portion of the local service district of Westfield
Portion of the local service district of Kingston
Portion of the local service district of Norton
Portion of the local service district of Saint Martins
Portion of the local service district of Simonds
Local service district of Rothesay
Southwest 10 Southwest Local service district of Dumbarton
Local service district of McAdam
Local service district of West Isles
Local service district of White Head Island
Portion of the local service district of Pennfield
Portion of the local service district of Saint George
Portion of the local service district of Saint James
Portion of the local service district of Western Charlotte
Portion of the local service district of Saint David
Portion of the local service district of Saint Croix
Portion of the local service district of Saint Patrick
Portion of the local service district of Lepreau
Capital Region 11 Capital Region Local service district of Burton
Local service district of Clarendon
Portion of the local service district of Gladstone
Local service district of Maugerville
Local service district of Noonan
Portion of the local service district of Stanley
Portion of the local service district of Sheffield
Portion of the local service district of Canning
Portion of the local service district of New Maryland
Local service district of Blissville
Local service district of Wirral-Enniskillen
Portion of the local service district of Bright
Portion of the local service district of Prince William
Portion of the local service district of Saint Mary’s
Portion of the local service district of Chipman
Portion of the local service district of Dumfries
Portion of the local service district of Southampton
Portion of the local service district of Northfield
Portion of the local service district of Manners Sutton
Portion of the local service district of Douglas
Portion of the local service district of Waterborough
Portion of the local service district of Rusagonis-Waasis
Western Valley 12 Western Valley Portion of the local service district of Gordon
Portion of the local service district of Kent
Portion of the local service district of Lorne
Portion of the local service district of Perth
Local service district of Denmark
Portion of the local service district of Andover

Controversy and Criticism

[edit]

Throughout the reform process there have been accusation of inaccessibility and communications blunders.

These challenges were exacerbated in October 2022 when more than 260,000 households were mailed the wrong information about local elections by Elections New Brunswick. https://tj.news/telegraph-journal/101979836?ref=alert?ref=alert While all local governance entities whose populations increased by more than 15% as a result of amalgamation or incorporation were required to hold either a by-election or general election in the 2022 New Brunswick Local Government Elections (WP 62), a mix up in the files sent by Elections New Brunswick resulted in many electors recieing a letter mistakenly indicating they are not having an election and vice versa. https://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/news/news_release.2022.10.0555.html


Other elements were implemented piecemeal. Elements including the establishment of an expert panel on equalization, the de-coupling apartments from the non-owner occupied residential tax class, (https://tj.news/revalidate-tokens-redirect?redirectUrl=/telegraph-journal/101990247?ref=alert?ref=alert), probably mroe were not mentioned in the white paper.