User:Hieraths1/sandbox

This is my sandbox

FIRST DRAFT MATERIAL:

INTRO An addictive personality refers to a particular set of personality traits that may increase the probablity that an individual may suffer from addiction. make an individual predisposed to addictions.[1] People who are substance dependent are characterized by: a physical or psychological dependency that negatively impacts the quality of life.[1] They are frequently connected with substance abuse; however, people with addictive personalities are also highly at risk of becoming addicted to other activities such as gambling, food, pornography, exercise, work, and even relationships (codependency).[1] Scientists have been better able to understand addictive personalities as researchers delve further into understanding the chemistry of addiction[1] Alan R. Lang of Florida State University, author of an addiction study prepared for the National Academy of Sciences, said, "If we can better identify the personality factors, they can help us devise better treatment and can open up new strategies to intervene and break the patterns of addiction."[1] Currently the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) does not identify Addictive Personality as a legitimate Personality disorder.

DESCRIPTION An addictive personality disorder could potentially may be defined as a psychological set of traits setback that makes a person more susceptible or predisposed to develop to addictions. This can include anything from drug and alcohol abuse to pornography, gambling, Internet, videogames, food, exercise, work and even relationships with others.[2] Experts describe the spectrum of behaviors designated as addictive in terms of five interrelated concepts which include: patterns, habits, compulsions, impulse control disorders, and physical addiction.[2] An individual is considered to be at the risk of developing such addictions when he/she displays signs of impulsive behavior, nonconformity combined with a weak commitment to the goals for achievement valued by the society, a sense of social alienation, and a sense of heightened stress.[1] Such a person may switch from one addiction to another; or even sustain multiple addictions at different times.[2]

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS People who are suffering from addiction addictive personality disorder are currently defined to have a "brain disease" as promoted by the National Institute on Drug Abuse and other authorities.[3] People suffering from addiction may be much more sensitive with addictive personalities are very much sensitive to stress. They may struggle to handle have trouble handling situations that they deem frustrating, even if the event is for a very short duration. They may also often lack self-esteem and can will show impulsive behavior such as excessive caffeine consumption, Internet usage, eating of chocolates or other sugar-laden foods, television watching, or even running.[1] Extraversion, self-monitoring, and loneliness are also common characteristics associated with found in those who suffer from addiction.[4] Individuals who score high on self-monitoring are more prone to developing an addiction.[4] High self-monitors are sensitive to social situations;[4] they act how they think others expect them to act. All they want to do is fit in, hence they are very easily influenced by others. Likewise, those who have low self-esteem also seek peer-approval, therefore they participate in "attractive" activities such as smoking or drinking to try to fit in.[4] People who tend to suffer from addiction may suffering from APD find it difficult to manage their stress levels. In fact, lack of stress tolerance could be is a telltale sign of the proposed disorder.[2] They find it difficult to face stressful situations and fight hard to get out of such conditions. Long-term goals prove difficult to achieve because people with APD usually focus on the stress that comes with getting through the short-term goals.[2] People with such personality traits may Such personalities will often switch to other enjoyable activities the moment that they are deprived of enjoyment in their previous addiction.[2] Addictive individuals may feel highly insecure when it comes to relationships. They may often find it difficult to make commitments in relationships or trust their beloved because of the difficulty they find in achieving long-term goals.[1] Some individuals They constantly seek approval of others and as a result, these behaviors misunderstandings may contribute to the destruction of relationships. People suffering from addiction addictive personality disorder usually also suffer from undergo depression and anxiety, managing their emotions by developing addiction to alcohol, other types of drugs, or other pleasurable activities.[1] An addict is more prone to depression, anxiety, and anger.[5] Both the addict's environment,genetics and biological tendency contribute to their addiction.[5] People with very severe personality disorders are more likely to become addicts. Addictive substances usually stop primary and secondary neuroses meaning people with personality disorders like the relief from their pain.[5]

Compulsive buying

Another form of behavior associated with people who may suffer from an addictive personality is compulsive buying disorder. Compulsive buying is different from regular consumers and different from hoarding because it is about the process of buying.[9] It is not about the items bought. In fact, these items are usually never used and are just put away.[9] They are only bought purely for the sake of buying. People who are addicted to buying describe it as a high or say that it gives them a buzz.[9] Often, when someone suffering from this is depressed, they will go out and buy items to make themselves feel better. However, compulsive buying obviously has some negative affects. Such as financial debt, psychological issues, and interpersonal and marital conflict.[9] To those who suffer from compulsive buying, to them, the act is the same as using a drug.[9]

People who suffer from compulsive buying usually suffer from another disorder. One study found that 20% of compulsive buyers also suffer from an eating disorder.[10] Other disorders that go hand in hand include mood disorders, depression, and anxiety. Compulsive buying causes these psychological problems because sufferers become dependent and addicted to it.[10] Compulsive buying puts the person in a positive mood at the time. But afterwards, the person feels intense guilt and anxiety of their purchases.[10] Treatment for compulsive buying, at this point in time, only includes cognitive behavioral therapy.[9] One way to prevent compulsive buying is education. One study found that adolescents who have taken a class or course about financial education and planning were less likely to impulsively buy products.[10] This is a trend that could eventually lead to compulsive buying.

[edit] Cell phone use

Another form of behavior that may be associated with someone who possesses addictive personality traits is problematic cell phone use. A recent study indicates that people who are addicted to their cell phones share common traits with those who suffer from an addictive personality or addiction.[4] Characteristics such as self-monitoring, low self-esteem, and peer approval-motivation are commonly found in those who are addicted to their cell phones as well as those who suffer from any other addiction such as alcoholism.[4] Despite personality characteristics leading to addictive tendencies, cell phones themselves can partly be blamed for causing addiction. Improvements in cell phones such as GPS, music players, cameras, web browsing, and e-mail can make them an indispensable instrument to an individual.[4] Technological advancements reinforce the over-attachment people have to their cell phones, thus contributing to addiction addictive personality.[4]

SECOND DRAFT MATERIAL (blue):

INTRO

The term Addictive Personality refers to a type of personality that consists of certain traits which may increase the probability that an individual could suffer from addiction, also known as substance dependence. An addictive personality refers to a particular set of personality traits that may increase the probablity that an individual may suffer from addiction. make an individual predisposed to addictions.[1] People who are substance dependent are characterized by: a physical or psychological dependency that negatively impacts the quality of life.[1] They are frequently connected with substance abuse; however, people with addictive personalities are also highly at risk of becoming addicted to other activities such as gambling, food, pornography, exercise, work, and even relationships (codependency).[1] Scientists have been better able to understand addictive personalities as researchers delve further into understanding the chemistry of addiction[1] Alan R. Lang of Florida State University, author of an addiction study prepared for the National Academy of Sciences, said, "If we can better identify the personality factors, they can help us devise better treatment and can open up new strategies to intervene and break the patterns of addiction."[1] Currently the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) does not identify Addictive Personality Disorder as a legitimate Personality disorder. The majority of research that has been conducted with respect to addiction and personality mostly focuses on how different individuals respond or experience addiction, and also what contributes to the likelihood of developing an addiction.

DESCRIPTION

An addictive personality disorder could potentially may be defined as a psychological set of traits setback that makes a person more susceptible or predisposed to develop to addictions. This can include anything from drug and alcohol abuse to pornography, gambling, Internet, videogames, food, exercise, work and even relationships with others.[2] Experts describe the spectrum of behaviors designated as addictive in terms of five interrelated concepts which include: patterns, habits, compulsions, impulse control disorders, and physical addiction.[2] An individual is considered to be at the risk of developing such addictions when he/she displays signs of impulsive behavior, nonconformity combined with a weak commitment to the goals for achievement valued by the society, a sense of social alienation, and a sense of heightened stress.[1] Such a person may switch from one addiction to another; or even sustain multiple addictions at different times.[2]

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

People who are suffering from addiction addictive personality disorder are currently defined to have a "brain disease" as promoted by the National Institute on Drug Abuse and other authorities.[3] People suffering from addiction may be much more sensitive with addictive personalities are very much sensitive to stress. They may struggle to handle have trouble handling situations that they deem frustrating, even if the event is for a very short duration. They may also often lack self-esteem and can will show impulsive behavior such as excessive caffeine consumption, Internet usage, eating of chocolates or other sugar-laden foods, television watching, or even running.[1] Extraversion, self-monitoring, and loneliness are also common characteristics associated with found in those who suffer from addiction.[4] Individuals who score high on self-monitoring are more prone to developing an addiction.[4] High self-monitors are sensitive to social situations;[4] they act how they think others expect them to act. All they want to do is fit in, hence they are very easily influenced by others. Likewise, those who have low self-esteem also seek peer-approval, therefore they participate in "attractive" activities such as smoking or drinking to try to fit in.[4] People who tend to suffer from addiction may suffering from an addictive personality APD find it difficult to manage their stress levels. In fact, lack of stress tolerance could be is a telltale sign of the proposed disorder.[2] They find it difficult to face stressful situations and fight hard to get out of such conditions. Long-term goals prove difficult to achieve because people with an addictive personality APD usually focus on the stress that comes with getting through the short-term goals.[2] People with such personality traits may Such personalities will often switch to other enjoyable activities the moment that they are deprived of enjoyment in their previous addiction.[2] Addictive individuals may feel highly insecure when it comes to relationships. They may often find it difficult to make commitments in relationships or trust their beloved because of the difficulty they find in achieving long-term goals.[1] Some individuals They constantly seek approval of others and as a result, these behaviors misunderstandings may contribute to the destruction of relationships. People suffering from addiction addictive personality disorder usually also suffer from undergo depression and anxiety, managing their emotions by developing addiction to alcohol, other types of drugs, or other pleasurable activities.[1] An addict is more prone to depression, anxiety, and anger.[5] Both the addict's environment,genetics and biological tendency contribute to their addiction.[5] People with very severe personality disorders are more likely to become addicts. Addictive substances usually stop primary and secondary neuroses meaning people with personality disorders like the relief from their pain.[5]

Compulsive buying

Another form of behavior associated with people who may suffer from an addictive personality is compulsive buying disorder. Compulsive buying is different from regular consumers and different from hoarding because it is about the process of buying.[9] It is not about the items bought. In fact, these items are usually never used and are just put away.[9] They are only bought purely for the sake of buying. People who are addicted to buying describe it as a high or say that it gives them a buzz.[9] Often, when someone suffering from this is depressed, they will go out and buy items to make themselves feel better. However, compulsive buying obviously has some negative affects. Such as financial debt, psychological issues, and interpersonal and marital conflict.[9] To those who suffer from compulsive buying, to them, the act is the same as using a drug.[9] People who suffer from compulsive buying usually suffer from another disorder. One study found that 20% of compulsive buyers also suffer from an eating disorder.[10] Other disorders that go hand in hand include mood disorders, depression, and anxiety. Compulsive buying causes these psychological problems because sufferers become dependent and addicted to it.[10] Compulsive buying puts the person in a positive mood at the time. But afterwards, the person feels intense guilt and anxiety of their purchases.[10] Treatment for compulsive buying, at this point in time, only includes cognitive behavioral therapy.[9] One way to prevent compulsive buying is education. One study found that adolescents who have taken a class or course about financial education and planning were less likely to impulsively buy products.[10] This is a trend that could eventually lead to compulsive buying.

[edit] Cell phone use

Another form of behavior that may be associated with someone who possesses addictive personality traits is problematic cell phone use. A recent study indicates that people who are addicted to their cell phones share common traits with those who suffer from an addictive personality or addiction.[4] Characteristics such as self-monitoring, low self-esteem, and peer approval-motivation are commonly found in those who are addicted to their cell phones as well as those who suffer from any other addiction such as alcoholism.[4] Despite personality characteristics leading to addictive tendencies, cell phones themselves can partly be blamed for causing addiction. Improvements in cell phones such as GPS, music players, cameras, web browsing, and e-mail can make them an indispensable instrument to an individual.[4] Technological advancements reinforce the over-attachment people have to their cell phones, thus contributing to addiction addictive personality.[4]

[Background Information about Addiction] [To be inserted before the list of potential addictions]

There are many different factors that can impact an individual with respect to addiction. Typically with substance abuse, and individual will become not only behaviorally addicted to the substance, but also physiologically addicted. In order to be considered addicted to a substance or even activity, an individual must experience two key things: tolerance and withdrawal. When an individual who suffers from physiological dependence reaches a point when they require more of the substance in order to experience the same effect is said to have a tolerance for that substance. When a physiologically dependent individual begins to experience negative physical symptoms such as vomiting, headaches and sometimes tremors from not having ingested the substance this individual is said to be experiencing withdrawal. Both withdrawal and tolerance are signs of addiction and can be experienced with both the substances and the activities listed below (Barlow 2012).

It should also be mentioned that dependence can occur without abuse. Dependence basically occurs when the body becomes used to the substance or activity of interest. It is when this substance or activity no longer achieves the same effects as before, or when it’s effects are physically “missed” by the body that an individual is considered dependence. If the substance or activity is experienced frequently enough, it will not take long before dependence sets in, even if the level of exposure is nowhere near harmful or abusive.

[Factors that contribute to addiction]

Environmental

Individuals who are brought up in households where substances are abused are at a greater risk of later developing addictions. (Plan to expand)

Biological

There is research to suggest that our biology plays a role in addiction. Some individuals may possess certain traits that predispose them to developing addictions. (Plan to expand)

Behavioral

Physiological dependence, also known as addiction, can be developed through repeated and frequent exposure to certain substances or activities. (Plan to expand)

All of the information I added to the article for this draft came from my book source, citation listed below:

(Reference formatting is correct in word doc, can't get it to work through here)

Treatment of Substance-Related Disorders. (2012). In David Barlow & V. Durand., Abnormal Psychology, (6th ed., pp. 419-424). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Retrieved March 5, 2012 , from engage Learning's eText Collection. via Cengage Learning's eText Collection.: http://vrle.go.galegroup.com:80/vrle/start.do?prod=VRL&userGroupName=36c1b15 fead363ec:-bd86eac:132e328d071:-6e27&eISBN=9781111357191