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User:Ichthyovenator/List of rulers of Thessaloniki

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Kingdom of Thessalonica, 1204–1224

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Image Name Rule Title/rank Succession & notes Ref
Boniface of Montferrat
Bonifacio del Monferrato
Βονιφάτιος Μομφερρατικός
(Vonifatios Momferratikos)
1204–1207 King of Thessalonica
Demetrius of Montferrat
Demetrio di Monferrato
Δημήτριος Μομφερρατικός
(Dēmētrios Momferratikos)
1207–1224 King of Thessalonica

Empire of Thessalonica, 1224–1246

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Image Name Rule Title/rank Succession & notes Ref
Theodore Komnenos Doukas
Θεόδωρος Κομνηνὸς Δούκας
(Theodōros Komnēnos Doukas)
1224–1230 Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans Previously the Despot of Epirus; captured Thessaloniki in 1224 and proclaimed himself Byzantine emperor, aiming to eventually capture Constantinople. [1]
Manuel Komnenos Doukas
Μανουήλ Κομνηνὸς Δούκας
(Manouēl Komnēnos Doukas)
1230–1237 Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans
John Komnenos Doukas
Ιωάννης Κομνηνὸς Δούκας
(Iōannēs Komnēnos Doukas)
1237–1244 Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans
(1237–1242)
Despot
(1242–1244)
Demetrios Angelos Doukas
Δημήτριος Ἀγγελοδούκας
(Dēmētrios Angelodoukas)
1244–1246 Despot

Under the Laskaris and Palaiologos dynasties, 1246–1423

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Image Name Rule Title/rank Succession & notes Ref
Andronikos Palaiologos
Ανδρόνικος Παλαιολόγος
(Andronikos Palaiologos)
1246–1248/1252 Governor
(praetor)
Theodore Philes
Θεόδωρος Φιλῆς
(Theodōros Philēs)
1248/1252–1254 Governor
(kephale)
Alexios Kaballarios
Ἀλέξιος Καβαλλάριος
(Alexios Kaballarios)
c. 1270–1273/1275 Governor
(kephale)
John Palaiologos
Ιωάννης Παλαιολόγος
(Iōannēs Palaiologos)
1304–1307 Despot
Constantine Palaiologos
Κωνσταντῖνος Δούκας Κομνηνός Παλαιολόγος
(Kōnstantinos Doukas Komnēnos Palaiologos)
1321–1322 Despot
John Palaiologos
Ιωάννης Παλαιολόγος
(Iōannēs Palaiologos)
c. 1325/1326 Caesar
Demetrios Palaiologos
Δημήτριος Παλαιολόγος
(Dēmētrios Palaiologos)
1327–1328 Despot
George Choumnos
Γεώργιος Χοῦμνος
(Geōrgios Choūmnos)
c. 1328 Governor
(kephale)
Syrgiannes Palaiologos
Συργιάννης Παλαιολόγος Φιλανθρωπηνός
(Syrgiannes Palaiologos Philanthropenos)
1329–1333 Governor
(kephale)
Theodore Synadenos
Θεόδωρος Κομνηνός Δούκας Παλαιολόγος Συναδηνός
(Theodōros Komnēnos Doukas Palaiologos Synadenos)
1340–1342 Governor
(protostrator)
Michael Monomachos
Μιχαὴλ Σεναχηρείμ Μονομάχος
(Mikhaēl Senachereim Monomachos)
1342–1343 Governor
(eparchos)
John Vatatzes
Ιωάννης Βατάτζης
(Iōannēs Vatatzēs)
1343–1344 Governor
(protokynegos)
John Apokaukos
Ἱωάννης Ἀπόκαυκος
(Iōannēs Apokaukos)
1344–1345 Governor
(megas primikerios)
1345–1350: Thessaloniki is under the control of the Zealots of Thessalonica, led by Andreas Palaiologos and Michael Palaiologos. The zealots are deposed by the locals in 1349, and Emperor John V Palaiologos makes a triumphal entry into the city in 1350.
George Synadenos Astras
Γεώργιος Συναδηνός Ἀστρᾶς
(Geōrgios Synadenos Astras)
1364–1368 Governor
(kephale)
Manuel II Palaiologos
Μανουήλ Παλαιολόγος
(Manouēl Palaiologos)
1369–1373 Despot [2]
1387–1403: The Ottoman Empire besieged Thessaloniki in 1383, finally capturing it in 1387 after a lengthy siege.[3] The city was under Ottoman control until it was diplomatically returned to the Byzantines in 1403.[2]
John VII Palaiologos
Ιωάννης Παλαιολόγος
(Iōannēs Palaiologos)

with

Andronikos V Palaiologos
Ανδρόνικος Παλαιολόγος
(Andronikos Palaiologos)
1403–1408 Emperor of All Thessaly Previously briefly Byzantine emperor in 1390, having usurped the throne from John V Palaiologos. Granted Thessaloniki as a semi-independent appanage in 1403 after the city was regained from the Ottomans. His imperial title was purely nominal. [2]
XXXX–XXXX Emperor of All Thessaly Son of John Palaiologos; made junior co-emperor by his father as a child. Predeceased John VII, dying at the age of seven.
Andronikos Palaiologos
Ανδρόνικος Παλαιολόγος
(Andronikos Palaiologos)
1408–1423 Despot Son of Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos, granted the title of Despot and rule over Thessaloniki as a semi-independent appanage after the death of John VII Palaiologos. [2]

Andronikos Palaiologos was the last Byzantine governor of the city. In 1423, Emperor John VIII Palaiologos, Andronikos's brother, ceded the city to the Republic of Venice to prevent it from falling to the Ottoman Empire, which was besieging it at the time.[4]

References

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  1. ^ Goodyear 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d Necipoğlu 2009, p. 39.
  3. ^ Vacalopoulos 1973, pp. 59–64.
  4. ^ Nicol 1992, pp. 5–7.

Bibliography

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  • Necipoğlu, Nevra (2009). Byzantium Between the Ottomans and the Latins: Politics and Society in the Late Empire. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1107403888.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
  • Nicol, Donald M. (1992). The Immortal Emperor: The Life and Legend of Constantine Palaiologos, Last Emperor of the Romans. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0511583698.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
  • Vacalopoulos, Apostolos E. (1973). History of Macedonia 1354–1833. Translated by Peter Megann. Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies. OCLC 220583971.

Web sources

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  • Goodyear, Michael (2020). "Despotate of Epirus". Ancient History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 11 November 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link) CS1 maint: url-status (link)