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Name
[edit]As a consequence of Roman customs, society, and personal preference, Claudius' full name varied throughout his life:
- Tiberius Claudius D. f. Ti. n. Drusus, the cognomen Drusus being inherited from his father as his brother Germanicus, as the eldest son, inherited the cognomen Nero when their uncle the future Emperor Tiberius was adopted by Augustus into the Julii Caesares and the victory name (agnomen) Germanicus from their father. [1]
- Tiberius Claudius D. f. Ti. n. Nero, the cognomen Nero devolved to Claudius as the head of the Claudii Nerones after his elder brother was also adopted adopted by Tiberius as required by Augustus into the Julii Caesares in AD 9. Germanicus kept the and the victory Germanicus as a praenomen, becoming Germanicus Julius Caesar. His son, Caligula, was known as Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus, keeping the victory title, and later was known as Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus. Some authories consider that his full name may have been Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero Germanicus.[a]
- Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus While Claudius had never been formally adopted either by Augustus or his successors, he was nevertheless the grandson of Augustus's sister Octavia, and so he felt that he had the right of family. He also adopted the name "Augustus" as the two previous emperors had done at their accessions. He kept the honorific "Germanicus" to display the connection with his heroic brother and father. He deified his paternal grandmother Livia to highlight her position as wife of the divine Augustus. Claudius frequently used the term "filius Drusi" (son of Drusus) in his titles, to remind the people of his legendary father and lay claim to his reputation.[6]
Family tree of Appius Caecus
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Dictator |
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Censor |
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Consul | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ap. Crassus Inregillensis dict. 362, cos. 349 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| C. Inregillensis dict. 337 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ap. Caecus cens. 312 cos. 307, 296 dict. c.285 | Ap. Caudex cos. 264 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ap. Russus cos. 268 | Ti. Nero | P. Pulcher cos 249 | C. Centho cos 240, cens. 225 dict. 213 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ti. Nero | P. Nero | Ap. Pulcher cos. 212 | C. Centho leg. 200 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| C. Nero cos. 207 cens. 204 | Ti. Nero cos. 202 | Ap. Nero pr. 195 | Ap. Pulcher cos. 185 | P. Pulcher cos. 184 | C. Pulcher cos. 177 cens. 169 | Ap. Centho pr. 175 | C. Centho leg. 155 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CLaudii Marcelli
[edit]- ^ Suetonius, Claudius 2.1; "Claudius was born at Lugdunum on the Kalends of Augustus in the consulship of Iullus Antonius and Fabius Africanus, the very day when an altar was first dedicated to Augustus in that town, and he received the name of Tiberius Claudius Drusus. Later, on the adoption of his elder brother into the Julian family, he took the surname [of] Germanicus".
- ^ Simpson, pp. 365–366.
- ^ Hurley, p. 68.
- ^ Stuart, p. 318 (note 7).
- ^ Levick 2015, pp. 11, 21–22.
- ^ Levick 2015, p. 51.
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