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Composition

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"On [11 June 1917] Mr. Lloyd George announced that the constitution of the Convention had been settled. He explained that the total number of the Convention would be 101 an unwieldy number, he admitted, but it was impossible to have a small body in which all interests would be represented, as it was essential they should be, if an agreement was to secure the adhesion of the country."[1]

Composition of the Irish convention[1][2]
Representing Number Nomination Notes
Type Subtype
The Crown 15 The government Included two Sinn Féin sympathisers due Sinn Féin's refusal. PLunkett tried to help GB Shaw get nominated.[3]
Local government Counties and county boroughs 33 Chairman or (lord) mayor of each council Kerry County Council refused.
Urban districts and non-county boroughs 8 Two from each of the four provinces How selected? Did each urban area get one vote?
Churches Roman Catholic 4 bishops Met at St Patrick's College, Maynooth 19 June 1917 and "unanimously" agreed to accept, despite earlier doubts.[4] Appointees probably later; Plunkett's diary of 2 July suggests it was news then.
Church of Ireland 2 archbishops Only two to select
Presbyterian 1 Moderator of the General Assembly
Business 3 Belfast, Dublin, and Cork chambers of commerce
Labour 7 Belfast, Dublin, and Cork trades councils Originally 5; increased due to refusals. Dublin and Cork councils refused to participate.[5]
Political parties Irish Nationalist Party 5 By party
Ulster Unionist Party 5
Irish Unionist Alliance 5 for Southern unionists
Separatists 5 Arthur Griffith's Sinn Féin party refused. Of the broader Sinn Féin tendency, Lloyd George said, "There remains the question of representation of Sinn Fein. Certain spokesmen of associations which profess Separatist doctrines have warned us that they will not enter the Convention. We hope that some recognised spokesmen of opinions not voiced by the Irish Parties present in this House will be heard in the Convention, and for this purpose we shall reserve five places."[2]
All-for-Ireland League 2 Refused. Plunkett suggested William O'Brien might reconsider if it were agreed that the Convention's recommendations be put to a popular vote.[6]
Irish representative peers 2

Members

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Members of the Irish convention[7][8][9]
Name Representing Meetings attended Report signed Notes
James Hamilton, 3rd Duke of Abercorn Loc gov: county: Tyrone 43
Robert Newton Anderson Loc gov: county: Derry city[n 1] (Mayor) 48 Knighted during the convention
Edward H. Andrews Business 50 Dublin Chamber of Commerce
Henry Armstrong Loc gov: county: Armagh 46
Hugh T. Barrie Parties: Ulster Unionist 48 MP for North Londonderry
Michael K. Barry Loc gov: county: Cork county 40 From Newmarket[10]
John Bernard Religion: Church of Ireland 51 Archbishop of Dublin
Sir Henry Arthur Blake Parties: Irish Unionist Alliance 21 Died 23 Feb 1918.
John Bolger Loc gov: county: Wexford 50
William Broderick Loc gov: urban: Munster 49 Vice-chair of Youghal urban district council
John Butler Loc gov: county: Kilkenny 15
Thomas C. Butterfield Loc gov: county: Cork city (Lord Mayor) 40
John Byrne Loc gov: county: Queen's (now Laois) 10
J. J. Clancy Parties: Irish Nationalist 38 MP for North County Dublin
Sir George Clark, 1st Baronet Parties: Ulster Unionist 37 Former MP for Belfast North; co-founder of Workman, Clark shipbuilders
James Jackson Clark Loc gov: county: Londonderry county[n 2] 45 Colonel. Son of James Johnston Clark and grandfather of James Chichester-Clark.
James J. Coen Loc gov: county: Westmeath 48
Daniel Condren Loc gov: county: Wicklow 45
Robert Sharman-Crawford Loc gov: county: Down 47 MP for Belfast East
John Crozier Religion: Church of Ireland 50 Archbishop of Armagh
Patrick Dempsey Government nominee 48 Member of Belfast City Council
Hamilton Cuffe, 5th Earl of Desart Government nominee 48
Joseph Devlin Parties: Irish Nationalist 40 MP for Belfast West
John Dooly Loc gov: county: King's (now Offaly) 50
William A. Doran Loc gov: county: Louth 48 Methodist JP from Ardee; joined the National Volunteers, became a captain in the war, and received leave from the front to attend the conference.[11]
Thomas Duggan Loc gov: county: Tipperary North Riding 49
James Dunlevy Loc gov: county: Donegal 9
Windham Wyndham-Quin, 4th Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl Government nominee 34
Thomas Fallon Loc gov: county: Leitrim 50
John Fitzgibbon Loc gov: county: Roscommon 43 MP for South Mayo
John Flanagan Loc gov: urban: Connacht 46 Chair of Ballina urban district council
Hugh Garahan Loc gov: county: Longford 51
Sir William Goulding, 1st Baronet Government nominee 48 Cork businessman; son of MP William Goulding (1817–1884)
Michael Governey Loc gov: urban: Leinster 41 Chair of Carlow urban district council
Bernard Forbes, 8th Earl of Granard Government nominee 45
William Gubbins Loc gov: county: Limerick county 48
Stephen Gwynn Parties: Irish Nationalist 51 MP for Galway City
Thomas Halligan Loc gov: county: Meath 51
John Hanna Labour (additional) 51 An Orangeman selected for the convention by the Ulster Unionist Council. Unionist academic Austen Morgan writes, "his claim to represent the shipyards was hollow".[12]
Thomas Harbison Parties: Irish Nationalist 40 Member of Tyrone County Council; won the 1918 East Tyrone by-election after the convention ended.
John Harty Religion: Roman Catholic 44 Archbishop of Cashel
John Irwin Religion: Presbyterian 45
Andrew Jameson Parties: Irish Unionist Alliance 49 Of Jameson Irish Whiskey distillery
James Johnston Loc gov: county: Belfast city (Lord Mayor) 43
Walter MacMurrough Kavanagh Loc gov: county: Carlow 51
Denis Kelly Religion: Roman Catholic 21 Bishop of Ross
Joseph K. Kett Loc gov: county: Clare 45
Michael Elliott Knight Parties: Ulster Unionist 50 Solicitor and Monaghan County Grand Master of the Orange Order.[13]
Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry Parties: Ulster Unionist 43 Brevet lieutenant colonel in the war
Thomas Lundon Labour (additional) 49 Irish Land and Labour Association. MP for Limerick East
Edward E. Lysaght Government nominee 28 Resigned 21 Jan 1918. Later adopted the surname "MacLysaght".
J. Stouppe F. McCance Loc gov: county: Antrim 51
James McCarron Labour 51 Irish Labour Party alderman on Derry City Council
Sir Crawford McCullagh Government nominee 45
Martin McDonogh Loc gov: urban: Connacht 38 Chair of Galway urban district council
Antony MacDonnell, 1st Baron MacDonnell Government nominee 49
James McDonnell Loc gov: county: Galway 43
Sir Alexander McDowell Government nominee 15 Died 21 Mar 1918. Ceased attending during his terminal illness.
James McGarry Loc gov: county: Mayo 44
Henry Grattan MacGeagh Loc gov: urban: Ulster 42 Lurgan urban district council
John McHugh Loc gov: county: Fermanagh 42 Lobbied Plunkett for a relative's career boost.[14]
Charles McKay Labour 51 Shipbuilding and Engineering Trades' Federation
John McMeekan Loc gov: urban: Ulster 39 Bangor urban district council
Alfred R. MacMullen Business 47 Chair of Cork Chamber of Commerce
Joseph MacRory Religion: Roman Catholic 45 Bishop of Down and Connor
John Pentland Mahaffy Government nominee 49 Provost of Trinity College Dublin
Dermot Bourke, 7th Earl of Mayo Parties: Irish representative peers 45
St John Brodrick, 9th Viscount Midleton Parties: Irish Unionist Alliance 48
Matthew Minch Loc gov: county: Kildare 35
John Murphy Labour 51 National Union of Railwaymen
William Martin Murphy Government nominee 43 Former nationalist MP for Dublin St Patrick's. Newspaper proprietor and opponent of the Dublin lock-out.
Patrick O'Donnell Religion: Roman Catholic 51 Bishop of Raphoe
John O'Dowd Loc gov: county: Sligo 45 MP for South Sligo
Charles P. O'Neill Loc gov: urban: Leinster 46 Chair of Pembroke urban district council
Laurence O'Neill Loc gov: county: Dublin city (Lord Mayor) 47
Patrick J. O'Neill Loc gov: county: Dublin county 51 Farmer of Kinsealy House, Malahide
Geoffrey Browne, 3rd Baron Oranmore and Browne Parties: Irish representative peers 48
John J. O'Sullivan Loc gov: county: Waterford city (Mayor) 35
Patrick O'Halloran Peters Loc gov: urban: Munster 39 Mayor of Clonmel
Sir Horace Plunkett Government nominee Invited by Lloyd George on 12 July.[15] Convention chose him as its Chairman.
Hugh MacDowell Pollock Business 45 Belfast Chamber of Commerce
John Blake Powell Parties: Irish Unionist Alliance 42 lawyer
Thomas Power Loc gov: county: Waterford county 47
Sir Stephen Quinn Loc gov: county: Limerick city (Mayor) 42
John Redmond Parties: Irish Nationalist 29 MP for Waterford City. Died 6 Mar 1918.
Daniel Reilly Loc gov: county: Cavan 51
George Russell Government nominee 28 Writer and critic. Resigned 1 Feb 1918.
Michael Slattery Loc gov: county: Tipperary South Riding 51
G. F. Stewart Parties: Irish Unionist Alliance 50
Thomas Toal Loc gov: county: Monaghan 43
Robert Wallace Parties: Ulster Unionist 41 Retired colonel who returned to the reserve during the war.
Robert Waugh Labour 34 Belfast and District Building Trades Federation
Sir William Whitla Government nominee 40
Henry T. Whitley Labour 48 Belfast and District Trades Council
Sir Bertram Windle Government nominee 45

Chair

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Plunkett's diaries:

2 June "The Speaker, apparently, has been offered the chairmanship"
5 June: " I learned that I had been considered as Chairman for the Convention but turned down by the persons consulted (Carson & TP O’Connor I suspect)"
11 June "Chairman to be chosen by Convention or failing that by Gov’t."
23 June "I suggested that Arthur Balfour should preside till the Convention elected its own chairman."
19 Jul Devlin 'thought Redmond (whom Gwynn had recommended) would hardly take it & said “I should not object to you”. I said the Ulstermen would.'
21 Jul James Campbell, 1st Baron Glenavy and Dunraven each want to chair
24 Jul "Saw [H. E.] Duke about the Convention. He told me he would preside over it if asked by the delegates and he made it quite clear that he would try in his opening speech & by the procedure for choosing the Chairman (a small nominated C’tee of selection) to be asked" and "Redmond ... was all for Duke"
25 Jul "The difficulty was that Nationalist Ireland wanted me & Unionist Ireland didn’t. Midleton was chief opponent to my claims & tried Hopwood for Chairman. Rightly the Nat’s objected to an Eng[lish] chairman for an Irish Convention. M. really wanted an English judge but did not dare to propose it. Finally I was agreed to on condition Hopwood was secretary  the very thing I should have asked for!"

References

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Footnotes

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  1. ^ Officially Londonderry; see Derry/Londonderry name dispute
  2. ^ Also called Derry (see Derry/Londonderry name dispute). Wells and Marlowe have typo "Kerry" instead of "Derry".[8][7] (Kerry declined to nominate.[1])

Citations

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  1. ^ a b c Wells and Marlowe (1918) pp. 45–46
  2. ^ a b Lloyd George, David (11 June 1917). "Composition Of Convention; Death Of Major Redmond, M.P.". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Vol. s5 v94. HC. col. 612–614.
  3. ^ Plunkett diaries 19 Jul 1917
  4. ^ Horace Plunkett diaries, 14–20 June 1917
  5. ^ McDowell 1970, p.85
  6. ^ Plunkett diary 29 June 1917
  7. ^ a b Irish Convention (1918) pp. 52–53
  8. ^ a b Wells and Marlowe (1918) pp.97–99
  9. ^ McDowell 1970, pp.218–227
  10. ^ "Newmarket Notes; Fine Gael News". The Corkman. 18 June 2009. p. 20. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
  11. ^ Hall, Donal (2010). "Partition and County Louth". Journal of the County Louth Archaeological and Historical Society. 27 (2): 243–283: 253–255. ISSN 0070-1327. JSTOR 41433023.
  12. ^ Morgan, Austen (1991). Labour and Partition: The Belfast Working Class, 1905–1923. Pluto Press. p. 217. ISBN 978-0-7453-0326-0.
  13. ^ Fitzpatrick, David (2014). Descendancy. Cambridge University Press. p. 56. ISBN 978-1-107-08093-5. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
  14. ^ McDowell 1970 p.zzz
  15. ^ Plunkett diaries 12 July 1917

Sources

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