User:Lnogrady/Populus heterophylla
| Lnogrady/Populus heterophylla | |
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| Species: | P. heterophylla
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Populus heterophylla, also known as downy poplar,[1] swamp poplar[1] and swamp cottonwood,[2] is a large deciduous poplar belonging to the Populus genus of the family Salicaceae. This species can grow on sites that may be too wet for other native poplars.[3] On the IUCN Red List this species is listed as "least concern".[4]
Description
[edit]Swamp poplar can reach a height 50 to 100 ft at maturity.[2] The trunk and branches are a light to medium grey, with the trunk being coarsely furrowed.[2] The leaves are alternate deciduous that are 4-6 inches long and 3-4 inches across[2]. Mature leaves are medium to dark green on their upper surface and pale green on the lower surface.[2] Petioles are 2-3 inches long and tend to be between pale green or pale yellow.[2] This species is pollinated by wind.[3] This species flowers in April and fruits May-June.[1]
Habitat
[edit]Location
[edit]This species is indigenous to warm, temperate regions in North America, although nowhere is it considered abundant. It is found in wet bottomland forests.[3] Swamp cottonwood can be found along the eastern seaboard of the United States from Connecticut and southeastern New York to Georgia and northwestern Florida, west to Louisiana[3]. It also grows north in the Mississippi Valley to southeastern Missouri, western Tennessee, Kentucky, southern Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and southern Michigan[3]. ** this was changed on article**
Soils and Topography
[edit]Populus heterophylla is typically found on heavy clays, but can be found on the edges of swamps (not within).[3] Ideal growth will happen in areas where the water table is near the surface for all but 2-3 months a year.[3]
Climate
[edit]Humid climate is common throughout the range of the swamp poplar.[3] Rainfall varies for this species based on how far north it is found. When found in Indiana the average annual rainfall is about 35 in (890 cm); as opposed to when found in Louisiana average annual rainfall is 59 in (1500 mm).[3] Yearly average temperatures range in the North and South from 50ºF to 70ºF respectively[3].
Special Uses
[edit]There are no special uses or commercial value for this species due to the similarity to Populus deltoides, which grows faster and easier.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c "Populus heterophylla in Flora of North America @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2020-04-23.
- ^ a b c d e f "Swamp Cottonwood (Populus heterophylla)". www.illinoiswildflowers.info. Retrieved 2020-04-23.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Populus heterophyfla L". srs.fs.usda.gov. Retrieved 2020-04-23.[1]
- ^ Smith (IUCN), Kevin (2015-04-01). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Populus heterophylla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2020-04-23.
External links
[edit]- USDA Forest Service: Silvics of Trees of North America. Populus heterophylla L. Swamp Cottonwood
- USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service: Plant Profiles. Populus heterophylla L. swamp cottonwood
heterophylla Category:Trees of the Eastern United States Category:Trees of the Southeastern United States Category:Plants described in 1753
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