User:Mar4d/Kashmir banega Pakistan

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Kashmir banega Pakistan (Urdu: کشمیر بنےگا پاکستان; literally "Kashmir will become Pakistan") is a slogan often used by Kashmiri nationalists in support of Kashmir's accession to Pakistan.

Etymology[edit]

The term literally means "Kashmir will become Pakistan" although the meaningful definition is "Kashmir will become part of Pakistan" or "Kashmir shall become part of Pakistan".

Uses[edit]

According to Sumantra Bose, the Kashmir banega Pakistan ideology has "resonance" with one of three segments of the Kashmir Valley's population – those who aspire independence from India and integration with Pakistan (the other two segments being those Kashmiris who desire independence from both countries and those who identify as pro-India).^[1] The Hizbul Mujahideen (HM), a Kashmiri guerrilla group in Kashmir involved in an insurgency against the Indian state, was formed in 1989 under the rallying cry "Kashmir banega Pakistan!" in contrast to the slogan used by the Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) "Kashmir banega khudmukhtar!" (Kashmir will be sovereign).^[2] According to Bose, the HM was formed as a rallying point by pro-Pakistani Kashmiris in an effort of armed resistance against brutal counterinsurgency efforts by India, and to counter the independence narrative espoused by the JKLF. The JKLF notably declined as a rebel group later in the 1990s, and eventually became replaced by the HM, which not only demonstrated greater resilience, but is now also the largest armed resistance force currently active in Kashmir.^[2]

The slogan is widely used in Pakistan as an expression of support to Kashmir's unification with Pakistan.^[3]

References[edit]

^ Bose, Sumantra (2005). Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace. Harvard University Press. pp. 130, 181. ISBN 9780674028555.
^ ^a ^b Heiberg, Marianne; O'Leary, Brendan; Tirman, John (2007). Terror, Insurgency, and the State: Ending Protracted Conflicts. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 235. ISBN 9780812239744.
^ Chadha, Behera Navnita. Demystifying Kashmir. Pearson Education India. p. 102. ISBN 9788131708460.

[1] Bose, Sumantra (2005). Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace. Harvard University Press. pp. 130, 181. ISBN 9780674028555.

[Heiberg-2] Heiberg, Marianne; O'Leary, Brendan; Tirman, John (2007). Terror, Insurgency, and the State: Ending Protracted Conflicts. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 235. ISBN 9780812239744.

[3] Chadha, Behera Navnita. Demystifying Kashmir. Pearson Education India. p. 102. ISBN 9788131708460.

[1]

[2]

[3]

Etymology[edit]

Uses[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]