User:Mr. Ibrahem/Ergocalciferol
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| Clinical data | |
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| Trade names | Drisdol, Calcidol, others |
| Other names | viosterol |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a616042 |
| License data | |
| Legal status | |
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| Identifiers | |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C28H44O |
| Molar mass | 396.659 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Melting point | 114 to 118 °C (237 to 244 °F) |
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Ergocalciferol, also known as vitamin D2 and calciferol, is a type of vitamin D found in food and used as a dietary supplement.[2] As a supplement it is used to prevent and treat vitamin D deficiency.[3] This includes vitamin D deficiency due to poor absorption by the intestines or liver disease.[4] It may also be used for low blood calcium due to hypoparathyroidism.[4] It is used by mouth or injection into a muscle.[3][4]
Excessive doses can result in increased urine production, high blood pressure, kidney stones, kidney failure, weakness, and constipation.[5] If high doses are taken for a long period of time, tissue calcification may occur.[4] It is recommended that people on high doses have their blood calcium levels regularly checked.[3] Normal doses are safe in pregnancy.[6] It works by increasing the amount of calcium absorbed by the intestines and kidneys.[5] Food in which it is found include some mushrooms.[7]
Ergocalciferol was first described in 1936.[8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[9] Ergocalciferol is available as a generic medication and over the counter.[5] In the United Kingdom a typical dose costs the NHS less than £10 a month.[3] In 2017, it was the 55th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 14 million prescriptions.[10][11] Certain foods such as breakfast cereal and margarine have ergocalciferol added to them in some countries.[12][13]
References[edit]
- ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 6 December 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
- ^ Coulston, Ann M.; Boushey, Carol; Ferruzzi, Mario (2013). Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease. Academic Press. p. 818. ISBN 9780123918840. Archived from the original on 2016-12-30.
- ^ a b c d British national formulary : BNF 69 (69 ed.). British Medical Association. 2015. pp. 703–704. ISBN 9780857111562.
- ^ a b c d World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. p. 498. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
- ^ a b c "Ergocalciferol". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^ Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 227. ISBN 9781284057560.
- ^ "Office of Dietary Supplements - Vitamin D". ods.od.nih.gov. 11 February 2016. Archived from the original on 31 December 2016. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
- ^ Fischer, Janos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 451. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 2016-12-30.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- ^ "Ergocalciferol - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 13 April 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- ^ Feral, Priscilla; Hall, Lee (2005). Dining with Friends: The Art of North American Vegan Cuisine. Friends of Animals/Nectar Bat Press. p. 160. ISBN 9780976915904.
- ^ Bennett, Beverly; Sammartano, Ray (2012). The Complete Idiot's Guide to Vegan Living (Second ed.). Penguin. p. Chapter 15. ISBN 9781615642793. Archived from the original on 2016-12-30.