User:Mr. Ibrahem/Nipah virus infection
| Nipah virus infection | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Structure of a Henipavirus | |
| Symptoms | None, fever, cough, headache, confusion[1] |
| Complications | Inflammation of the brain, seizures[2] |
| Usual onset | 5 to 14 days after exposure[1] |
| Causes | Nipah virus (spread by direct contact)[3] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms, confirmed by laboratory testing[4] |
| Prevention | Avoiding exposure to bats and sick pigs, not drinking raw date palm sap[5] |
| Treatment | Supportive care[2] |
| Frequency | ~701 human cases (1998 to May 2018)[6][7] |
| Deaths | ~50 to 75% risk of death[6][8] |
A Nipah virus infection is a viral infection caused by the Nipah virus.[2] Symptoms from infection vary from none to fever, cough, headache, shortness of breath, and confusion.[1][2] This may worsen into a coma over a day or two.[1] Complications can include inflammation of the brain and seizures following recovery.[2]
The Nipah virus (NiV) is a type of RNA virus in the genus Henipavirus.[2] The virus normally circulates among specific types of fruit bats.[2] It can both spread between people and from other animals to people.[2] Spread typically requires direct contact with an infected source.[3] Diagnosis is based on symptoms and confirmed by laboratory testing.[4]
Management involves supportive care.[2] As of 2018 there is no vaccine or specific treatment.[2] Prevention is by avoiding exposure to bats and sick pigs and not drinking raw date palm sap.[5] As of May 2018 about 700 human cases of Nipah virus are estimated to have occurred and 50 to 75 percent of those who were infected died.[6][8][7] In May 2018, an outbreak of the disease resulted in 17 deaths in the Indian state of Kerala.[9][10][11]
The disease was first identified in 1998 during an outbreak in Malaysia while the virus was isolated in 1999.[2][12] It is named after a village in Malaysia, Sungai Nipah.[12] Pigs may also be infected and millions were killed by Malaysian authorities in 1999 to stop the spread of disease.[2][12]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d "Signs and Symptoms Nipah Virus (NiV)". CDC. Archived from the original on 15 June 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "WHO Nipah Virus (NiV) Infection". www.who.int. Archived from the original on 18 April 2018. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
- ^ a b "Transmission Nipah Virus (NiV)". CDC. 20 March 2014. Archived from the original on 15 June 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
- ^ a b "Diagnosis Nipah Virus (NiV)". CDC. 20 March 2014. Archived from the original on 15 June 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
- ^ a b "Prevention Nipah Virus (NiV)". CDC. 20 March 2014. Archived from the original on 15 June 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
- ^ a b c Broder CC, Xu K, Nikolov DB, Zhu Z, Dimitrov DS, Middleton D, et al. (October 2013). "A treatment for and vaccine against the deadly Hendra and Nipah viruses". Antiviral Research. 100 (1): 8–13. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.06.012. PMC 4418552. PMID 23838047.
- ^ a b "Morbidity and mortality due to Nipah or Nipah-like virus encephalitis in WHO South-East Asia Region, 2001-2018" (PDF). SEAR. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
112 cases since Oct 2013
- ^ a b "Nipah virus outbreaks in the WHO South-East Asia Region". South-East Asia Regional Office. WHO. Archived from the original on 23 May 2018. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
- ^ CNN, Manveena Suri (22 May 2018). "10 confirmed dead from Nipah virus outbreak in India". CNN. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
{{cite news}}:|last1=has generic name (help) - ^ "Nipah virus outbreak: Death toll rises to 14 in Kerala, two more cases identified". Hindustan Times. 27 May 2018. Archived from the original on 9 June 2019. Retrieved 28 May 2018.
- ^ "After the outbreak". Frontline. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
- ^ a b c "Nipah Virus (NiV) CDC". www.cdc.gov. CDC. Archived from the original on 16 December 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2018.