User:Mr. Ibrahem/Ogilvie syndrome
| Ogilvie syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) |
 | |
| CT scan of the abdomen of an elderly woman with Ogilvie syndrome | |
| Symptoms | Bloating, abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation[1] |
| Complications | Bowel perforation, bowel ischemia[1] |
| Usual onset | Over a few days[1] |
| Risk factors | Significant health problems, recent surgery[2][1] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms after ruling out other potential causes[2][1] |
| Differential diagnosis | Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, volvulus, bowel obstruction, gastroparesis[1][2] |
| Treatment | Watchful waiting, nasogastric tube, neostigmine, colonoscopy, surgery[3][1] |
| Frequency | Rare[1] |
| Deaths | 15% risk[2] |
Ogilvie syndrome (OS), also known as acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO), is the sudden dilatation of the colon in the absence of mechanical obstruction.[3] Symptoms may include bloating, abdominal pain, vomiting, and constipation.[1] Onset is typically over one or more days.[1] Complications can include bowel perforation and bowel ischemia.[1]
It generally occurs in those with significant health problems or following surgery.[2][1] While the underlying mechanism is unclear, it is believed to involve poor contraction of the colon.[3][1] Generally the cecum has a diameter of more than 10 cm and right colon is also dilated.[4] A CT scan or water-soluble enema is done to rule out a obstruction.[1]
Management may include watchful waiting, nasogastric tube, or the medication neostigmine.[3][1] Stopping opiates and anticholinergics may help.[1] In those with more severe cases efforts to remove the gas from the colon using a colonoscope or surgery may be required.[3][1] Prevention of reoccurrence may be by placing a colonic tube.[3] About 15% of people with the condition die as a result.[2]
Ogilvie syndrome is rare, affected about 1 per 1,000 people admitted to hospital.[1][2] It most commonly affects the older people.[2] Males and females are affected equally frequenctly.[1] The condition is named after the British surgeon William Heneage Ogilvie, who described it in 1948.[5][6]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Ogilvie syndrome". NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Conner, S; Nassereddin, A; Mitchell, C (January 2022). "Ogilvie Syndrome". PMID 30252358.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c d e f Pereira, P; Djeudji, F; Leduc, P; Fanget, F; Barth, X (April 2015). "Ogilvie's syndrome-acute colonic pseudo-obstruction". Journal of visceral surgery. 152 (2): 99–105. doi:10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2015.02.004. PMID 25770746.
- ^ Feldman, Mark; Friedman, Lawrence S.; Sleisenger, Marvin H. (July 2002). Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease (7th ed.). Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-7216-8973-9.
- ^ Ogilvie H (1948). "Large-intestine Colic due to Sympathetic Deprivation". Br Med J. 2 (4579): 671–673. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4579.671. PMC 2091708. PMID 18886657. Reproduced in: Ogilvie WH (December 1987). "William Heneage Ogilvie 1887-1971. Large-intestine colic due to sympathetic deprivation. A new clinical syndrome". Dis. Colon Rectum. 30 (12): 984–7. doi:10.1007/BF02554291. PMID 3319452. S2CID 68079923.
- ^ "Sir William Heneage Ogilvie". www.whonamedit.com. Archived from the original on 22 April 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2022.