User:Mr. Ibrahem/Pearly penile papules
| Pearly penile papules | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Papillomatosis corona penis, corona capillitii, hirsuties coronae glandis, papillae coronis glandis, hirsutoid papillomas, hirsuties coronae glandis[1][2] |
| File:Hirsuties papillaris coronae glandis.jpg | |
| Glans penis with pearly penile papules | |
| Specialty | Dermatology |
| Symptoms | Painless small bumps on ridge of glans of the penis[2] |
| Usual onset | Age 20-30 years[3] |
| Diagnostic method | Examination[3] |
| Differential diagnosis | Genital warts, molluscum contagiosum, sebaceous hyperplasia, lichen nitidus[2] |
| Treatment | Reassurance, generally no treatment necessary[3] |
| Prognosis | Not harmful, regress spontaneously, recurrence rare[3] |
| Frequency | Up to half of young males[1] |
Pearly penile papules (PPPs) are normal small bumps that can occur on the penis.[2][3] They vary in size from 1 - 4 mm, are white or flesh-colored, smooth and dome-topped, and appear in one or several rows around the ridge of the head of the penis and sometimes on the shaft.[2][4] In a Black person, they generally appear whitish.[5] They are painless, non-cancerous, and harmless.[2]
They are a type of angiofibroma, whose function is not well-understood.[3][1] They are sometimes described as remnants of penile spines, a sensitive feature found in the same location in other primates.[6] PPPs secrete oil that moistens the head of the penis.[7] Diagnosis is by visualization.[3] On dermoscopy, they appear in a cobblestone-like pattern, with a central dotted or comma-shaped blood vessels, and without scaling.[1] Examination of a tissue biopsy shows dense connective tissue, fibroblasts, and many blood vessels.[4] They are sometimes mistaken for genital warts, molluscum contagiosum, sebaceous hyperplasia, or lichen nitidus.[8][2]
Generally, reassurance is given and no treatment is needed.[3] Following counselling, cryotherapy, laser therapy, or shave excision may be options for cosmetic reasons.[9][3] Some home remedies involving corrosive substances can be damaging.[10] They do not spread and often spontaneously regress.[11]
PPPs are common, occurring in up to half of young males.[1][2] They are more common in uncircumcised people.[2] They were first described in 1700 and the term "pearly penile papules" was coined in 1964.[1] Some find them distressing to look at, owing to their resemblance to some sexually transmitted infections.[1][12]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g Aldahan, Adam S.; Brah, Tara K.; Nouri, Keyvan (May 2018). "Diagnosis and Management of Pearly Penile Papules". American Journal of Men's Health. 12 (3): 624–627. doi:10.1177/1557988316654138. ISSN 1557-9883. PMID 27316776. Archived from the original on 2021-02-12. Retrieved 2021-09-25.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Love, Lauren W.; Badri, Talel; Ramsey, Michael L. (2021). "Pearly Penile Papule". StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Archived from the original on 2020-11-11. Retrieved 2021-09-23.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i James, William D.; Elston, Dirk; Treat, James R.; Rosenbach, Misha A.; Neuhaus, Isaac (2020). "28. Dermal and subcutaneous tumors". Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology (13th ed.). Elsevier. p. 616. ISBN 978-0-323-54753-6. Archived from the original on 2021-10-19. Retrieved 2021-10-19.
- ^ a b Johnstone, Ronald B. (2017). "34. Fibrous tumors and tumor-like proliferations". Weedon's Skin Pathology Essentials (2nd ed.). Elsevier. p. 614. ISBN 978-0-7020-6830-0. Archived from the original on 2021-05-25. Retrieved 2021-09-24.
- ^ Passos, Mauro Romero Leal (2017). "11. Differential diagnosis". Atlas of Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Clinical Aspects and Differential Diagnosis. Springer. p. 383. ISBN 978-3-319-57470-7. Archived from the original on 2022-06-10. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
- ^ Kumar P, Das A, Savant SS (2015). "Multiple Shiny Papules on the Shaft of the Penis". Indian Journal of Dermatology. 60 (3): 325. doi:10.4103/0019-5154.156491. PMC 4458986. PMID 26120199.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ French, Kathy (2009). Sexual Health. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 31–32. ISBN 978-1-4051-6831-1. Archived from the original on 2021-09-25. Retrieved 2021-09-24.
- ^ Li H (28 August 2015). Radiology of Infectious Diseases:. Springer. p. 405. ISBN 9789401798822.
- ^ Honigman, AD; Dubin, DP; Chu, J; Lin, MJ (2020). "Management of Pearly Penile Papules: A Review of the Literature". Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgery. 24 (1): 79–85. doi:10.1177/1203475419887730. PMID 31690111.
- ^ Rapini RP, Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.
- ^ Brown, Clarence W (8 July 2020). "Pearly Penile Papules: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology". Medscape. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
{{cite web}}:|archive-date=/|archive-url=timestamp mismatch; 30 June 2021 suggested (help) - ^ Pattman R, Snow M, Handy P, Elawad B. Oxford handbook of genitourinary medicine, HIV, and AIDS. Vol. 13.