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Notable 19th century maps

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Date Title Cartographer Comments Region name given Image
1799 Carte de l'Égypte (Description de l'Égypte) Pierre Jacotin Originally prepared during the French campaign in Egypt and Syria; 47 sheets were prepared, with the Palestine area being covered by sheets 43-47. The first triangulation-based map of Palestine, it was used as the basis for many most maps of the region until the PEF Survey in the 1870s.[1][2] It is considered flawed, primarily since it included a significant number of incorrect or imagined details, which had been “added to the map ad libitum where the French had not been able to survey.”[3] Palestine A detailed map of Palestine from the century
1803 Cedid Atlas Müderris Abdurrahman Efendii The first modern printed atlas in the Ottoman Empire, part of the Nizam-I Cedid reforms of Sultan Selim III, showing Ottoman Syria in the 1803.[4] Considered to be based on the d'Anville 1794 map (published in William Faden's "General Atlas"), it contained important adaptations to represent Ottoman geographic representations of the provinces.[5] Shows the term "ارض فلاستان" ("Land of Palestine") in large script on the bottom left. A detailed map of Palestine from the century
1815 Arrowsmith map Aaron Arrowsmith The title "A Sketch of the Countries between Jerusalem and Aleppo" is likely a reference to Henry Maundrell's "Journey from Aleppo to Jerusalem" published in 1703; the map's description of Jacob's Well is a direct quote from Maundrell. The map also quotes Ulrich Jasper Seetzen, whose "Brief Account of the Countries Adjoining the Lake of Tiberias, the Jordan and the Dead Sea" was published in 1809.[6] The map is a combination of a modern map and a biblical map (showing the Twelve Tribes)[7] Pashalic of Acre A detailed map of Palestine from the 19th century
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Date Title Cartographer Comments Region name given Image
1822 Burckhardt map Johann Ludwig Burckhardt Map accompanying Burckhardt's "Travels in Syria and the Holy Land", published in 1822, five years after his travels in the region. Palestine, and the Holy Land A detailed map of Palestine from the 19th century
1830 Hall map Sidney Hall 1830 map shows the Ottoman divisions Palestine A detailed map of Palestine from the 19th century
1840 Royal Engineers map Charles Rochfort Scott The first British army survey, carried out during the Oriental Crisis of 1840. It represented the second modern, triangulation-based, attempt at surveying Palestine.[8] It was not published at the time; although a private printing for the British Foreign Office was produced in 1846, and it was used in the creation of Van de Velde's map.[9] "none" A detailed map of Palestine from the 19th century
1841 Kiepert map Heinrich Kiepert Published in 1841 to accompany the first edition of "Biblical Researches in Palestine" by Edward Robinson, known as the "Father of Biblical Geography", and again in 1856 to accompany the second edition.[10] Palestine A detailed map of Palestine from the 19th century
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Date Title Cartographer Comments Region name given Image
1843 Hughes map William Hughes Shows the Ottoman administrative districts in detail, made for the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Hughes had been producing popular maps of Palestine for almost a decade, notably in his 1840 "Illuminated Atlas of Scripture geography".[11] Palestine A detailed map of Palestine from the 19th century
1849 Lynch map William F. Lynch Prepared on behalf of the United States Hydrographic Office. Published in "Narrative of the United States' Expedition to the River Jordan and the Dead Sea". The Dead Sea and River Jordan A detailed map of Palestine from the 19th century
1850 Zimmermann map Carl Zimmermann The "Atlas von Palaestina und der Sinai Halbinsel", in 15 sectional sheets. Part of a wider Atlas of Asia, published as a supplement to Carl Ritter's "Erdkunde" Palaestina A detailed map of Palestine from the 19th century
1858 Van de Velde map Charles William Meredith van de Velde Published in 1858. One of the most accurate maps published prior to the PEF Survey.[12] The Holy Land A detailed map of Palestine from the 19th century
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Date Title Cartographer Comments Region name given Image
1870 Leves en Galilee Jean-Joseph Mieulet and Isidore Derrien A follow-up to a map of Lebanon. It was intended to be the first part of a complete coverage of Palestine, but the expedition was recalled to France at the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian war. It was published in 1873.[13] Galilee A detailed map of Galilee from the 19th century
1872-1880 PEF Survey Charles Wilson and others Carried out by the Palestine Exploration Fund, with support from the War Office.[14] Represented the peak of the cartographic work in Palestine in the nineteenth century.[15] 26 sheets of "Western Palestine" and 1 sheet of "Eastern Palestine". A detailed map of Palestine from the 19th century
  1. ^ Karmon, Yehuda [in Hebrew] (1960). "An Analysis of Jacotin's Map of Palestine". Israel Exploration Journal. 10 (3): 155. JSTOR 27924824.
  2. ^ Schelhaas, Bruno; Faehndrich, Jutta; Goren, Haim (28 February 2017). Mapping the Holy Land: The Foundation of a Scientific Cartography of Palestine. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-85772-785-5.
  3. ^ Schelhaas, Bruno; Faehndrich, Jutta; Goren, Haim (28 February 2017). Mapping the Holy Land: The Foundation of a Scientific Cartography of Palestine. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-85772-785-5.
  4. ^ Tamari, Salim (22 August 2017). The Great War and the Remaking of Palestine. Univ of California Press. pp. 27–29. ISBN 978-0-520-29125-6.
  5. ^ Tamari, Salim (22 August 2017). The Great War and the Remaking of Palestine. Univ of California Press. pp. 27–29. ISBN 978-0-520-29125-6.
  6. ^ Composite: A Sketch of the Countries between Jerusalem and Aleppo, David Rumsey Collection, see "Note"
  7. ^ Composite: A Sketch of the Countries between Jerusalem and Aleppo, David Rumsey Collection, see "Note"
  8. ^ Schelhaas, Bruno; Faehndrich, Jutta; Goren, Haim (28 February 2017). Mapping the Holy Land: The Foundation of a Scientific Cartography of Palestine. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-85772-785-5.
  9. ^ Schelhaas, Bruno; Faehndrich, Jutta; Goren, Haim (28 February 2017). Mapping the Holy Land: The Foundation of a Scientific Cartography of Palestine. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-85772-785-5.
  10. ^ Schelhaas, Bruno; Faehndrich, Jutta; Goren, Haim (28 February 2017). Mapping the Holy Land: The Foundation of a Scientific Cartography of Palestine. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-85772-785-5.
  11. ^ Schelhaas, Bruno; Faehndrich, Jutta; Goren, Haim (28 February 2017). Mapping the Holy Land: The Foundation of a Scientific Cartography of Palestine. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-85772-785-5.
  12. ^ Moscrop, John James (1 January 2000). Measuring Jerusalem: The Palestine Exploration Fund and British Interests in the Holy Land. A&C Black. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-7185-0220-1.
  13. ^ Dov Gavish (1994) French Cartography of the Holy Land in the Nineteenth Century, Palestine Exploration Quarterly, 126:1, 24-31, DOI: 10.1179/peq.1994.126.1.24
  14. ^ Moscrop, John James (1 January 2000). Measuring Jerusalem: The Palestine Exploration Fund and British Interests in the Holy Land. A&C Black. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-7185-0220-1.
  15. ^ Masalha, Nur (2019). Palestine: A Four Thousand Year History. Zed Books, Limited. p. 256a. ISBN 978-1-78699-273-4. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |ps= ignored (|postscript= suggested) (help)
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