User:Pingnova/sandbox/Dakota language resources

This userspace draft collects a bibliography of text-based Dakota language resources. The author hopes to use this page to improve Dakota language use across Wikimedia projects.

The Dakota language is the spoken and written language of the Dakota people. It is part of a complex family of related languages and is mutually intelligible with Lakota language, so much so that the two languages are often referred to as one such as "Dakota/Lakota" or "D(L)akota." Previously the Dakota people and language were called Sioux, although contemporary Dakota people and academics prefer their own word for themselves "Dakota." Many older (and some current) language texts continue to refer to them as Sioux.

Dakota language is currently subject to a revitalization and reconstruction, so scholarship and use of the language quickly changes year over year. One of the foremost institutions researching and teaching Dakota is the University of Minnesota, which frequently funds and publishes studies of the language.

Databases

• University of British Columbia Vancouver Campus Relational Lexicography: Dakota Dictionaries. Incomplete database of language resources with some Dakota listings.

Dictionaries

Online

• Dakota-English Dictionary, Sisseton-Wahpeton Dakotah Language Institute (SWODLI)

Searchable database compiled from two historical sources:

• An English-Dakota Dictionary, by John P. Williamson, published in 1902 by the American Tract Society and reprinted in 1992 by the Minnesota Historical Society.
• English to Dakotah Dictionary, As Spoken By the Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate, written by SWODLI and the Sisseton-Wahpeton Treasured Elders, and published by SWODLI in 2015.

App

• Dakhota Iapi Okhodakichiye. (2023). Dakhód Iápi Wičhóie Wówapi (Version 1.1) [Mobile app]. Google Play. App Store.
• Lakota Language Consortium (LLC Software). (February 11, 2015). New Lakota Dictionary (NLD) (Version 4.2.0) [Mobile app]. Google Play. App Store.

Although focused on the Lakota dialect, this app includes comparison to some Dakota.

Books

Contemporary

• LaFontaine (Sunkmanitu Hotanka), Harlan; McKay (Cantemaza), Neil (2004). 550 Daḳota Verbs. Minnesota Historical Society Press. ISBN 978-0-87351-524-5. Alternate title: Five hundred fifty Dakota verbs.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data indicates the book encompasses Dakota, Lakota, and Yankton. This volume uses UMN2 orthography.

Historical

• Riggs, Stephen Return (1852). Grammar and dictionary of the Dakota language. Washington City : Smithsonian Institution ; New York : G.P. Putnam. LCCN 08027015. OL 14010162M. First published in 1890 by the Department of the Interior, U.S. Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain Region, as Contributions to North American Ethnology, volume 7.

This work has been republished in multiple editions and formats including the below.

• Riggs, Stephen Return (1992) [1852]. A Dakota-English Dictionary. Borealis Books. Saint Paul, Minnesota: Minnesota Historical Society Press. ISBN 0-87351-282-0. LCCN 92028736. OL 23377271M.

Orthography

Chapters

• Esteban, Avelino Corral (August 31, 2017). "The Difficult Task of Finding a Standard Writing System for the Sioux Languages". Creating Orthographies for Endangered Languages. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781316562949.009. ISBN 978-1-316-56294-9.
• Westerman, Gwen; White, Bruce (2012). "Introduction". Mni Sota Makoce: The Land of the Dakota. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Minnesota Historical Society Press. p. 11. ISBN 9780873518697. LCCN 2012022469. OCLC 793221826. OL 25355821M.
• LaFontaine (Sunkmanitu Hotanka), Harlan; McKay (Cantemaza), Neil (2004). "Daḳota Alphabet, Sounds, and Orthography". 550 Daḳota Verbs. Minnesota Historical Society Press. pp. 5–6. ISBN 978-0-87351-524-5.

Conjugation explanation in chapter "Conjugation Forms" pages 7–10. "Appendix" pages 177–181 reprints "Parts of Speech–Verbs" from An English–Dakota Dictionary by John P. Williamson. This volume uses the UMN2 orthography.

In context

• Westerman, Gwen; White, Bruce (2012). Mni Sota Makoce: The Land of the Dakota. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Minnesota Historical Society Press. ISBN 9780873518697. LCCN 2012022469. OCLC 793221826. OL 25355821M.
• Hyman, Colette A. (2012). Dakota Women's Work: Creativity, Culture, and Exile. Saint Paul, MN: Minnesota Historical Society Press. ISBN 978-0-87351-850-5.
• Bdote Memory Map, Minnesota Humanities Center

Oral history project covering major historical, religious, and linguistic records of Bdóte within the Twin Cities, Minnesota region.

• Peterson, Theresa; LaBatte Jr, Walter (2022). Voices from Pejuhutasizi: Dakota Stories and Storytellers. Minnesota Historical Society Press. ISBN 978-1-68134-184-2. LCCN 2021946451. Project MUSE

Includes a short glossary pages 189–192. UMN2 orthography.

Texts

Contemporary

Poetry

• Westerman, Gwen Nell (2013). Follow the Blackbirds. American Indian Studies. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 9781609173845.

Poetry in Dakota and English. Accessible via Project MUSE with a Wikipedia Library login.

Historical

• Deloria, Ella (1932). Dakota Texts. New York: G. E. Stechert & Co.
• Pond, Gideon Hollister. Dakota tawaxitku kin, or, The Dakota friend [Periodical]. (1850–1852). Library of Congress. Internet Archive. Minnesota Historical Society. LCCN 93099999. ISSN 2640-5989.

References

Bibliography

• Murray, Janette (September 24, 1979). "Dakota Resources: Historical Sketch and Selected Bibliography of Early Linguistic Research in Dakota/Lakota Language". South Dakota History. 9 (4). South Dakota State Historical Society.