User:Praseodymium-141/Rhenium oxides

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Rhenium(IV) oxide (or rhenium dioxide) is an oxide of rhenium, with the formula ReO2. This gray to black crystalline solid is a laboratory reagent that can be used as a catalyst. It adopts the rutile structure. It forms via comproportionation:[1]

2 Re2O7 + 3 Re → 7 ReO2

Single crystals are obtained by chemical transport, using iodine as the transporting agent.[2] At high temperatures it undergoes disproportionation. It forms perrhenates with alkaline hydrogen peroxide and oxidizing acids.[3] In molten sodium hydroxide it forms sodium rhenate.[4]

Rhenium(VI) oxide, or rhenium trioxide, is another oxide of rhenium. It is the only stable group 7 trioxide. It has an appearance somewhat like copper. It can be formed by reducing rhenium(VII) oxide with carbon monoxide at 200 °C or elemental rhenium at 400 °C.[5] Re2O7 can also be reduced with dioxane.[6] Rhenium trioxide crystallizes with a primitive cubic unit cell, with a lattice parameter of 3.742 Å (374.2 pm). The structure of ReO3 is similar to that of perovskite (ABO3), without the large A cation at the centre of the unit cell. Each rhenium center is surrounded by an octahedron defined by six oxygen centers. These octahedra share corners to form the 3-dimensional structure. The coordination number of O is 2, because each oxygen atom has 2 neighbouring Re atoms.[7]

Rhenium(VII) oxide, or rhenium heptoxide, is another oxide of rhenium. It is the anhydride form of perrhenic acid, and is the raw material for all rhenium compounds.[8] Solid Re2O7 consists of alternating octahedral and tetrahedral Re centres. Upon heating, the polymer cracks to give molecular (nonpolymeric) Re2O7. This molecular species closely resembles manganese heptoxide, consisting of a pair of ReO4 tetrahedra that share a vertex, i.e., O3Re–O–ReO3.[9]

  1. ^ G. Glemser "Rhenium (IV) Oxide" Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 1480.
  2. ^ Rogers, D. B.; Butler, S. R.; Shannon, R. D. (1972). "Single Crystals of Transition-Metal Dioxides". Inorganic Syntheses. XIII: 135–145. doi:10.1002/9780470132449.ch27.
  3. ^ "RHENIUM DIOXIDE - Manufacturer". Aaamolybdenum.com. Archived from the original on 2003-02-09. Retrieved 2012-08-06.
  4. ^ G. Glemser "Sodium Rhenate (IV)" Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 1483.
  5. ^ H. Nechamkin, C. F. Hiskey, "Rhenium(VI): Oxide (Rhenium Trioxide)" Inorganic Syntheses, 1950 Volume 3, pp. 186-188. doi:10.1002/9780470132340.ch49
  6. ^ G. Glemser "Rhenium (VI) Oxide" Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 2. p. 1482.
  7. ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8., p. 1047.
  8. ^ Georg Nadler, Hans (2000). "Rhenium and Rhenium Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a23_199. ISBN 978-3527306732.
  9. ^ Wells, A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-855370-6.
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