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Groupwork - Online Social Movement

Online communities build off social movements, enabling the connection of persons worldwide to develop a base and gain awareness to the cause. Online social movements gained momentum in the late 20th century and early 21st century[1] as new generations sought social change. With access to the internet and the fast growing World Wide Web, online social movements brought awareness to issues both political and social. Online social movements have been praised and criticized; the former for its ability to raise awareness to important causes, and the latter for its ability to perpetuate problems like slacktivism. Some communities resort to hacktivism, an extreme form of online activism in order to generate support for their movement.

The impact of online movements

The impact of online movements has been substantial since the introduction of the internet. With the ever-growing medium of social media, internet activism has reached the forefront of the internet. Through the use of social networking sites as Facebook and content-sharing sites as YouTube, the opportunity for wide-scale, online social participation has increased.[2]

Nowadays the importance of giving voice to priorities such as public health, political unrest, disaster relief, and climate change have introduced internet as a source for social change.^{[[[wikipedia:Citation needed|citation needed]]]}

Beneficial impacts

Women's March In San Francisco, a movement powered by social media.

Several social media movements have raised money for causes, such as the ALS Ice Bucket challenge raising $100million[3] in 30 days. Even if they do not directly involve monetary funding, many online social movements raise awareness for causes such as institutionalized racism against African Americans with the Black Lives Matter movement and the inappropriate use of force by police authorities against black females, such as with the Say Her Name social movement. Others have rallied with online communities to enact and stimulate political and cultural changes, such as the Women’s March. These marches originally started as a Facebook campaign and then grew into an internationally-recognized day with an estimated 3.5 million people marching in cities all across the United States and the world in one of the largest collective protests. In the political sphere, active online groups increase political participation and rally people by providing a framework for discussion, leading petitions, and collecting donations in order to further a political agenda.[4]  Also, online groups help people overcome various constraints, like time or income, that previously prohibited them from participating in various political campaigns. http://www.scholarsstrategynetwork.org/brief/how-social-movements-are-using-internet-change-politics

Detrimental impacts

Some experts believe there are potential weaknesses and long-term repercussions that can be identified with online movements. Some examples are clicktivism and slacktivism, where the use of social media to promote a cause include activities such as:[5]

• Organising protests
• Facilitating boycotts
• Online parody and satire

An example of a social movement that has received harsh criticism due to the effects that it had is the Black Lives Matter movement with incidents of looting and arson following the grand jury's decision to not indict the police officer that fatally shot Michael Brown in August 2014. There was public outcry after over 100 people burglarized stores and marketplaces in Ferguson, Missouri following the release of the court's decision.^[6] The online movement was criticized heavily by the conservative news source TheBlaze, saying that the online movement exacerbated feelings of injustice that ultimately led to looting and riots.^[7]

Examples of online movements

Social movements advance their work through the media. It is easier, less costly and time consuming to link collective behaviour as real time communication can occur vastly and simultaneously via social media.^[8] Some examples of online movements include:

Political Movements & Demonstrations

• Egyptian revolution of 2011
• Iranian protest
• England Riots
• 2014 Venezuelan protests

Human Rights

• Invisible Children
• #BlackLivesMatter
• Say Her Name
• #JeSuisCharlie
• Worldwide Refugee Crisis, Refugees Welcome
• #LoveWins

Science and Health

• ALS Ice Bucket Challenge
• March for Science

Economic Inequality

• Occupy Wall Street
• The Zeitgeist Movement[9][10]

The future

The future of online movements is hard to predict. However, there are some clear directions where they could certainly lead towards. Vanessa DiMauro believes the biggest trend concerning online communities in the near future is private online communities. While these large networks that we encounter and use on a day-to-day basis have provided us with a productive and collaborative experience they have also increased to unmanageable sizes. To become a learning environment these groups need to be much smaller and manageable. This is where the idea and trend of private online communities could potentially be the future of online communities.[11]

Internet activism

Online communities use various forms of Internet activism to spread the information for their cause in an efficient manner. Using the Internet is a much more efficient way to empower a social movement because it allows for communities to engage with communities through online platforms, such as social media, mass e-mail campaigns, etc.

Data activism

Main article: Data activism

Online communities employ the collection of data for the purpose of analyzing the characteristics of a specific group or demographic. Then, activists can use tailored data from these targets to then execute strategies which are tailored to the target group.

Hacktivism

Main article: Hacktivism

Hacktivism is an efficient tactic for a social movement to use because these online activists, or “hacktivists” typically do not act within any ethical or legal restrictions. For example, hacktivists and even hacktivist groups have a number of methods to use which includes, but is not limited to the distribution of electronic communication en masse, “leaking” classified information, or releasing viruses, malware, and malicious software to attack the opposing groups.

Because of the potential implications, hacktivists often remain anonymous. For example, the founder of WikiLeaks, a website containing leaked information, has been

Important figures

• Shaun King; a Twitter-based civil rights activist.
• DeRay McKesson; Twitter- and Instagram-based civil rights activist, known for his involvement in the Black Lives Matter movement.
• Colin Kaepernick; American football quarterback known for his involvement in the Black Lives Matter movement and causing controversy for kneeling rather than standing for the national anthem, a symbolic act in protest of the unjust and oppressive treatment of people of color in the United States.
• Rachel Dolezal; civil rights activist that caused controversy after her Caucasian parents disclosed that she was a Caucasian woman passing as black.[12] Received backlash on various social media platforms for claiming she was a victim of hate crimes as an African American woman.[13]
• Van Jones; civil rights activist and creator of various initiatives such as #YesWeCode, which is meant to give aid to minorities in technology fields.
• Alicia Garza; African-American activist who started the #BlackLivesMatter initiative.

See also

• Slacktivism
• Internet activism
• Hacktivism
• Data activism
• Accelerated pluralism

Potential Article Topics

Korean Wave

Main article: Korean Wave

The Korean Wave is the meteoric rise of South Korean culture, primarily through the use of social media. Its prominence as a social movement in its own right is notable—clearly demonstrating the differences between South Korea and North Korea.

Things to add:

• Recent uses;
• More sources/citations; and
• Many key actors are missing.

Note: ties into "Hashtag activism".

Article evaluation

Main article: Break the internet

When something "breaks the internet" it is considered something influential, inspiring, disturbing—just something that seems to generate public interest en masse. Doing one thing in hopes for a reaction is embedded in pop culture and can be translated over into similar instances in social movements, etc.

In addition, these are typically introduced on the internet (obviously) via trending hashtags on Twitter, or something similar to that effect.

How this can be improved

1. There isn't even a full article on times when a social movement was able to "break the internet"; in fact there's no article at all. It just redirects to Kim Kardashian's Wiki page as a related topic from the time wherein she posed nude.
2. The article is definitely not neutral because it only details Kim Kardashian's experience with the trend.
3. There are multiple, credible sources using "break the internet"; however, I'd like to expand upon this with other uses of the phrase and how it is often used in heavily popular/trending current events in social media. Of course, I'll highlight Kim Kardashian's involvement with the the phrase, how it exploded thereafter, etc.
4. This information is out of date because its scope narrows strictly to Kardashian, and not other movements who have "broke the internet" in their own right.
5. This was not an ideal choice because this can be turned into a fully-fledged article instead of focusing on strictly Kardashian's connection to it.