User:Saleh Masoumi/Phyllotaxy towers

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General view of a Phyllotactic Tower

Phyllotaxy Towers, Phyllotaxis Towers or Phyllotactic Towers are kind of "Phyllotactic Architecture" or sort of practical applying of Phyllotaxis in Architecture. Also they are kind of Biomimicry.

History[edit]

Nearly all of the residential towers that have been built so far have had a big common weak point. Residents of these towers do not have access to the open sky above, because their apartments do not have yards. This common characteristic of the tall residential buildings have had many negative psychological consequences on people and especially on children[1] [2] .

Architecture[edit]

From architectural point of view, this usual weak point is due to the fact that in almost the entire built and proposed residential towers the floor of the upstairs is the ceiling of the downstairs. So there is no possibility for having yard in the units.

Yards[edit]

Yard has been an ancient and fundamental component of human housing during the history, but the contemporary high-rise residential architecture has neglected this vital part of human housing [3][4][5] . A house without a yard is not a house; it is an apartment unit (flat) and an apartment unit is not a natural place for human being to live, because it ignores the result of thousands years of human life, namely yard.

Phyllotaxy Towers[edit]

Comparison of Domino system (1914) and Phyllotaxy system (2012)

Units of a phyllotaxy tower do not have common floor slabs which is the essential difference between the Phyllotaxy system and Lecorbusier’s Domino[6] system. In phyllotaxy towers, each apartment unit has its own open-to-the-sky-yard, so it is possible to name each unit of these towers a house.

In phyllotxy towers, each apartment unit has its own open-to-the-sky yard. So, it is possible to name each unit of these towers a house

Energy concerns[edit]

The requirement of having yard for each unit of phyllotaxy towers has a secondary result: The surface area to volume ratio of the tower is reached the maximum level and it means the maximum ability to harvest natural energy[7] . Because of this characteristic, the contact surface of the towers to outdoor is high, so it causes high temperature fluctuation during year (or day and night) or might cause high level of energy loosing in some climates, but because the phyllotaxy towers can harvest maximum level of solar energy and natural ventilation it is possible to establish a balance between the extra loosed and gained energy.

Phyllotaxy[edit]

Utilization of natural climatic energy in a Phyllotaxy Tower

The studies show that the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem is in some specific patterns to enable the plants harvesting maximum of natural sources. These patterns are called phyllotaxy and in a phyllotaxy tower some of these patterns are applied about the houses around the central core. The vertical and horizontal distances between the houses in phyllotaxy towers can be varied through different phyllotactic patterns, based on the geographical area and climatic condition. Dimer, Trimer and Tetramer arrangements are some of the architectural phyllotactic patterns.

Architectural qualities[edit]

Almost all parts of the phyllotaxy tower have direct access to fresh air and sun light. The houses cast the possible least amount of shadow on each other due to the phyllotactic pattern, similar to the way that leaves in plants do.

Urban planning[edit]

It should be mentioned that, the science of urbanism is trying to solve a complicated problem at present in the field of sustainability. The problem is: how could a city be compact and human-friendly? How could a city be dense and apartments of that city have yards and gardens coincidently?[8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] The phyllotaxy towers solve this dilemma of sustainability easily.

Outcomes[edit]

  • No one can estimate the amount of negative effects of living in the yard-less apartments on human being. Presenting a prototype for residential towers that can be adopted with some different climates in which all unites have their own open-to-the-sky yard is completely new.
  • If simulations and calculations show that phyllotaxy towers have not any weak point from financial point of view during a 50-year period[16] [17], they can make a drastic revolution in the residential high-rise building and new generation in urban planning, because phyllotaxy towers can make dense cities in which people have yards and gardens in their apartments.
  • As Phyllotaxy towers can adopt their self with different climates, they are not limited to a restricted time or area. They can be applied broadly.

More Images on Phyllotaxy Towers[edit]

Here

Case Studies[edit]

External links on Phyllotaxy[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ COSTELLO, LAUREN (2005). "from Prisons to Penthouses: The Changing Images of High-Rise Living in Melbourne". Housing Studies. 20 (1): 49–62. doi:10.1080/0267303042000308723.
  2. ^ Gifford, Robert (2007). "The Consequences of Living in High-Rise Buildings". Architectural Science Review. Volume 50.1. {{cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  3. ^ Le Corbusier (2011). Towards a New Architecture. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. ISBN 978-1466216396.
  4. ^ Lang, J. (1987). Creating Architectural Theory: The Role of the Behavioral Sciences in Environmental Design. Van Nostrand Reinhold. ISBN 0442259816.
  5. ^ Le Corbusier (1973). Athens Charter. Harpercollins Publisher. ISBN http://www.amazon.com/Athens-Charter-Le-Corbusier/dp/006701397X. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help); External link in |isbn= (help)
  6. ^ "DOM-INO HOUSES". Architectural World. Retrieved 2012/13/10. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  7. ^ Oldfield, Philip (2009). "Five energy generations of tall buildings: anhistorical analysis of energy consumption in high-rise buildings". The Journal of Architecture. 14 (5): 591–610. doi:10.1080/13602360903119405. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ Abel, Cris (2010). "The vertical garden city: toward a new urban topology". CTBUH Journal (2): 20–25.
  9. ^ Al Marashi, Habiba (3-5). "From the tallest to greenest – paradigm shift in Dubai". CTBUH 8th World Congress. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  10. ^ Ali, M. "Sustainability and the tall buildings: recent development and future trends". AIA Illinois Central Symposium. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ Irwin, Peter; Kilpatrick, John; Robinson, Jamieson; Frisque, Andrea (2008). "Wind and tall buildings: Negatives and positives". The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings. 17 (5): 915–928. doi:10.1002/tal.482.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  12. ^ Ko, Dong-Hwan; Elnimeiri, Mahjoub; Clark, Raymond J. (2008). "Assessment and prediction of daylight performance in high-rise office buildings". The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings. 17 (5): 953–976. doi:10.1002/tal.474.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  13. ^ Strelitz, Ziona (2011). "Tall building design and sustainable urbanism: London as a crucible". Intelligent Buildings International. 3 (4): 250–268. doi:10.1080/17508975.2011.606362.
  14. ^ Wood, Antony (2007). "Sustainability: A new high-rise vernacular?". The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings. 16 (4): 401–410. doi:10.1002/tal.425.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  15. ^ Yeang, Ken (1998). "Research information designing the green skyscraper". Building Research and Information. 26 (2): 122–141. doi:10.1080/096132198370056.
  16. ^ Yeang, Ken (1996). The skyscraper: bioclimatically considered. Wiley - Academy. ISBN 0471977640.
  17. ^ Frey, H (1999). Designing the city: towards a more sustainable urban form. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0419221107.

Category:Towers Category:Apartment buildings Category:Sustainable architecture

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