User:Scientist06/sandbox

Article Evaluation

Cephalochordate: For the most part, everything in the article is relevant to the Cephalochordates. Something that distracted me was the discussion of fossils dating back to the Cambrian period.

As far as I can tell, the article does not appear biased toward any particular position. The link for reference number four does not work. The format for the citations all appear to be consistent with each other. I could not detect any instances of plagiarism. According to the Article's talk page, this is "not the best Article" and discussions are going on particularly about the "Feeding" section. The article is rated as "Start-Class" and is part of WikiProject Animals.

The sentence "They are only a few centimeters in length and due to their lack of a mineralized skeleton, their presence in the fossil record is minimal." lacks a correct citation. The link for reference six does not work. This the correct link https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1206375

No reference to the studies in this quote "Gene-expression studies on embryonic patterning suggest that body axis formation has inverted somewhere between hemichordates and chordates, where the ventral formation of body structures in earlier hemichordates is observed to be dorsal in cephalochordates."

Bat Project

Wikipedia:WikiProject Mammals : I chose this page because it is the class bats are associated with as opposed to reptiles (birds) which they were was previously thought of as.

Mouse-eared bat: I chose this page because it is the species of bat that our group will be dissecting in lab.

Animal echolocation : I chose this page because I am fascinated by this capability that bats use to be able to navigate.

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SANDBOX SHORTCUTS: 1. [[1]] 2. [[2]] Osquaesitor (talk) 17:42, 11 March 2022 (UTC)

User:Ramen Scientist/Bat Flight

Week 5

Topic: Bat wing evolution
Articles

Cooper, K. L., & Tabin, C. J. (2008). Understanding of bat wing evolution takes flight. Genes & development, 22(2), 121–124. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.1639108

Sears, K. E., Behringer, R. R., Rasweiler, J. J., & Niswander, L. A. (2006). Development of BAT flight: Morphologic and molecular evolution of bat wing digits. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(17), 6581–6586. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0509716103

Tokita, M., Abe, T., & Suzuki, K. (2012). The developmental basis of Bat Wing Muscle. Nature Communications, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2298

3. Image

Week 6

The expansion of the long bones in bat wings is at at least partly attributed to paired-box (Pax) homeodomain transcription factor, PRX1. It is believed that changes in the PRX1 enhancer along with other molecular factors lead to the morphological separation of bats from their ancestors.^[1] Up-regulation of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway is also crucial in developmental and evolutionary elongation of bat forelimb digits.^[2] FGF10 signaling is also likely required for the development of bat wing membrane and muscles.^[3]

^ Cooper, Kimberly L.; Tabin, Clifford J. (2008-01-15). "Understanding of bat wing evolution takes flight". Genes & Development. 22 (2): 121–124. doi:10.1101/gad.1639108. ISSN 0890-9369. PMC 2731632. PMID 18198331.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
^ Sears, Karen E.; Behringer, Richard R.; Rasweiler, John J.; Niswander, Lee A. (2006-04-25). "Development of bat flight: Morphologic and molecular evolution of bat wing digits". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 103 (17): 6581–6586. doi:10.1073/pnas.0509716103. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 1458926. PMID 16618938.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
^ Tokita, Masayoshi; Abe, Takaaki; Suzuki, Kazuo (2012-12-18). "The developmental basis of bat wing muscle". Nature Communications. 3 (1): 1302. doi:10.1038/ncomms2298. ISSN 2041-1723.

Week 9

I will add some hyperlinks to certain words like transcription factor and elaborate what FGF 10 is. I will also try to make it easier for someone that doesn't have a biology background to understand my contributions. The title for my section will be called Wing Evolution. I think finding an image with labeled bones or somehow labeling the bones myself could be a good idea. I plan to go the original source of my image and dig more into it. I will also add a link to the Wikipedia section

[1] Cooper, Kimberly L.; Tabin, Clifford J. (2008-01-15). "Understanding of bat wing evolution takes flight". Genes & Development. 22 (2): 121–124. doi:10.1101/gad.1639108. ISSN 0890-9369. PMC 2731632. PMID 18198331.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)

[2] Sears, Karen E.; Behringer, Richard R.; Rasweiler, John J.; Niswander, Lee A. (2006-04-25). "Development of bat flight: Morphologic and molecular evolution of bat wing digits". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 103 (17): 6581–6586. doi:10.1073/pnas.0509716103. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 1458926. PMID 16618938.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)

[3] Tokita, Masayoshi; Abe, Takaaki; Suzuki, Kazuo (2012-12-18). "The developmental basis of bat wing muscle". Nature Communications. 3 (1): 1302. doi:10.1038/ncomms2298. ISSN 2041-1723.

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