User:Tsange/sandbox12

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The first commemorative Crown

In the United Kingdom commemorative coins featuring unique designs are issued by the Royal Mint for special occasions and are often released into general circulation alongside standard issue versions. In terms of appearance; apart from commercial coins which can be different in shape and metals, commemorative coins differ only by their reverse design which relates to the event being commemorated. Examples of such events include Royal weddings, coronations, anniversaries and important national events. Similar to standard issue coins, commemorative coins remain legal tender at their face value however are frequently priced higher due to their collectability and numismatic worth. All coins in the United Kingdom are regulated under the Coinage Act 1971 which among other things allows the Sovereign to determine each coin's design and denomination via Royal proclamation.

In contrast to other European countries which had been issuing commemorative coins for many years prior, the United Kingdom first issued its own in 1935 in celebration King George V's Silver Jubilee. It featured an Art Deco rendition of Saint George and the Dragon in its reverse.[1] In the subsequent years prior to decimalisation four more commemorative coin were issued; one each for for George VI and Elizabeth II's coronations, one celebrating the British Exhibition in New York and a coin marking the death of Sir Winston Churchill.

Circulating Commemorative Coins[edit]

circulates alongside standard business strike coins.

Ten Pence[edit]

In 2019 the Royal Mint struck its first ever commemorative Ten pence coins consisting of a series of 26 pieces celebrating British culture.[2] The entire series was designed by mint engraver Jody Clark and released into general circulation in March of that year. Due to their popularity the mint announced an additional 2.1 million would be produced the next year.[3]

  • A - Angel of the North
  • B - James Bond
  • C - Cricket
  • D - Double-decker bus
  • E - English breakfast
  • F - Fish and chips
  • G - Greenwich Mean Time
  • H - Houses of Parliament
  • I - Ice cream
  • J - Jubilee
  • K - King Arthur
  • L - Loch Ness
  • M - Mackintosh
  • N - NHS
  • O - Oak tree
  • P - Postbox
  • Q - Queuing
  • R - Robin
  • S - Stonehenge
  • T - Tea
  • U - Union Flag
  • V - Village
  • W - World Wide Web
  • X - X marks the spot
  • Y - Yeoman
  • Z - Zebra

Fifty Pence[edit]

Year Event Design Designer Mintage[4]
1973 United Kingdom's accession to the European Economic Community The inscription "50 PENCE" and the date of the year, surrounded by nine hands, symbolising the nine members of the Community, clasping one another in a mutual gesture of trust, assistance and friendship. David Wynne 89,775,000
1992–93 United Kingdom's Presidency of the Council of Ministers and the completion of the Single European Market A representation of a table on which are placed twelve stars, linked by a network of lines to each other and also to twelve chairs around the table, on one of which appear the letters "UK", and with the dates "1992" and "1993" above and the value "50 PENCE" below. Mary Milner Dickens 109,000
1994 50th Anniversary of the D-Day Landings A design representing the Allied invasion force heading for Normandy and filling the sea and sky, together with the value "50 PENCE". this was the last commemorative coin in the original (larger) size. John Mills 6,705,520
1998 United Kingdom's Presidency of the European Union, and the 25th Anniversary of the United Kingdom's accession to the European Economic Community A celebratory arrangement of stars with the letters "EU" between the Anniversary dates "1973" and "1998", and the value 50 PENCE below. John Mills 5,043,000
1998 50th Anniversary of the National Health Service A pair of hands set against a pattern of radiating lines with the words "FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY" and the value "50 PENCE", accompanied by the initials "NHS" which appear five times on the outer border. David Cornell 5,001,000
2000 150th Anniversary of the Public Libraries Act 1850 The turning pages of a book, the Anniversary dates "1850" and "2000", and the value "50 PENCE", all above a classical library building on which appear the words "PUBLIC LIBRARIES" and, within the pediment, representations of compact discs. Mary Milner Dickens 11,263,000
2003 100th Anniversary of the formation of the Women's Social and Political Union The figure of a suffragette chained to railings and holding a banner on which appear the letters WSPU, to the right a ballot paper marked with a cross and the words GIVE WOMEN THE VOTE, to the left the value 50 PENCE, and below and to the far right the Anniversary dates 1903 and 2003. Mary Milner Dickens 3,124,030
2004 50th Anniversary of the first four-minute mile by Roger Bannister The legs of a running athlete with a stylised stopwatch in the background and the value 50 PENCE below. James Butler 9,032,500
2005 250th Anniversary of Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language Entries from the Dictionary for the words FIFTY and PENCE, with the figure 50 above, and the inscription JOHNSON'S DICTIONARY 1755 below. Tom Phillips 17,649,000
2006 150th Anniversary of the institution of the Victoria Cross 1 Depiction of the obverse and reverse of a Victoria Cross with the date 29 JAN 1856 in the centre of the reverse of the Cross, the letters VC to the right and the value FIFTY PENCE below. Claire Aldridge 12,087,000
2006 150th Anniversary of the institution of the Victoria Cross 2 Depiction of a soldier carrying a wounded comrade with an outline of the Victoria Cross surrounded by a sunburst effect in the background. Clive Duncan 10,000,500
2007 Centenary of the Foundation of the Scouting Movement A fleur-de-lis superimposed over a globe and surrounded by the inscription "BE PREPARED", the dates "1907" and "2007", and the denomination "FIFTY PENCE". Kerry Jones 7,710,750
2009 250th anniversary of the foundation of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew A design showing the pagoda encircled by a vine and accompanied by the dates "1759" and "2009", with the word "KEW" at the base of the pagoda. Christopher Le Brun 210,000
2010 Celebrating 100 Years of Girlguiding UK A hexagon made of six of the shamrock symbols of Girlguiding surrounded by the words "Celebrating 100 years of Girlguiding UK". Jonathan Evans and Donna Hainan 7,410,090
2011 Celebrating 50 years of the work of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Fifty small symbols showing the range of work of the WWF. Matthew Dent 3,400,000
2011 London 2012 Several designs featuring swimmers, cyclists and athletes
2013 Celebrating the 100th Anniversary of the birth of Christopher Ironside The design which Ironside made for the 50p coin, showing the Coat of arms of the United Kingdom. Christopher Ironside 7,000,000
2013 Celebrating the 100th Anniversary of the birth of Benjamin Britten The composer's name, written across musical bars, value is on the obverse for the first time. Tom Phillips 5,300,000
2014 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow A cyclist and a runner, separated by the Flag of Scotland. Alex Loudon and Dan Flashman 6,500,000
2015 75th Anniversary of the Battle of Britain Pilots running to their planes while planes fly above them. Gary Breeze 5,900,000
2016 Team GB A swimmer with the Team GB logo for the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. Tim Sharp 6,400,000
2016 Battle of Hastings King Harold hit in the eye with an arrow, a detail from the Bayeux Tapestry. John Bergdahl 6,700,000
2016 150th Anniversary of the birth of Beatrix Potter A portrait of Beatrix Potter above along with her name, dates of her birth and death (1866-1943) and Peter Rabbit. Emma Noble 6,900,000
2016 150th Anniversary of the birth of Beatrix Potter: Peter Rabbit An image of Peter Rabbit and his name. Emma Noble 9,600,000
2016 150th Anniversary of the birth of Beatrix Potter: Mrs. Tiggy-Winkle An image of Mrs. Tiggy-Winkle and her name. Emma Noble 8,800,000
2016 150th Anniversary of the birth of Beatrix Potter: Squirrel Nutkin An image of Squirrel Nutkin and his name. Emma Noble 5,000,000
2016 150th Anniversary of the birth of Beatrix Potter: Jemima Puddle-Duck An image of Jemima Puddle-Duck and her name. Emma Noble 2,100,000
2017 300th Anniversary of Sir Isaac Newton's Gold-Standard Report Stylised depiction of The Sun as the common focal point of three orbits of different planets. Aaron West 1,801,500
2017 Beatrix Potter: Peter Rabbit An image of Peter Rabbit and the words "The Tale of Peter Rabbit". Emma Noble 19,900,000
2017 Beatrix Potter: Mr. Jeremy Fisher An image of Mr. Jeremy Fisher (a frog) and his name (June 2017). Emma Noble 9,900,000
2017 Beatrix Potter: Tom Kitten An image of Tom Kitten and his name (August 2017). Emma Noble 9,500,000
2017 Beatrix Potter: Benjamin Bunny An image of Benjamin Bunny and his name (September 2017). Emma Noble 25,000,000
2018 100th Anniversary of the Representation of the People Act An image of a crowd of voters, representing the change in suffrage triggered by the law. Stephen Taylor [a]
2018 Paddington at The Station An image of Paddington Bear sitting inside Paddington Station. David Knapton [a]
2018 Paddington at Buckingham Palace An image of Paddington Bear holding the Union Flag while standing in front of Buckingham Palace. David Knapton [a]
2018 Beatrix Potter: Peter Rabbit An image of Peter Rabbit in his blue jacket and eating carrots and his name. Emma Noble [a]
2018 Beatrix Potter: Flopsy Bunny An image of Flopsy Bunny in her recognisable red cape and her name. Emma Noble [a]
2018 Beatrix Potter: The Tailor of Gloucester An image of The Tailor of Gloucester a mouse sitting on a reel of thread, reading a newspaper and the words "The Tailor of Gloucester". Emma Noble [a]
2018 Beatrix Potter: Mrs Tittlemouse An image of Mrs Tittlemouse the houseproud little mouse carrying her basket and her name above the image. Emma Noble [a]
2019 Sherlock Holmes An image of Sherlock Holmes surrounded by the names of all the Sherlock Holmes Books. Stephen Raw [a]
2019 Paddington at The Tower of London An image of Paddington Bear holding a marmalade sandwich whilst standing outside Tower of London. David Knapton [a]
2019 Paddington at St Paul's Cathedral An image of Paddington Bear raising his hat in front of St Paul's Cathedral. David Knapton [a]

One Pound[edit]

Despite variation in design


are not commemorative and instead follow common themes , which represent icons form the Home Nations

Two Pounds[edit]

Blah blah blah

Year Event Design Designer Mintage
1986 XIII Commonwealth Games Cross of St Andrew, crown of laurel leaves and Scottish Thistle Norman Sillman 8,212,184
1989 Tercentenary of the Bill of Rights Cypher of 'W&M' (King William and Queen Mary) interlaced surmounting a horizontal Parliamentary Mace and representation of the Royal Crown above and the dates 1689 and 1989 below, all within the inscription 'Tercentenary of the Bill of Rights' John Lobban 4,432,000
1989 Tercentenary of the Claim of Right Cypher of 'W&M' (King William and Queen Mary) interlaced surmounting a horizontal Parliamentary Mace and representation of the Royal Crown above and the dates 1689 and 1989 below, all within the inscription 'Tercentenary of the Claim of Right' John Lobban 345,891
1994 Tercentenary of the Bank of England The Bank's Corporate Seal including the Crown and Cypher of King William and Queen Mary and the dates 1694–1994 Leslie Durbin 1,443,116
1995 50th Anniversary of the end of the Second World War A stylised representation of a Dove as the symbol of peace John Mills 4,391,248
1995 50th Anniversary of the founding of the United Nations 50th anniversary symbol of United Nations and a fanning pattern of flags with the inscription NATIONS UNITED FOR PEACE above and the dates '1945–1995' below Michael Rizzello 1,665,257
1996 10th European Football Championship A stylised representation of a football, with the date of 1996 centrally placed and encircled by sixteen small rings John Mills 5,141,350
1999 1999 Rugby World Cup Design depicts a stadium, on which is superimposed a rugby ball and goalpost. The date '1999' above separated by goal-posts from the value 'TWO POUNDS' below Ron Dutton 4,933,000
2001 100th Anniversary of Marconi's 1st Wireless Transmission across the Atlantic Radio waves decorating centre and outer border while a spark of electricity linking the zeros of the date represents the generation of the signal Robert Evans 4,558,000
2002 XVII Commonwealth Games in Manchester Stylised figure of an athlete holding a banner and the inscription XVII Commonwealth Games 2002. Behind the athlete is a circle containing the Scottish flag Matthew Bonaccorsi 771,750
2002 XVII Commonwealth Games in Manchester Stylised figure of an athlete holding a banner and the inscription XVII Commonwealth Games 2002. Behind the athlete is a circle containing the Northern Irish flag Matthew Bonaccorsi 485,500
2002 XVII Commonwealth Games in Manchester Stylised figure of an athlete holding a banner and the inscription XVII Commonwealth Games 2002. Behind the athlete is a circle containing the Welsh flag Matthew Bonaccorsi 588,500
2002 XVII Commonwealth Games in Manchester Stylised figure of an athlete holding a banner and the inscription XVII Commonwealth Games 2002. Behind the athlete is a circle containing the English flag Matthew Bonaccorsi 650,500
2003 50th Anniversary of the discovery of DNA A representation of the double helical structure of DNA with the words DNA Double Helix above and 'TWO POUNDS' and the dates '1953–2003' below John Mills 4,299,000
2004 200th Anniversary of the first steam locomotive by Richard Trevithick A representation of a steam locomotive engine with the words 'TWO POUNDS' above and inside a cog wheel, the words R.TREVITHICK 1804 INVENTION INDUSTRY PROGRESS 2004 as a circumscription Robert Lowe 5,004,500
2005 400th anniversary of the Gunpowder Plot An arrangement of crossiers, maces and swords surrounded by stars and the dates 1605 & 2005. Denomination TWO POUNDS below Peter Forster 5,140,500
2005 60th anniversary of Victory in Europe Day Design depicts St Paul's Cathedral illuminated by searchlights and the value 'TWO POUNDS' sbove and the dates 1945–2005 below Bob Elderton 10,191,000
2006 Bicentennial of the birth of Isambard Kingdom Brunel Depiction of a section of the roof of Paddington Station with the dates 2006 above and the name BRUNEL to the right and the denomination TWO POUNDS below Robert Evans 7,452,250
2006 Bicentennial of the birth of Isambard Kingdom Brunel A portrait of Isambard Kingdom Brunel with two of his engineering achievements, encircled by a chain with the denomination TWO POUNDS above and the date 2006 below Rod Kelly 7,928,250
2007 Tercentenary of the Act of Union between England and Scotland A design dividing the coin into four quarters, with a rose and a thistle occupying two of the quarters and a portcullis in each of the other two quarters. The whole design is overlaid with a linking jigsaw motif and surrounded by the dates "1707" and "2007", and the denomination "TWO POUNDS" Yvonne Holton 7,545,000
2007 Bicentenary of the Abolition of the Slave Trade in the British Empire The date "1807" with the "0" depicted as a broken chain link, surrounded by the inscription "AN ACT FOR THE ABOLITION OF THE SLAVE TRADE" and the date "2007" David Gentleman 8,445,000
2008 Olympic Handover Ceremony A flag showing the five Olympic rings being passed from a hand on the left to a hand on the right. The surrounding inscription reads "BEIJING 2008" left of image and "LONDON 2012" to right. The London 2012 olympic logo is at the bottom of the coin overlapping both metals The Royal Mint Engraving Team 918,000
2008 The Centenary of the London Olympic Games of 1908 Four lanes of a running track extend from bottom left and converge into distance towards top right. The lane numbers show "1908" across the lanes with "TWO POUNDS 2008" written along the lanes. The inscription "LONDON OLYMPIC CENTENARY" is shown around the upper right half of the coin Thomas T Docherty 910,000
2009 250th Anniversary of the birth of Robert Burns A handwriting style of font reads [sic] "we'll tak a cup a' kindness yet, for auld lang syne". The inscription "1759 ROBERT BURNS 1796" above, "TWO POUNDS" below The Royal Mint Engraving Team 3,253,000
2009 200th Anniversary of Charles Darwin's birth A profile portrait of Charles Darwin on left, facing right, stares into the face of a chimpanzee on right, facing left. The inscription "1809 . DARWIN . 2009" above, "TWO POUNDS" below Suzie Zamit 3,903,000
2010 100th Anniversary of the death of Florence Nightingale The design portrays a pulse being taken, whilst the background symbolises the rays of light from the lamp that Florence Nightingale was known for carrying during her rounds to tend to the wounded troops in the Crimean War. Surrounded by the inscription "1820 – FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE – 1910" with "TWO POUNDS" below Gordon Summers 6,175,000
2011 400th Anniversary of the King James Bible The design features typeset in a replica of the black letter typeface used in the first edition: the reversed, raised text of the printing block on the left and the recessed text of the printed word on the right, taking the form of the quote, ‘In the beginning was the Word’ (John 1:1).’[5] Inscription "KING JAMES BIBLE" above, "1611–2011" below Paul Stafford & Benjamin Wright 975,000
2011 500th Anniversary of the maiden voyage of the Mary Rose The Mary Rose sailing right, based upon a 1546 pictorial survey of Henry VIII's navy. Inscription "THE MARY ROSE" above, "TWO POUNDS" below John Bergdahl 1,040,000
2012 200th Anniversary of the birth of Charles Dickens A profile outline of Charles Dickens, facing left, created from the titles of Dickens’ famous works. Inscription "1812 CHARLES DICKENS 1870" to left Matthew Dent 8,190,000
2012 The London 2012 Handover to Rio The design depicts the moment of a baton handover in a relay race. The hand holding the baton descends from top right, above a sweeping UK flag which twists to become the flag of Brazil below the hand reaching up from bottom left to take the baton.[6] Inscription "LONDON 2012" top left, "RIO 2016" bottom right. The London 2012 olympic logo is at the very top of the coin Jonathan Olliffe 845,000
2013 London Underground 150th Anniversary – The Train The front of a tube train (1967 stock) fills the cupro-nickel centre of the coin as if approaching out of a tunnel formed by the surrounding nickel-brass outer ring of the coin. Inscription "1863 · LONDON UNDERGROUND · 2013" above Edward Barber and Jay Osgerby 1,690,000
2013 London Underground 150th Anniversary – The Roundel A representation of the London Underground logo with "1863" above and "2013" below Edwina Ellis 1,560,000
2013 The 350th Anniversary of the Guinea A recreation of the design on what became known as the "spade guinea": a shield with the arms of King George III. Surrounding inscription "ANNIVERSARY OF THE GOLDEN GUINEA 2013" Anthony Smith ARBS 2,990,000
2014 100th Anniversary of the Outbreak of the First World War A representation of the famous recruitment poster featuring Lord Kitchener with the legend "YOUR COUNTRY NEEDS YOU". Surrounding inscription "THE FIRST WORLD WAR 1914–1918" with "2014" below John Bergdahl[7] 5,720,000
2014 500th Anniversary of Trinity House The beacon of a lighthouse shining out to left and right. Surrounding inscription "1514 TRINITY HOUSE 2014" with "TWO POUNDS" below. Joe Whitlock-Blundell and David Eccles[7] 3,705,000
2015 800th Anniversary of the Magna Carta[8] King John is signing the Charter witnessed by a bishop and baron. Surrounding inscription "MAGNA CARTA" with "1215 - 2015" below John Bergdahl 1,495,000
2015 The Royal Navy[9] Iron Duke-class battleship in profile with a lone seaplane on the starboard side and sea birds on the port side. Surrounding inscription "THE FIRST WORLD WAR 1914 - 1918" with "2015" below David Rowlands 650,000
2016 The Army[10] Profile outline of three First World War soldiers. Surrounding inscription "THE FIRST WORLD WAR 1914-1918" with "2016" below John Bergdahl 9,550,000
2016 William Shakespeare[11] Comedy - Jester's hat and stick. Surrounding inscription "WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE" with "2016" below John Bergdahl 4,355,000
2016 William Shakespeare[11] History - crown with a dagger through the middle of the crown. Surrounding inscription "WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE" with "2016" below John Bergdahl 5,655,000
2016 William Shakespeare[11] Tragedy - skull with a rose. Surrounding inscription "WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE" with "2016" below John Bergdahl 4,615,000
2016 The Great Fire of London[12] London burning, with boats on the River Thames in the foreground. Surrounding inscription "1666 THE GREAT FIRE OF LONDON 2016" with "TWO POUNDS" below Aaron West 1,625,000
2017 Jane Austen Silhouette of Jane Austen's head, overlaid by her signature. Dominique Evans [a]
2017 First World War Aviation Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8, carrying a pilot and his observer, taking reconnaissance photography over the Battle of Arras.[13] Dan Flashman [a]
2018 100th Anniversary of the Royal Air Force Rhys Morgan [a]
2018 The 100th Anniversary of the First World War Armistice Stephen Raw [a]
2018 The 200th Anniversary of the publication of Frankenstein Thomas Docherty [a]
2019 Wedgewood 260th Anniversary Wedgewood Design Team [a]
2019 The 350th Anniversary of the last diary entry of Samuel Pepys Gary Breeze [a]


Non-circulating Commemorative Coins[edit]

As a distinct category non-circulating commemorative coins are not designed to enter general circulation and are instead minted specifically as collectibles or to be sold as memorabilia for certain special events. Termed by the Royal Mint as "Consumer Coins", they are similar to circulation coins in that they retain their face value as legal tender, however in practice aren't generally accepted as a medium of exchange. Visually these consumer coins can appear very different from those in circulation in terms of their dimensions, metal content and overall quality. For example a Sovereign; which contains 7.98g of 22 Caret Gold still has a face value equal to £1 despite having a greater intrinsic value. Coins such as these can also be of higher denominations not found in circulation with coin of 20, 50, 100 and even 1,000 pounds having been released.

Twenty Five Pence[edit]

Year Event Designer Mintage
1935 George V and Queen Mary Silver Jubilee Percy Metcalfe unknown

One Pound[edit]

Two Pounds[edit]

Year Event Reverse Designer
1986 Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh Norman Sillman
1989 300th Anniversary of the Bill of Rights John Lobban
1989 300th Anniversary of the Claim of Right Act John Lobban
1994 300th Anniversary of Bank of England Leslie Durbin
1995 50th Anniversary of the end of the Second World War John Mills
1995 50th Anniversary of the United Nations Michael Rizzello
1996 Tenth European Football Championship in England John Mills

Five Pounds[edit]

Ten Pounds[edit]

Twenty Pounds[edit]

Fifty Pounds[edit]

One Hundred Pounds[edit]

In 2015 the Royal Mint produced the first £100 coin[14][15]

Year Event Design Metal Designer Mintage
2015 Big Ben Silver Tom Phillips 50,000

Five Hundred Pounds[edit]

Year Event Design Metal Designer Mintage
2011 2012 Olympic Games Silver Tom Phillips 60

One Thousand Pounds[edit]

In celebration of the 2012 Olympic Games the Royal Mint produced a 1kg gold coin with the face value of £1,000.[16]

Year Event Design Metal Designer Mintage
2011 2012 Olympic Games Gold Anthony Caro 60

Footnotes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Royal Mint mintage figures are published two years after release

References[edit]

  1. ^ Van Wie, Paul D. (1999). Image, History, and Politics: The Coinage of Modern Europe. University Press of America. p. 67. ISBN 978-0761812227.
  2. ^ Little, Stephen (26 February 2019). "Check your change! Best of Britain A to Z 10p coin collection re-released by The Royal Mint". Money Wise. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
  3. ^ Frost, Katie (26 February 2019). "The Royal Mint is re-releasing 26 A - Z 10p coins this month". Country Living. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
  4. ^ Fifty Pence Mintage Figures (50p), Royal Mint
  5. ^ King James £2 coin issued, Royal Mint
  6. ^ London 2012 Handover to Rio – the final London 2012 coin, Royal Mint
  7. ^ a b "The Royal Mint announces coins for 2014". Royal Mint. 6 January 2014. Retrieved 21 January 2014.
  8. ^ 800th Anniversary of the Magna Carta 2015 UK £2 BU Coin Royal Mint (www.royalmint.com). Retrieved on 2014-11-13.
  9. ^ The Royal Navy 2015 UK £2 Brilliant Uncirculated Coin Royal Mint (www.royalmint.com). Retrieved on 2014-11-13.
  10. ^ The Army 2016 UK £2 Brilliant Uncirculated Coin Royal Mint (www.royalmint.com). Retrieved on 2015-11-03.
  11. ^ a b c The Shakespeare 2016 UK £2 Three-Coin BU Set Royal Mint (www.royalmint.com). Retrieved on 2015-11-03.
  12. ^ Great Fire of London 2016 UK £2 Brilliant Uncirculated Coin Royal Mint (www.royalmint.com). Retrieved on 2015-11-03.
  13. ^ [1] Coin Week (www.coinweek.com). Retrieved on 2018-03-16.
  14. ^ Stone, Leah (7 August 2015). "Royal Mint issues second £100 silver coin after last one sold out in 11 days – but are they a good investment?". This is Money. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
  15. ^ "Royal Mint makes £100 coin featuring Big Ben clock tower". 29 December 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
  16. ^ Wallop, Harry (15 February 2011). "£1,000 Olympic gold coin to become legal tender". The Telegraph. Retrieved 30 September 2019.