User:Yellow Evan/Adolph

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Hurricane Adolph
Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS/NWS)
Hurricane Adolph on May 23
FormedMay 21, 1983
DissipatedMay 28, 1983
Highest winds1-minute sustained: 110 mph (175 km/h)
DamageMinimal
Areas affectedCentral United States
Part of the 1983 Pacific hurricane season

Hurricane Adolph was a strong Category 2 hurricane that brushed the coast of Mexico. Forming on May 21 somewhat close to the Equator, it steadily intensified, and by May 24, it peaked just below major hurricane intensity. It then began to gradually weakened, and later made two landfalls along the coast of Mexico before dissipating on May 28. Hurricane Adolph brought no mjaor damage, though at that time, it was the strongest May hurricane. Since then, that record has been broken.

Meteorological history[edit]

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On May 21, a tropical depression formed 500 mi (805 km)* southwest of Managua, Nicaragua[1] becoming one of the most southerly forming tropical cyclones in the basin.[2] As the depression headed gradually west-northwestward over sea surface temperatures of 86–88 °F (30–31 °C), it steadily intensified. Later that day, the depression intensified into a tropical storm, earning the name Adolph.[1] Further intensification occurred as Adolph headed west-northwestward. By May 24,the EPHC reported that Adolph had strengthened enough to be considered a hurricane,[1] setting a then-record for the earliest known hurricane, though this was later surpassed by Hurricane Alma in May of 1990.[3] Shortly thereafter, the storm turned northwestward and intensified into a Category 2 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale (SSHWS). Around that time, Adolph attained its peak intensity with winds of 110 mph (175 km/h).[1]

Following peak intensity, Adolph gradually weakened to a low-end Category 2 hurricane.[4] By May 25, Adolph curved sharply north-northeastward, as a result of being steered by anticyclonic deep-layer mean. Despite being situated over fairly warm waters, wind shear increased, causing Adolph to significantly weaken.[1] The storm weakened back to Category 1 intensity upon curving north-northeastward, and was downgraded to a tropical storm twelve hours later.[4] Rapidly weakening, Tropical Storm Adolph moved onshore near Puerto Vallarta early on May 21, becoming one of three systems to make landfall in Mexico during the season. After briefly moving offshore, it again made landfall near Mazatlán at 0800 UTC that day. Adolph soon dissipated over land,[1] becoming the first of two storms to strike the Pacific coast of Mexico during the season.[5]

Impact and records[edit]

Because Hurricane Adolph had weakened significantly prior to landfall,[1] no deaths or major damage occurred.[6] However, the remnants of the storm brought heavy showers and gusty winds to Florida.[7] Although a modern Pacific hurricane season begins May 15,[8] in 1983, the season officially began on June 1, making Adolph a pre-season storm.[7] At that time, Adolph was the strongest May hurricane on record. However, this record was broken by a hurricane in 2001, ironically named Adolph.[9]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Gunther, E. B.; Cross, R. L. (July 1984). "Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones of 1983". Monthly Weather Review. 112 (7): 1419–1440. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1984)112<1419:ENPTCO>2.0.CO;2.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  2. ^ Pasch, Richard J.; Blake, Eric S. (March 2010). "Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Season of 2008". Monthly Weather Review. 138 (3): 705–721. doi:10.1175/2009MWR3093.1. S2CID 122822532.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  3. ^ Case, Robert (1990). "Hurricane Alma Preliminary Report, Page 1". United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. United State National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 2, 2011.
  4. ^ a b National Hurricane Center; Hurricane Research Division; Central Pacific Hurricane Center (April 4, 2023). "The Northeast and North Central Pacific hurricane database 1949–2022". United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. A guide on how to read the database is available here. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  5. ^ Eric S. Blake; Gibney, Ethan J; Brown, Daniel P; Mainelli, Michelle; Franklin, James L; Kimberlain, Todd B; Hammer, Gregory R; National Hurricane Center (June 2009). Tropical Cyclones of the Eastern North Pacific Basin, 1949-2006 (PDF). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 10, 2013. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ "HANG ON TO YOUR HAT: 'CHANTAL' MAY DROP IN Read more here: http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=MH&s_site=miami&p_multi=MH&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB35C8144B68ABE&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM#storylink=cpy". Miami Herald. May 31, 1983. {{cite news}}: External link in |title= (help)
  7. ^ a b "Alicia will be first hurricane". Miami News. May 31, 1983. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
  8. ^ Dorst Neal. "When is hurricane season?". Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. Archived from the original on 6 December 2010. Retrieved November 25, 2010.
  9. ^ Gary Padgett (2001). "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary for May 01". Retrieved Febuary 11, 2007. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
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