User:Yerevantsi/KarabakhPositions

UN member states

Afghanistan

In 2008 Afghanistan voted for the UN General Assembly Resolution 62/243. During the 2020 war, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that "Afghanistan demands the end of occupation in Nagorno-Karabakh and supports the efforts by the people and government of Azerbaijan and other nations of the world in this regard."

Albania

President Ilir Meta: "I confirmed Albania's support for the territorial integrity of Azerbaijan and for the solution of the conflict around Nagorno-Karabakh in peaceful way, through negotiations in the framework of the OSCE Minsk Group".

https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/azerbaijan-albania-must-work-to-increase-trade-turnover-azerbaijani-president/2564129 Rama also expressed his pleasure to be in Azerbaijan after the liberation of Azerbaijan's lands from long-standing occupation. He emphasized that Albania has always supported and will continue to support Azerbaijan.

https://web.archive.org/web/20220415074048/https://president.az/en/articles/view/55804 "both in the capacity of a chairman of the OSCE and now in the capacity of a member of the UN Security Council, Albania has been, is and will be fully supportive of Azerbaijan, of truth and historical rights of Azerbaijan."

Belarus

In the 2010s Belarus tacitly supported Azerbaijan's position within the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) and the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), where it is nominally allied with Armenia. Belarus has explicitly supported Azerbaijan's territorial integrity in joint statements. After the 2020 armistice agreement, President Alexander Lukashenko told Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov that "largely thanks to Russia, this bloodshed has stopped, that people are not longer dying there and that the process, though still at its nascent stage, towards the normalization of relations in the Caucasus has begun is a very positive and good sign."

Bosnia and Herzegovina

During the 2020 war, Bosniak member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina Šefik Džaferović and the leader of the Party of Democratic Action, Bakir Izetbegović, voiced support for Azerbaijan, condemning Armenia and comparing the situation with the 1992–1995 Bosnian War.

Canada

During the 2020 war, Canada suspended the export of Canadian drone technology to Turkey after reports that it was being used in Nagorno-Karabakh. Foreign Minister Francois-Philippe Champagne stated that "Turkey and all external parties should stay out of the conflict." Canada and the UK released a joint statement "reiterat[ing] the urgent need to end the continuing military action in and around the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict zone." They stated that a "comprehensive resolution of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict [...] can only be delivered through a negotiated settlement and not through military action."

China

At the 2008 UNGA vote, China's representative stated that the country "respected and supported Azerbaijan's sovereignty and territorial integrity" and voiced support for the efforts of the Minsk Group. A 2013 statement by China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that it "respects the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all states" and that it "supports all the efforts of the international community aimed at a peaceful solution of the Nagorno-Karabakh issue." During the 2020 war, China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Wang Wenbin called for restraint and for resolution of differences through dialogue. Wang stated after the armistice agreement that "China will work with Russia and other members of the international community and play a constructive role for regional peace and stability."

Cyprus

Cyprus stated that the 2016 clashes began after "the violations of the armistice line from Azerbaijani military forces" and called on Turkey to "refrain from any activities and statements that further destabilize the unfolding situation." During the July 2020 skirmishes, Foreign Minister Nikos Christodoulides "condemned the ceasefire violation by Azerbaijan." During the 2020 war, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs condemned "the breach of the ceasefire by Azerbaijan, that has led to intense fighting and resulted in casualties also amongst the civilian population." The parliament of Cyprus passed a resolution condemning Azerbaijan's violation of the Minsk Process and Turkey's involvement.

Georgia

https://books.google.am/books?id=8P3pOV4CWJsC&pg=PA226&dq=marneuli+armenia+gas+russia+azerbaijanis&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwihrMTzm8H2AhXUSPEDHV4YBUEQ6AF6BAgLEAI#v=onepage&q=marneuli%20armenia%20gas%20russia%20azerbaijanis&f=false In early 1993, Georgia's involvement in the war between Armenia and Azerbaijan shifted from a "neutral" posture favoring Armenia to one favoring Azerbaijan. While denying any "problems" in the real- tionship with Armenia, head of state Shevardnadze pointedly noted that 66 Georgia had more pressing concerns at the moment and thus "we simply do not have time to formulate our contacts and common interests in agreements." The Georgians did find time, however, to prepare an economic cooperation agreement with Azerbaijan, with Shevardnadze noting that "our interests complement each other"...

The gas pipeline on which Armenia heavily depends runs from Russia through this Azerbaijani-populated region. It is probably no coincidence that the pipeline was blown up in this region by saboteurs on at least three separate occasions in early 1993. Georgia's protests that it was 133 unable to ensure the safety of the pipeline were rejected by Armenia, 133 which saw the matter as tacit confirmation of a Georgian-Azerbaijani alliance.

Dina Malysheva wrote in a 2001 SIPRI publication that Georgia has an "obviously pro-Azerbaijan approach to the Karabakh problem" and that it "upholds the preservation of Azerbaijan’s territorial integrity and supports the latter in its conflict with Armenia on most contentious issues." Georgia and Azerbaijan have a tradition of declaring support for each other's territorial integrity. In 2008 Georgia voted for the UN General Assembly Resolution 62/243. In April 2020 the Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated: "Georgia supports territorial integrity and sovereignty of the Republic of Azerbaijan within its internationally recognized borders and supports the peaceful settlement of conflict based on the principles and norms of international law."

During the 2020 war, Prime Minister Giorgi Gakharia called "international actors to make the most of the available opportunities to end the escalation and resume dialogue" and suggested that "Georgia is ready to facilitate this process in any way, including by hosting a meeting of representatives of the sides of the conflict in Tbilisi for the purpose of holding a dialogue." Former president Mikheil Saakashvili, an official in Ukraine at the time, stated that "Nagorno-Karabakh is a sovereign territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and nothing will change this fact, at the same time the dispute shall be settled peacefully."

In early October, the Georgian government announced that because of the conflict, it has temporarily suspended the issuance of permits for transiting military cargo through its territory, by air or land, in the direction of both countries. However, reports suggested that it was not being enforced by air. Georgia welcomed the armistice agreement and expressed hope that it will "contribute to the full-scale resolution of the conflict."

Germany

Germany is a member of the Minsk Group and supports the efforts of co-chair countries. During the 2016 clashes, Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier called on the parties "to put an end to the fighting without delay and to respect the ceasefire in full" and noted that there "can be no military solution to this conflict." He later said that the clashes showed that "the status quo of the last years is untenable on a permanent basis." In 2018 Chancellor Angela Merkel stated that Germany is "ready to take on responsibility for resolving the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh." The official government press release said that Germany "encourages Azerbaijan and Armenia to find a peaceful solution to this conflict that is acceptable to both sides."

https://www.dw.com/en/nagorno-karabakh-conflict-germanys-merkel-urges-ceasefire-as-violence-escalates/a-55088518 Merkel urges ceasefire as violence escalates "The chancellor ... urgently called for an immediate ceasefire and a return to the negotiating table," her spokesman Steffen Seibert wrote on Twitter.

https://www.dw.com/en/germany-under-pressure-to-take-sides-in-nagorno-karabakh-conflict/a-55364432 "The German Government again calls on Armenia and Azerbaijan to respect the agreements reached on 10 and 17 October, 2020, regarding a humanitarian ceasefire between the two countries, to immediately end all hostilities and to avoid further casualties at all costs," the German Foreign Office said in a recent statement. "Armenia and Azerbaijan have committed to facilitating humanitarian assistance," it added.

Greece

During the first war, Greece adopted a pro-Armenian position and supported it in international forums. In the post-war years, Greece supports the Minsk Group's efforts.

During the 2020 war, Greece called for restraint and immediate cessation of hostilities. Greece criticized Turkey's involvement, with Foreign Minister Nikos Dendias saying that "Turkey is the common denominator behind aggression and instability of the region." Dendias also "reaffirmed the strong bonds of friendship between the two countries" and added that "Greece and the Greek people will stand by the Armenian people in this difficult situation."

In October 2020, Greece recalled its ambassador to Azerbaijan after the Azerbaijani government made "completely unfounded and insulting allegations" about tolerating the preparation of terrorist acts, attempts to recruit terrorist fighters and cyberattacks against Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan responded by recalling its ambassador to Greece.

Hungary

During the 2020 war, the Foreign Ministry stated: "The Armenian-majority Nagorno-Karabakh lies within the internationally recognized borders of Azerbaijan, and Hungary supports the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the states as a general principle of international law."

India

In 1993, during the first war, India said it had "followed with great concern the escalation of hostilities in Nagorno-Karabakh with considerable ingress of Armenian forces into Azerbaijan" and had called for "respecting each others’ territorial integrity and inviolability of existing borders." In 1994–95, India provided Armenia humanitarian assistance in the form of two consignments of medicines for the persons affected by the conflict.

In 2008 India voted against the UN General Assembly Resolution 62/243. Anurag Srivastava, spokesperson of Ministry of External Affairs stated in 2020 that India supports the efforts of the Minsk Group. Armenia considers India's position "balanced." During the 2020 war, India's Ministry of External Affairs called on the sides to cease hostilities immediately. The statement added, "India believes that any lasting resolution of the conflict can only be achieved peacefully through diplomatic negotiations. In this regard, we support OSCE Minsk Group’s continued efforts for a peaceful resolution of the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan."

Indonesia

In 2008 Indonesia voted for the UN General Assembly Resolution 62/243. During the 2020 war, Indonesia called on both sides to "exercise self-restraint, ceasefire, return to dialogue, and peacefully settle their disputes, in accordance with international law and relevant UN Security Council resolutions."

Italy

https://www.ecfr.eu/article/commentary_almost_an_ally_italys_new_approach_to_azerbaijan_and_the_nagorno

https://jamestown.org/program/azerbaijan-and-italy-boost-cooperation-in-multiple-domains/

https://www.aa.com.tr/en/azerbaijan-front-line/italy-backs-negotiated-solution-over-upper-karabakh/1993730 Foreign Minister Luigi Di Maio “I have expressed our concern over the clashes, which pose the risk of a military escalation. The status quo is not sustainable, only a negotiated situation could be a solution,” Di Maio said.

https://www.ruptly.tv/en/videos/20201002-033-Italy--FM-Di-Maio-calls-for--negotiated-resolution--to-Nagorno-Karabakh-clashes-alongside-Turkey-s-Cavusoglu "We understand that the status quo in the region is not sustainable, only a negotiated resolution can bring to the peace and stability to both countries", di Maio said stressing that "Turkey could play a definitive role in this" process.

https://www.esteri.it/mae/en/sala_stampa/archivionotizie/comunicati/2020/11/nota-farnesina-cessate-il-fuoco-in-nagorno-karabakh.html Ceasefire in Nagorno Karabakh

https://www.esteri.it/mae/en/sala_stampa/archivionotizie/comunicati/2020/10/nota-farnesina-nagorno-karabakh_0.html Note of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Nagorno Karabakh

Japan

Japan has repeatedly supported the OSCE Minsk Group. In a joint statement, Japan and Armenia said that a final settlement "should be based on principles and norms of international law; the UN Charter; the Helsinki Final Act, principles of Non-Use of Force, Territorial Integrity, and the Equal Rights and Self-Determination of Peoples." While in two joint statements, Japan and Azerbaijan singled out the three principles of the OSCE Lisbon summit, the relevant UN Security Council resolutions, and the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity of Azerbaijan and the inviolability of the internationally recognized borders.

Kazakhstan

Nazarbayev mediator 1991 Zheleznovodsk Communiqué http://profil.am/?p=9050 http://www.aniarc.am/2022/01/05/zheleznowodsk-communique-1991-nk/

In the 2010s Kazakhstan had a de facto pro-Azerbaijani position on the conflict. It has shown its tacit support for Azerbaijan within the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) and the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), despite nominal alliance with Armenia.

During the 2020 war, Kazakhstan called on Armenia and Azerbaijan to "take all measures to stabilize the situation, abandon the use of force, and start negotiations." Kazakhstan welcomed the tripartite statement and "emphasize the constructive role" of Russia. In November 2021 President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev congratulate Aliyev and Azerbaijanis "on the national holiday marking the restoration of the territorial integrity of Azerbaijan in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the resolutions of the UN Security Council."

Tokayev August 24, 2022 https://www.akorda.kz/ru/kasym-zhomart-tokaev-i-ilham-aliev-proveli-peregovory-v-rasshirennom-formate-247307 Также только что была сделана презентация дара Казахстана Азербайджану – центра творческого развития детей, который будет построен на освобожденных территориях. И это еще одно проявление братского отношения к нашему народу, вклад в дело восстановления Карабаха, – подчеркнул Президент Азербайджана.

Lebanon

President of Lebanon Michel Suleiman stated in 2011 the conflict should be resolved on the basis of the principle of people's self-determination. He also said that Lebanon has never supported the statements of the OIC on the conflict. Nabih Berri, Speaker of the Parliament of Lebanon, stated in 2015 that Lebanon supports Armenia. During the 2020 war, the Foreign Ministry called for a diplomatic resolution.

Moldova

Moldova has repeatedly voiced support for Azerbaijan and its territorial integrity. In 2008 Moldova voted for the UN General Assembly Resolution 62/243. Vladimir Voronin, Moldova's president in 2001–09, stated in 2008 that Moldova "has always supported and will support Azerbaijan and its territorial integrity. It will also support Azerbaijan and its positions in international organization." Moldova's Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated in April 2020 that the country "supports the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Azerbaijan and confirms its openness to further support the efforts made in the reglementation by peaceful means of the conflict from Nagorno-Karabakh region, based on norms and principles of international law."

Netherlands

https://www.eng.kavkaz-uzel.eu/articles/53030/ Parliament of the Netherlands adopts resolution in support of Nagorno-Karabakh

https://www.eng.kavkaz-uzel.eu/articles/53138/ Azerbaijan treats resolutions of Dutch Parliament on Karabakh as biased

https://en.armradio.am/2020/12/17/dutch-parliament-passes-motion-calling-for-humanitarian-assistance-to-nagorno-karabakh/ Dutch Parliament passes motion, calling for humanitarian assistance to Nagorno Karabakh

https://www.europeansanctions.com/2020/11/dutch-parliament-calls-for-nagorno-karabagh-sanctions/ Dutch Parliament calls for Nagorno-Karabagh sanctions

https://armenpress.am/eng/news/1030754.html House of Representatives of Netherlands adopts resolution over terrorists sent by Turkey

Pakistan

Pakistan is either the only or one of the two (along with Saudi Arabia) UN member state(s) not to have recognized Armenia's independence in support for Azerbaijan. Speaking at the United Nations Security Council in 1993, the representative of Pakistan stated that it "condemned the continuing Armenian aggression" against Azerbaijan and "demanded the immediate withdrawal of Armenian forces from all occupied Azerbaijani territories." Support for the Azerbaijani position has been repeated by Pakistani leaders over the years, including by Presidents Farooq Leghari (1996), Mamnoon Hussain (2015), Arif Alvi (2019), and Prime Ministers Benazir Bhutto (1996), Imran Khan (2020). During the 2020 war, Pakistan's Foreign Ministry said the country "stands with the brotherly nation of Azerbaijan and supports its right of self-defence" and that Pakistan "believed in restoration of territorial integrity and sovereignty of Azerbaijan over [Nagorno-Karabakh] and Azerbaijan’s occupied territories."

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia has traditionally sided with Azerbaijan on the conflict and has reportedly not recognized Armenia. In 2008 Saudi Arabia voted for the UN General Assembly Resolution 62/243. Abdullah ibn Muhammad Al ash-Sheikh, chairman of the Consultative Assembly (Shura Council), stated in 2010 that Saudi Arabia "supports all international organizations' decisions and resolutions supporting resolution of the conflict based on territorial integrity of Azerbaijan." Saudi support for Azerbaijan has been repeated by Saudi ambassadors to Azerbaijan in 2003 and 2019. During the 2020 war, the Saudi government, in the wake of tensions with Turkey, did not explicitly side with Azerbaijan. Saudi Arabia urged Armenia and Azerbaijan to "cease fire and resolve the conflict peacefully in accordance with the relevant Security Council resolutions."

Serbia

Serbia has explicitly supported Azerbaijan's position in the conflict and its territorial integrity. In 2008 Serbia voted for the UN General Assembly Resolution 62/243. In 2011 Serbia's President Boris Tadić stated that Serbia supports Azerbaijan's territorial integrity and its position on the resolution of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. During the 2020 war, President Aleksandar Vučić said that Armenia and Azerbaijan are "two brotherly and friendly nations for us" and that "Although it sounds like a cliche, peace really has no alternative."

Syria

During the 2020 war, President Bashar al-Assad said that Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan "was the main instigator and initiator of the recent conflict." The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates said "Syria calls on the Azerbaijani government to be careful not to fall into the trap of the Turkish plan and to respond to the Armenian initiatives that call for calm, dialogue and resolving the differences between them peacefully." Ambassador of Syria to Armenia Mohammed Haj Ibrahim considered inadmissible and rejected the involvement of the mercenaries and terrorists in the 44-day war.

Ukraine

In 1992 Azerbaijani President Abulfaz Elchibey stated that "in the Karabakh conflict, Ukraine supports Baku." Successive governments of Ukraine have repeatedly voiced support for Azerbaijan in the conflict. In 2008 Ukraine voted for the UN General Assembly Resolution 62/243. Ukrainian presidents Leonid Kuchma (2004), Viktor Yushchenko (2006), Viktor Yanukovych (2011), Petro Poroshenko (2016), and Volodymyr Zelensky (2019) have explicitly supported the Azerbaijani position. At the 2008 UNGA vote, Ukraine's representative said conflicts in the territories of Azerbaijan, Moldova and Georgia should be settled "based on unconditional recognition of the territorial integrity of those countries." In 2006 President Yushchenko suggested that Ukraine could send peacekeepers to Karabakh.

"This is modern Russian politics. And I have tried dozens and dozens of times at conferences to make one thing clear: Don't call this a Ukrainian problem. Don't call what's going on in Azerbaijan, in Nagorno-Karabakh, an Azerbaijani problem. Don't call what's happening in South Ossetia and Abkhazia a Georgian problem. Or what's happening in Transdniester a Moldovan problem. These are all Russian problems. It's an entire chain of destabilization that exists alongside all of us in Eastern Europe." https://web.archive.org/web/20220415084846/https://docs.rferl.org/Infographics/2016/2016_01/2016_01_Russia_and_Me/data/Viktor_Yushchenko.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20210514113435/https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-and-me/27557185.html

Ukraine voiced support for Azerbaijan and its territorial integrity during the 2016 and 2020 skirmishes. During the 2020 war, Ukraine refrained from taking sides, possibly due to the influence of Interior Minister Arsen Avakov, who is of Armenian origin. However, Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba stated: "we have consistently supported the territorial integrity of Azerbaijan, just as Azerbaijan supported our territorial integrity within internationally recognized borders, and this principle remains absolutely unchanged for us." Eduard Basurin, spokesperson of the Donetsk People's Republic military, claimed that Ukraine delivered Azerbaijan anti-tank missile systems, but Avakov stated that Ukraine will not provide military assistance to any of the sides.

Zelensky stated that Ukraine supports Azerbaijan's territorial integrity

In July 2021 Vladyslav Kanevskyi, Ukraine’s Ambassador to Azerbaijan, after visiting Shusha, wrote: "Dream comes true! I visited the city of Shusha, the heart of Karabakh and the spiritual capital of Azerbaijani people!"

2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

Artsakh positive reaction to International recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic

On February 22, 2022 Arayik Harutyunyan, President of the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh, issued a statement welcoming the decision to recognize the independence of the Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics. He stated that "the right of nations to self-determination and building one's own state is inalienable for every people and is a fundamental principle of the international law." 13.03.2022 З метою термінового поповнення втрат окупаційних військ ЗС РФ перекидають частину “миротворчого” контингенту з Нагірного Карабаху (Азербайджан) в Україну. https://www.kmu.gov.ua/news/operativna-informaciya-stanom-na-1200-13032022-shchodo-rosijskogo-vtorgnennya https://web.archive.org/web/20220314082627/https://www.kmu.gov.ua/news/operativna-informaciya-stanom-na-1200-13032022-shchodo-rosijskogo-vtorgnennya

Mar 14, 2022 MFA of Artsakh https://twitter.com/mfankr/status/1503287400814030851 The statement of the Ukrainian General Staff that fighters from Nagorno Karabagh are arriving in #Ukraine is a blatant disinformation and does not correspond to reality. https://archive.ph/mSIJp

On March 25, 2022 the official Twitter page of Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's parliament, tweeted with a thumbs up emoji that the Azerbaijani armed forces have gone on the offensive in Karabakh. The tweet was then deleted.

On March 26, 2022 Oleksiy Danilov, Secretary of Ukraine's National Security and Defense Council, stated in a televised speech that opening of additional fronts elsewhere, including in Nagorno-Karabakh, would greatly help Ukraine fight the Russian invasion.

United Kingdom

https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ceasefire-violations-on-the-border-between-armenia-and-azerbaijan We reiterate our support for the negotiation process facilitated by the Co-Chairs of the OSCE Minsk Group aimed at securing a peaceful settlement to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

https://www.gov.uk/government/news/minister-for-europe-statement-on-nagorno-karabakh-conflict I call upon both Armenia and Azerbaijan to engage constructively and intensively in the search for a negotiated peaceful settlement through the Minsk Group process.

https://www.gov.uk/government/news/fco-minister-comments-on-20th-anniversary-of-nagorno-karabakh-ceasefire The UK supports the work of the Minsk Group Co-Chairs who continue to work hard to facilitate progress on the peace agreement. The elements making up a deal, including the return of occupied territories and the acceptance of a free expression of will on the status of Nagorno-Karabakh, were once again set out clearly on 7 May by the US Co-Chair, Ambassador James Warlick.

Nagorno-Karabakh: UK and Canada joint statement in response to continued military clashes Canada and the United Kingdom reiterate the urgent need to end the continuing military action in and around the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict zone. A comprehensive resolution of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is overdue. That can only be delivered through a negotiated settlement and not through military action

Ambassador of the United Kingdom to Azerbaijan James Sharp: "congratulated the Azerbaijani people on the victory in the Patriotic War."

British Ambassador to Azerbaijan: “Today, I am in the territories liberated from occupation”

Artak Beglaryan: We saw the open British support to Azerbaijan during the Azerbaijani-Turkish aggression in 2020. And now, when Parukh and Karaglukh are occupied, the United Kingdom is not even hiding its strategic support, and we can only guess the amount and type of real support beyond the curtains. It is done both to strengthen the position of the Azerbaijani-Turkish tandem in the region, and especially now to strike at the vital interests of Russia, as a result of which the life and security of the native people of Artsakh are trampled. https://mediamax.am/en/news/karabakh/46948/ https://web.archive.org/web/20220401065430/https://mediamax.am/en/news/karabakh/46948/

United States

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/04/us-armenia-azerbaijan-nagaon-karabakh US silence on Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict reflects international disengagement

U.S. Says Russian Peacekeepers Risk ‘Destabilizing’ Situation https://asbarez.com/199315/u-s-says-russian-peacekeepers-risk-destabilizing-situation/

Госдеп заявил о "риске дестабилизации" в Карабахе из-за России https://ria.ru/20201216/karabakh-1589591212.html

We’ve watched Turkey begin to reinforce Azerbaijan. We’ve asked every international player to stay out of the region, not to continue to reinforce trouble, and we’re working to deliver that.

We – we’re hopeful that the Armenians will be able to defend against what the Azerbaijanis are doing, and that they will all, before that takes place, get the ceasefire right

We now have the Turks, who have stepped in and provided resources to Azerbaijan, increasing the risk, increasing the firepower that’s taking place in this historic fight over this place called Nagorno-Karabakh, a small territory with about 150,000 people

Ambassador Hutchison: Well, NATO is trying to do what the U.S. is doing, what Russia is doing as well, and that is to try to stop the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh. This is an issue that has been festering for 30 years. There is a Minsk Group of co-chairs, which is U.S., Russia, and France, that is willing to go into the initial conflict, which is where are the sovereign boundaries of Azerbaijan and what can accommodate the Armenian population within those boundaries? That can be settled, and then this conflict would end.

Trump: “We have a lot of people living in this country from Armenia originally ... and they’re great people,” Trump told reporters. “We’re going to help them.”

AMB. O'BRIEN: --trying to broker peace in between Armenia and Azerbaijan.

MARGARET BRENNAN: And we will--

AMB. O'BRIEN: And Armenia- and Armenia has accepted a cease fire. Azerbaijan has not yet. We're- we're pushing them to do so.

https://www.foxla.com/news/national-security-advisor-visits-la-to-discuss-efforts-of-ending-war-between-armenia-and-azerbaijan https://web.archive.org/web/20210305111241/https://www.foxla.com/news/national-security-advisor-visits-la-to-discuss-efforts-of-ending-war-between-armenia-and-azerbaijan

https://www.facebook.com/100002546859949/posts/4156247134470141/

“We have to get prisoners released, we have to get humanitarian support back in, we have to ensure sovereignty and territorial integrity of Armenia”.

Victoria Nuland, April 16, 2021

At the US Senate Foreign Relations Committee hearing, for her confirmation as Under Secretary of State on Political Affairs

Uzbekistan

In 2008 Uzbekistan voted for the UN General Assembly Resolution 62/243. President Islam Karimov stated during his visit to Azerbaijan in 2010 that "Uzbekistan has consistently advocated and continues to advocate a peaceful, political solution to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and at the same time considers ensuring the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Azerbaijan as the main condition for the settlement." President Shavkat Mirziyoyev stated in 2017 that "Uzbekistan supports Azerbaijan's fair stance on the settlement" of the conflict and "stands for unambiguous fulfillment of the UN Security Council's conflict-related resolutions." During the 2020 war, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs said that Uzbekistan reaffirms the importance of "the peaceful resolution of controversial issues in the CIS." After the 2020 war, Mirziyoyev welcomed the armistice agreement and congratulated Azerbaijani president Ilham Aliyev "on the return of the territories of Nagorno-Karabakh and the restoration of historical justice."

raw

In 2008 XXX voted XXX of the UN General Assembly Resolution 62/243.

International_reactions_to_the_2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_war

Joint statements

Azerbaijan, Iran, and Turkey

Stressed their commitment to principles of international law, in particular, respect of and support for sovereignty, territorial integrity, inviolability of internationally recognized borders, peaceful settlement of all disputes, as well as non-interference in internal affairs;

Reiterated in this regard the importance of the earliest resolution of Armenia-Azerbaijan Nagorno-Karabakh conflict on the basis of the above-mentioned principles;

Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey

http://www.mfa.gov.tr/joint-communique-of-the-second-trilateral-meeting-of-the-ministers-of-foreign-affairs-of-the-republic-of-azerbaijan_-georgia-and.en.mfa 2013 Reiterated their firm support for each others’ sovereignty and territorial integrity and underlined the importance of earliest peaceful settlement of the conflict in and around the Nagorno-Karabakh region of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the conflict over Abkhazia, Georgia and Tskhinvali Region/South Ossetia, Georgia, on the basis of respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity and inviolability of the internationally recognized borders of the States. Herewith, underscored the necessity of safe and dignified return of the refugees and internally displaced persons to their places of origin;

Azerbaijan, Pakistan and Turkey

The trilateral meeting of the foreign ministers of Azerbaijan, Pakistan and Turkey in January 2021 adopted a declaration stating that the three countries "Reiterated their support for putting an end to the Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict and normalization of relations on the basis of sovereignty and territorial integrity and internationally recognized borders of Azerbaijan in accordance with the relevant UN Security Council resolutions."

Russia, United States, France

Between 2009 and 2013, the presidents of Russia, United States, France (Minsk Group co-chair countries) released joint statements during the Group of Eight (G8) summits.

2009 https://www.osce.org/mg/51152 https://www.azatutyun.am/a/1774163.html

2010 https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/g8-summit-joint-statement-nagorno-karabakh-conflict-dmitry-medvedev-president-russi https://www.osce.org/mg/69515

2011 http://www.g7.utoronto.ca/summit/2011deauville/2011-nagorno-karabakh-en.html https://www.osce.org/mg/78195

2012 https://www.osce.org/mg/91393

2013 https://www.osce.org/mg/102856

UN observer states

Palestine

Foreign Minister Riad al-Malki stated in 2009: "We have always declared that territories under Armenian occupation belong to Azerbaijan. We call on international community to exert pressure on Armenia in order to achieve peace." President Mahmoud Abbas stated in Azerbaijan in 2011: "There are common problems between us. Azerbaijan and Palestine have similar problems. Your lands are also under occupation."

Holy See

In his addresses to Armenians in 2015 and 2016, Pope Francis said: "may peace also spring forth in Nagorno Karabakh." During the 2020 war, he welcomed the ceasefire of October 10. In his Easter address in April 2021 the pope stated: "May [the Lord] grant that prisoners of conflicts, especially in eastern Ukraine and Nagorno-Karabakh, may return safely to their families."

Unrecognized states

Abkhazia

Abkhazia and Artsakh recognize each other. Abkhazia's Foreign Minister Viacheslav Chirikba voiced support for Artsakh during the 2016 clashes.

Northern Cyprus

Northern Cyprus has repeatedly voiced support for Azerbaijan, including by Prime Minister Ersin Tatar and Foreign Minister Emine Çolak. After the 2020 armistice agreement, President Tatar congratulated on behalf of the Turkish Cypriot people. "The happiness of our Azerbaijani brothers is our happiness," he said, adding that "We are three states, one nation."

South Ossetia

South Ossetia and Artsakh recognize each other. South Ossetia voiced support for Artsakh during the 2016 clashes. During the 2020 war South Ossetia's Foreign Ministry said Azerbaijan's use of artillery and aviation that caused casualties among the civilian population of Artsakh was "of particular concern."

Transnistria

Transnistria and Artsakh recognize each other. Transnistria voiced support for Artsakh during the 2016 clashes. During the 2020 war, Transnistria said the escalation was due to Azerbaijani army's "attacking actions against the Republic of Artsakh," which the Foreign Ministry of Transnistria described as "military aggression." Transnistria expressed "sincere empathy and solidarity with the brotherly people of the Republic of Artsakh."

Positions of international organisations

European Union

According to Nicu Popescu, the EU "has traditionally invested much energy and political effort in maintaining a neutral approach" to the conflict and "has tried to develop a balanced partnership with both Armenia and Azerbaijan, and avoided at all costs taking the sides." According to him, the EU "has remained paralysed in the middle without having a clear-cut approach toward conflict mediation."

https://eeas.europa.eu/headquarters/headquarters-homepage/82766/armenia-azerbaijan-statement-spokesperson-recent-armed-clashes_en

https://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/fiji/2921/node/2921_en The European Union fully supports the efforts of the OSCE Minsk Group and the three Co-Chairs. We expect both sides to respect strictly the ceasefire, refrain from the use of force and resume efforts towards a peaceful resolution of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

The representative of Slovenia, speaking in explanation of position before the vote on behalf of the European Union, said that, while recognizing the right of Member States to bring issues to the attention of the General Assembly for consideration, the Minsk Group should retain the lead in settling the Nagorny Karabakh conflict. The European Union reiterated its support for all the principles, without exception, set up within the Minsk Group, and valued the views of the Group’s co-chairs.

She said the settlement of Nagorny Karabakh dispute was an important part of the Union’s European Neighbourhood Policy and featured prominently in the related action plans. The European Union was ready to support all steps that contributed to a peaceful resolution of the conflict, and called on the parties concerned to avoid any actions that could lead to heightened tensions and undermine the ongoing mediation efforts.

https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/04/06/statement-of-european-council-president-charles-michel-following-the-second-trilateral-meeting-with-president-ilham-aliyev-and-prime-minister-nikol-pashinyan/ 6 April 2022 Statement of European Council President Charles Michel following the Second Trilateral Meeting with President Ilham Aliyev and Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan

Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)

OIC Contact Group on Aggression of the Republic of Armenia against the Republic of Azerbaijan https://www.oic-oci.org/docdown/?docID=1620&refID=1068

https://www.oic-oci.org/docdown/?docID=4525&refID=1255

https://web.archive.org/web/20200416131334/http://mfa.gov.az/en/content/395/organization-of-islamic-cooperation-oic

Jeddah, September 28, 2020, SPA -- The General Secretariat of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) is following with concern the attacks launched by the Armenian Army against Azerbaijan in several locations in Azerbaijan's territory, violating the cease-fire and resulting in civilian casualties.

The representative of Pakistan, speaking on behalf of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC), said the group had a long-standing, principled and firm position concerning Armenia’s aggression against Azerbaijan, and had articulated its full support for the latter’s just stance in relevant OIC declarations, communiqués and resolutions at the summit and ministerial levels. At their May 2007 session, OIC foreign ministers had reiterated their condemnation of Armenia’s continuing aggression against the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Azerbaijan, which constituted a blatant violation of the principles of the United Nations Charter and international law. They had called for the immediate, complete and unconditional withdrawal of Armenian forces from all the occupied territories and for the peaceful resolution of the conflict on the basis of respect for territorial integrity and the inviolability of internationally recognized borders.

Gulf Cooperation Council

Riyadh, September 27, 2020, SPA -- Secretary General of the Gulf Cooperation Council Naif Al-Hajraf expressed his anxiety about the escalating tensions between the Armenia and Azerbaijan, due to their dispute over the Nagrono-Karabakh region. In a statement issued today, Al-Hajraf stressed the importance of taking the dispute to the negotiating table, and halting these escalations within the framework of international law for the sake of the stability and security of the region and the world.

GUAM

Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, and Moldova form the GUAM organization and support the Azerbaijani position in the format as well.

Turkic Council

the Turkic Council have repeatedly supported the Azerbaijani position.

Non-Aligned Movement

https://president.az/en/articles/view/51067 Ilham Aliyev attended opening of Military Trophy Park in Baku 12 april 2021

We needed to prepare for the second Karabakh war, and we did. Political stability and civil unity were secured. With the support of the people, very confident reforms were carried out and the situation in the political space improved. On the international arena, international organizations adopted important decisions and resolutions that met our interests. When I talked about this in previous years, some thought that such documents may have been adopted, but all this was to no avail. We see the outcome today. Everyone can see it. Apart from the UN Security Council resolutions, there were no serious documents. There were also a resolution of the UN General Assembly, resolutions of the Non-Aligned Movement, Organization of Islamic Cooperation and the European Parliament. Even the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, which is always hostile to us, had to demonstrate support for our territorial integrity. All this created a political and legal basis. If it hadn’t been for all this, the anti-Azerbaijan initiative of the Minsk Group co-chair countries in the UN could have manifested itself during the war. Everyone should know this. Many are not aware. During the war, they wanted to introduce sanctions against us. We are fighting on our own land. We are restoring our territorial integrity. The introduction of sanctions against us would have been an injustice and dishonesty. Who organized it? Minsk Group co-chair countries. Who prevented this? Countries that are friendly to us, the member states of the Non-Aligned Movement, because we, as the country chairing the Non-Aligned Movement, acted with dignity, helped those countries, provided them with both financial and humanitarian support.

UN

1993 UN Security Council resolutions

List of United Nations Security Council resolutions on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

2008 UN General Assembly resolution

On March 14, 2008 the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution which "reaffirmed Azerbaijan's territorial integrity, expressing support for that country's internationally recognized borders and demanding the immediate withdrawal of all Armenian forces from all occupied territories there." It was adopted by a vote of 39 in favor to 7 against, while most countries either abstained or were absent. It was backed mostly by Muslim states (31 were members of the OIC). Non-Muslim states that supported the resolution included three non-Muslim post-Soviet states: Georgia, Moldova, Ukraine, and five other nations: Cambodia, Colombia, Myanmar, Serbia, Tuvalu. Thus, it was supported by seven OSCE members; one NATO member (Turkey) and no EU member state.

It was opposed by Angola, Armenia, France, India, Russia, United States, Vanuatu. The OSCE Minsk Group co-chair countries (France, US, Russia) voted against the resolution. They argued that it "selectively propagates only certain of [the basic principles] principles to the exclusion of others, without considering the Co-Chairs' proposal in its balanced entirety." The co-chair countries called it a unilateral resolution, which "threatens to undermine the peace process," but reaffirmed their "support for the territorial integrity of Azerbaijan, and thus do not recognize the independence of NK."

In 2008 XXXXX was one of the 39 UN member states to vote for a resolution which "reaffirmed Azerbaijan's territorial integrity, expressing support for that country's internationally recognized borders and demanding the immediate withdrawal of all Armenian forces from all occupied territories there."

Failed 2020 UN Security Council resolution

https://www.facebook.com/100005865248939/posts/1623891697816323/ Հոկտեմբերի 19-ին ՄԱԿ ԱԽ նսիտում հայտարարության ընդունումը խափանել են Ինդոնեզիան, Նիգերիան, Թունիսը, Վիետնամը, Հարավային Աֆրիկան, Սենթ Վինսենթը և Գրենադները, ու Դոմինիկյան Հանրապետությունը

https://twitter.com/HikmetHajiyev/status/1319641288657063937 President Ilham Aliyev @presidentaz expresses his gratitude to Indonesia, Niger, Tunis, Vietnam, South Africa, Saint-Vincent and the Grenadines and the Dominican Republic for the solidarity display and their just and principled stance at the UN Security Council.

https://azertag.az/en/xeber/Hikmat_Hajiyev_comments_on_UN_Security_Councils_discussions_on_Armenia_Azerbaijan_conflict-1622491 UN Security Council held discussions on the Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict on September 29 and October 19 On behalf of the president of the Security Council, a draft statement was prepared following the discussions on the Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict on October 19. The draft statement did not include references to the four resolutions of the UNSC. The project was developed mainly by the Russian Federation and France.

Non-permanent members of the UNSC and members of the Non-Aligned Movement Indonesia, Niger, Tunisia, Vietnam, South Africa, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and the Dominican Republic have twice broken the silence procedure and insisted on including references to the UNSC resolutions in the statement. Thus, these states once again demonstrated their commitment to the UN Charter, norms and principles of international law, UNSC resolutions, Bandung principles and NAM documents.

2022 incident

https://www.rferl.org/a/armenia-protest-un-karabakh/31761109.html Armenia has demanded that the United Nations take steps "to restore its neutral position in the context of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict" as it protested the participation of UN officials in an Azerbaijani event in a key Karabakh town this week.

https://www.mfa.am/en/interviews-articles-and-comments/2022/03/19/mfa_statement_un/11359 On March 19, Lila Pieters Yahia, the Acting UN Resident Coordinator in Armenia, was invited to the Foreign Ministry of Armenia.

During the meeting, the Acting UN Resident Coordinator was informed that the Foreign Ministry of Armenia strongly condemns the involvement of the UN Office in Azerbaijan in the event organised in Shushi on March 18 and, in this regard, the note of protest was submitted by the Foreign Ministry of Armenia.

The Foreign Ministry demanded that the United Nations take steps to restore the neutral position of the UN in the context of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

2022 UNSC meeting

https://press.un.org/en/2022/sc15031.doc.htm

References

Notes

Citations