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Visa requirements for Romanian citizens

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Romanian passport
A Romanian identity card is valid for travel to most European countries

Visa requirements for Romanian citizens are the administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other territories affecting citizens of Romania. As of July 2024, Romanian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 177 countries and territories, ranking the Romanian passport 14th in terms of travel freedom (tied with the passports of Bulgaria), according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]


Recent changes

[edit]

Recently visa requirements for Romanian citizens were lifted by China (November 2024),[2] Thailand (July 2024),[3] Tajikistan (April 2024),[4] Angola (September 2023),[5][6] Oman (9 December 2020) (Previously Visa on arrival),[7] Uzbekistan (15 January 2019),[8] Cape Verde (1 January 2019),[9] Belarus (February 2017),[10] Solomon Islands (October 2016),[11] Tuvalu (July 2016),[12] Marshall Islands (June 2016),[13] Palau (December 2015),[14] Tonga (November 2015),[15] Sao Tome and Principe (August 2015),[16] Indonesia (June 2015),[17][18] United Arab Emirates, Timor-Leste, Samoa (May 2015),[19][20][21][22]

Romanian citizens were made eligible for eVisas recently by Guinea and Malawi (October 2019), Saudi Arabia (September 2019), Russia (only Kaliningrad Oblast, Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast, free of charge),[23][24] Suriname and Pakistan (April 2019), Papua New Guinea (November 2018), Djibouti (February 2018),[25] Egypt (December 2017),[26] Azerbaijan (January 2017),[27] India (e-Tourist visa from November 2014)[28] and Myanmar (September 2014).[29]


Visa requirements map

[edit]
Visa requirements for Romanian citizens using normal passports
  Romania - Right of abode
  Visa not required / ETA[Note 1][Note 2]
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online[Note 4]
  Visa required prior to arrival

Visa requirements

[edit]

Dependent, disputed or unrecognized territories

[edit]

Unrecognized or partially recognized countries

[edit]

Non-ordinary passports

[edit]

Holders of various categories of official Romanian passports have additional visa-free access to the following countries:

  •  Algeria: diplomatic or service passports
  •  Azerbaijan: diplomatic or service passports
  •  Bolivia: diplomatic, official or service passports
  •  Cambodia: diplomatic or service passports[403]
  •  Egypt: diplomatic or service passports[404]
  •  Ghana: diplomatic, official or service passports
  •  India: diplomatic passports
  •  Indonesia: diplomatic, official or service passports[405]
  •  Iran: diplomatic passports
  •  Kuwait: diplomatic, official or service passports
  •  Pakistan: diplomatic or official passports
  •  Russia: diplomatic and service passports
  •  South Africa: diplomatic, official or service passports
  •  Sri Lanka: diplomatic passports
  •  Turkmenistan: diplomatic or service passports
  •  Vietnam: (diplomatic or service passports)

Holders of diplomatic or service passports of any country have visa-free access to Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Mali and Zimbabwe.

Non-visa restrictions

[edit]

A Romanian identity card is valid for travel to most of the European countries

Blank passport pages

[edit]

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[406] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

[edit]
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[407] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[408]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[409][410]

Passport validity length

[edit]

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[411][412] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[413]

Some countries, such as Japan,[414] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[415] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[416] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[417] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[418] Philippines,[419] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[420]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[421] and South Africa.

Criminal record

[edit]

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[422] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

[edit]

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[423]

Israeli stamps

[edit]
Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[424] Lebanon,[425] Libya,[426] and Yemen[427] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

[edit]

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[428]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[429][430] Argentina,[431] Brunei, Cambodia,[432] China,[433] Ethiopia,[434] Ghana, Guinea,[435] India, Japan,[436][437] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[438] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[439] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[440] Singapore, South Korea,[441] Taiwan, Thailand,[442] Uganda,[443] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[444][445][446] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[447]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[448] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[449][450] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[451] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[452][453]

Statistics

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Foreign travel by Romanians

[edit]

These were the numbers of Romanian visitors to various countries in 2014:

Foreign travel statistics
Destination Number of visitors
 Austria[454] 264,704
 Belgium[455] 41,630
 Bulgaria[456] 1,439,853
 Croatia[457] 63,000
 Cyprus[458] 18,161
 Greece[459] 543,360
 Hungary[note 1][460] 230,436
 Macedonia[461] 7,142
 Moldova[citation needed] 22,624
 Montenegro[462] 16,112
 New Zealand[463] 1,188
 Poland[464] 38,112
 Russia[465] 30,886
 Serbia[466] 36,959
 Seychelles[note 2][467] 942
 Slovakia[468] 22,756
 Slovenia[469] 25,730
 Turkey[470] 426,585
 Ukraine[471] 584,774
 United Kingdom[472] 471,411
 United States[473] 71,923
  1. ^ Counting only visitors staying overnight in official accommodation.
  2. ^ Data for 2015

Right to consular protection in non-EU countries

[edit]
Diplomatic missions of Romania

When in a non-EU country where there is no Romanian embassy, Romanian citizens as EU citizens have the right to get consular protection from the embassy of any other EU country present in that country.

See also List of diplomatic missions of Romania.

See also

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References

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Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ ETA required for Canada if arriving by air, Cape Verde,[30] Kenya, New Zealand, and Israel[31]
  2. ^ Including Australian eVisitor
  3. ^ Including tourist card required in advance for Cuba
  4. ^ Including Indonesian e-VOA
  5. ^ Custom procedure for 24-hour visa-free transit is required in principle, except in Beijing (both Capital and Daxing), Shanghai Pudong, Hangzhou, Xiamen, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Chengdu Tianfu and Xi'an if no leaving of international transit areas.[85]
  6. ^
  7. ^
  8. ^
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Lantui - Baka (China)
    • Meuang mom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng Dry Port - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Pakxan - Bungkan (Thailand)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
    • Lalai (Vietnam)
    • Pangmone - Phayao (Thailand)
    • Daktaock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • Savannakhet Airport
  9. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Bokeo
  10. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  11. ^
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Khamsavath - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)