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White Christmas (song)

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"White Christmas"
1942 78 single release of "White Christmas" by Bing Crosby on Decca Records, 18429 A, with Ken Darby Singers and John Scott Trotter and His Orchestra, Matrix # DLA 3009
Single by Bing Crosby with Ken Darby Singers and John Scott Trotter and His Orchestra
from the album Song Hits from Holiday Inn
B-side
ReleasedJuly 30, 1942 (original)[1]
RecordedMay 29, 1942
March 19, 1947
StudioRadio Recorders (Los Angeles) (1942 recording)[2]
GenreTraditional pop
Length
  • 3:02 (1942 recording)
  • 3:04 (1947 recording)
Label
  • Decca (1942–1973 issues)
  • MCA (1983–1985 issues)
Songwriter(s)Irving Berlin
Bing Crosby singles chronology
"Be Careful, It's My Heart"
(1942) 		"White Christmas"
(1942) 		"Moonlight Becomes You"
(1942)

"White Christmas" is a song reminiscing about an old-fashioned Christmas setting. Written by Irving Berlin for the 1942 musical film Holiday Inn, the song won the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 15th Academy Awards. Originally sung by Bing Crosby, it topped the Billboard chart for 11 weeks and returned to the number one position again in December 1943 and 1944. His version would return to the top 40 a dozen times in subsequent years.

Since its release, "White Christmas" has been covered by many artists. Crosby's version is the world's best-selling single (in terms of sales of physical media), with estimated sales in excess of 50 million physical copies worldwide.[3] When the figures for other versions of the song are added to Crosby's, sales of the song exceed 100 million.[4][5][6]

History

[edit]

Origin

[edit]

Accounts vary as to when and where Berlin wrote the song.[7] One story is that he wrote it in 1940, in warm La Quinta, California, while staying at the La Quinta Hotel, a frequent Hollywood retreat also favored by writer-director-producer Frank Capra, although the Arizona Biltmore also claims the song was written there.[8] He often stayed up all night writing. One day he told his secretary, "I want you to take down a song I wrote over the weekend. Not only is it the best song I ever wrote, it's the best song anybody ever wrote."[9]

Bing Crosby versions

[edit]
Bing Crosby (1943)

The first public performance of the song was by Bing Crosby, on his NBC radio show The Kraft Music Hall on Christmas Day, 1941, a few weeks after the attack on Pearl Harbor.[10] Crosby subsequently recorded the song with the John Scott Trotter Orchestra and the Ken Darby Singers at Radio Recorders for Decca Records in 18 minutes on May 29, 1942,[2] and it was released on July 30 as part of an album of six 78-rpm discs from the musical film Holiday Inn.[7][11] At first, Crosby did not see anything special about the song. He just said "I don't think we have any problems with that one, Irving."[12]

The song established that there could be commercially successful secular Christmas songs[13]—in this case, written by a Jewish immigrant to the United States.[14] Ronald D. Lankford Jr., wrote, "During the 1940s, 'White Christmas' would set the stage for a number of classic American holiday songs steeped in a misty longing for yesteryear." Before 1942, Christmas songs and films had come out sporadically, and many were popular. However, "the popular culture industry had not viewed the themes of home and hearth, centered on the Christmas holiday, as a unique market" until after the success of "White Christmas" and the film where it appeared, Holiday Inn.[15] Dave Marsh and Steve Propes wrote, "'White Christmas' changed Christmas music forever, both by revealing the huge potential market for Christmas songs and by establishing the themes of home and nostalgia that would run through Christmas music evermore."[16]

The song initially performed poorly and was overshadowed by Holiday Inn's first hit song: "Be Careful, It's My Heart".[11] By the end of October 1942, "White Christmas" topped the Your Hit Parade chart. It remained in that position until well into the new year.[11] It has often been noted that the mix of melancholy—"just like the ones I used to know"—with comforting images of home—"where the treetops glisten"—resonated especially strongly with listeners during World War II. The Armed Forces Network was flooded with requests for the song. The recording is noted for Crosby's whistling during the second chorus.[11]

In 1942 alone, Crosby's recording spent eleven weeks on top of the Billboard charts. The original version also hit number one on the Harlem Hit Parade for three weeks, Crosby's first-ever appearance on the black-oriented chart.[17] The song also topped the following weekly charts in the same year: Songs with Most Radio Plugs, National record sales, and National sheet music sales.[18] Re-released by Decca, the single returned to the No. 1 spot during the holiday seasons of 1945 and 1946 (on the chart dated January 4, 1947). The recording became a chart perennial, reappearing annually on the pop chart twenty times before Billboard magazine created a distinct Christmas chart for seasonal releases.

In Holiday Inn, the composition won the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1942.[19] In the film, Crosby sings "White Christmas" as a duet with actress Marjorie Reynolds, though her voice was dubbed by Martha Mears. This now-familiar scene was not the moviemakers' initial plan. In the script as originally conceived, Reynolds, not Crosby, would sing the song.[11] The song would feature in another Crosby film, the 1954 musical White Christmas, which became the highest-grossing film of 1954. (Crosby made yet another studio recording of the song, accompanied by Joseph J. Lilley's orchestra and chorus, for the film's soundtrack album.)

According to Crosby's nephew, Howard Crosby, "I once asked Uncle Bing about the most difficult thing he ever had to do during his entertainment career… He said in December, 1944, he was in a USO show with Bob Hope and the Andrews Sisters. They did an outdoor show in northern France… he had to stand there and sing 'White Christmas' with 100,000 G.I.s in tears without breaking down himself. Of course, a lot of those boys were killed in the Battle of the Bulge a few days later."[20]

The version most often heard today on the radio during the Christmas season is the 1947 re-recording. The 1942 master was damaged due to frequent use. Crosby re-recorded the track on March 19, 1947, accompanied again by the Trotter Orchestra and the Darby Singers, with every effort made to reproduce the original recording session.[9] The re-recording is recognizable by the addition of flutes and celesta in the beginning.

Although Crosby dismissed his role in the song's success, saying later that "a jackdaw with a cleft palate could have sung it successfully",[21] he was associated with it for the rest of his career.

Sales figures

[edit]

Crosby's "White Christmas" single has been credited with selling 50 million copies, the most by any release and therefore it is the biggest-selling single worldwide of all time. By 1968, it had already sold thirty million.[22] The Guinness Book of World Records 2009 Edition lists the song as a 100-million seller, encompassing all versions of the song, including albums.[6][7] According to analysis of PRS for Music figures, it was estimated that the song generates £328,000 of royalties per year.[23]

Crosby's holiday collection Merry Christmas was first released as an LP in 1949, and has never been out of print since.

There has been confusion and debate on whether Crosby's record is the best-selling single, due to a lack of information on sales of "White Christmas," because Crosby's recording was released before the advent of the modern-day US and UK singles charts.[24] However, after careful research, Guinness World Records in 2007 concluded that, worldwide, Crosby's recording of "White Christmas" has sold at least 50 million copies, and that Elton John's recording of "Candle in the Wind 1997" has sold 33 million.[4] However, an update in the 2009 edition of the book decided to further help settle the controversy amicably by naming both John's and Crosby's songs to be "winners" by stating that John's recording is the "best-selling single since UK and US singles charts began in the 1950s," while maintaining that "the best-selling single of all time was released before the first pop charts," and that this distinction belongs to "White Christmas," which it says "was listed as the world's best-selling single in the first-ever Guinness Book of Records (published in 1955) and—remarkably—still retains the title more than 50 years later."[25][6]

Legacy

[edit]

In 1974, the 1942 recording of the song by Bing Crosby and The Ken Darby Singers on Decca Records was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.[26]

The recording was broadcast on Armed Forces Radio on April 30, 1975, as a secret, pre-arranged signal precipitating the U.S. evacuation from Saigon.[27][28][29]

In 1999, National Public Radio included it in the "NPR 100", which sought to compile the one hundred most important American musical works of the 20th century. Crosby's version of the song also holds the distinction of being ranked No. 2 on the "Songs of the Century" list, behind only Judy Garland's "Over the Rainbow," as voted by members of the RIAA.[30] In 2002, the original 1942 version was one of 50 historically significant recordings chosen that year by the Library of Congress to be added to the National Recording Registry. In 2004, it ranked No. 5 on AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs survey of top tunes in American cinema.

In a UK poll in December 2012, "White Christmas" was voted fourth (behind "Fairytale of New York", "I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday" and "Merry Xmas Everybody") on the ITV television special The Nation's Favourite Christmas Song.[31]

Formats and track listing

[edit]

These are the formats and track listings of single releases of "White Christmas".

10-inch shellac single – U.S. (Decca – 18429) 1942[32][33]
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."White Christmas"Irving Berlin3:02
2."Let's Start The New Year Right"Irving Berlin 
10-inch shellac single – U.S. (Decca – 23778) 1947
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."White Christmas"Irving Berlin3:04
2."God Bless Ye Merry Gentlemen"traditional 
7-inch vinyl single – U.S. (Decca – 23778) 1950[34]
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."White Christmas"Irving Berlin3:04
2."God Bless Ye Merry Gentlemen"traditional 
7-inch vinyl single – U.S. (MCA – 65022)[35]
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."White Christmas"Irving Berlin3:04
2."God Bless Ye Merry Gentlemen"traditional 
CD single – UK (MCA Records – MCSTD48105)[36]
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."White Christmas"Irving Berlin3:06
2."Auld Lang Syne"Robert Burns (lyrics), Scots folk melody1:38
3."Peace on Earth/Little Drummer Boy"Larry Grossman, Ian Fraser, Buz Kohan / Katherine K. Davis, Henry Onorati, Harry Simeone2:37

Original verse

[edit]

Irving Berlin's opening verse, contrasting the sunshine and warmth of Christmas in California with the narrator's desire for a traditional holiday setting of winter snow, is often dropped in recordings. It is included on A Christmas Gift for You from Phil Spector, sung by Darlene Love; on Barbra Streisand's A Christmas Album; on the Carpenters' Christmas Portrait, sung by Karen Carpenter; on Neil Diamond's The Christmas Album; on Bette Midler's Cool Yule; on Libera's Christmas Album; and on Crash Test Dummies' Jingle All the Way.[9]

The sun is shining, the grass is green,
The orange and palm trees sway.
There's never been such a day
in Beverly Hills, L.A.
But it's December the twenty-fourth,—
And I am longing to be up North—[37]

Charts

[edit]

Bing Crosby version

[edit]
Chart (1958–2024) Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[38] 29
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[39] 38
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[40] 19
Czech Republic (Singles Digitál Top 100)[41] 41
Denmark (Tracklisten)[42] 27
Germany (GfK)[43] 39
Global 200 (Billboard)[44] 22
Greece International Digital Singles (IFPI)[45] 36
Hungary (Stream Top 40)[46] 20
Ireland (IRMA)[47] 24
Italy (FIMI)[48] 27
Japan (Japan Hot 100)[49] 52
Latvia (LAIPA)[50] 14
Lithuania (AGATA)[51] 44
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[52] 4
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[53] 24
Portugal (AFP)[54] 64
Slovakia (Singles Digitál Top 100)[55] 28
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[56] 8
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[57] 40
UK Singles (OCC)[58] 5
US Billboard Hot 100[59] 12
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[60] 3
US Holiday 100 (Billboard)[61] 5
US Rolling Stone Top 100[62] 16

Michael Bublé version

[edit]
Chart (2011–2024) Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[63]
with Shania Twain 		50
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[64]
Solo version 		35
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[65]
with Bing Crosby 		72
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[65]
with Shania Twain 		86
Canada AC (Billboard)[66]
with Bing Crosby 		45
Canada AC (Billboard)[66]
with Shania Twain 		12
Canada AC (Billboard)[66]
2019 version 		12
Croatia (HRT)[67]
with Shania Twain 		23
France (SNEP)[68] 179
Germany (GfK)[69]
with Shania Twain 		35
Global 200 (Billboard)[70]
with Shania Twain 		179
Hungary (Stream Top 40)[71]
with Shania Twain 		13
Italy (FIMI)[72]
Solo version 		16
Italy (FIMI)[73]
with Shania Twain 		53
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[74]
with Shania Twain 		36
Portugal (AFP)[75] 166
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[76]
with Shania Twain 		35
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[77]
with Shania Twain 		52
US Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles (Billboard)[78]
with Bing Crosby 		24
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[79]
with Bing Crosby 		2
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[79]
with Shania Twain 		10
US Holiday 100 (Billboard)[80]
with Shania Twain 		22
US Holiday Digital Song Sales (Billboard)[81]
with Bing Crosby 		5
US Holiday Digital Song Sales (Billboard)[81]
Solo version 		49
US Holiday Digital Song Sales (Billboard)[81]
2019 version 		7

Glee Cast version

[edit]
Chart (2012–19) Peak
position
UK Singles (OCC)[82] 98
US Holiday Digital Song Sales (Billboard)[83] 29

Gwen Stefani version

[edit]
Chart performance for "White Christmas"
Chart (2017–2019) Peak
position
Canada AC (Billboard)[84] 39
Slovakia (Rádio Top 100)[85] 86
UK Singles (OCC)[86] 62
US Holiday Digital Song Sales (Billboard)[87] 27

Meghan Trainor version

[edit]

Weekly charts

[edit]
Chart (2020–2023) Peak
position
Poland (Polish Airplay Top 100)[88] 81
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[89] 1
US Adult Pop Airplay (Billboard)[90] 39

Year-end charts

[edit]
Chart (2021) Position
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[91] 29

Certifications and sales

[edit]

Bing Crosby version

[edit]
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[92] Platinum 70,000‡
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[93] Platinum 90,000‡
Germany (BVMI)[94] Gold 300,000‡
Italy (FIMI)[95] Gold 50,000‡
Sweden (GLF)[96] Gold 25,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[98] Silver 1,047,349[97]
United Kingdom (BPI)[99]
Digital sales since 2019 		Platinum 600,000‡
Streaming
Greece (IFPI Greece)[100] Gold 1,000,000†
Summaries
North America — 25,000,000[101]

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
† Streaming-only figures based on certification alone.

Michael Bublé version

[edit]
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Italy (FIMI)[102] Platinum 70,000‡
United Kingdom (BPI)[103]
with Shania Twain 		Gold 400,000‡

‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Other versions

[edit]

"White Christmas" is the most-recorded Christmas song; there have been more than 500 recorded versions of the song, in several different languages.[104] The following have received some charting success.

Gordon Jenkins and his Orchestra (with Bob Carroll on lead vocal) released a version on Capitol Records that reached No. 16 on Billboard magazine's pop singles chart in 1942[105] and Charlie Spivak and his Orchestra (with Garry Stevens on lead vocal) released a version for Columbia Records that reached No. 18 on Billboard's pop singles chart[106] as did Freddy Martin and his Orchestra (with Clyde Rogers on lead vocal) for RCA Victor, reaching No. 20 on Billboard's pop singles chart (and again in December 1945, reaching No. 16).[107]

In 1944, Frank Sinatra with a backing orchestration under the direction of Axel Stordahl for Columbia, reached No. 7 on Billboard's pop singles chart (two more times: December 1945, No. 5; December 1946, No. 6)[108] Jo Stafford reaching No. 9 on Billboard's pop singles chart in 1946, with backing vocals by the Lyn Murray Singers and backing orchestration by Paul Weston for Capitol.[106] Eddy Howard and his Orchestra released a version on the Majestic label that reached No. 21 on Billboard's pop singles chart the same year[109] while Perry Como, with backing orchestration by Lloyd Shaffer, recorded the song for RCA Victor in 1947 and reached No. 23 on Billboard's pop singles chart; Como recorded a stereo version of the song in 1959.[110]

In 1949, The Ravens peaked at No. 9 on Billboard's Rhythm & Blues Records chart in January 1949 on National Records.[111] while Ernest Tubb, with female backing vocals by The Troubadettes on Decca, peaked at No. 7 on Billboard's Country & Western Records chart.[112]

US 7-inch vinyl release (red variant) of The Drifters recording

In 1952, Mantovani and his orchestra reached No. 23 on Billboard's pop singles chart[107] while The Drifters showcased the talents of lead singer Clyde McPhatter and the bass vocals of Bill Pinkney in 1954, peaking at No. 2 on Billboard's Rhythm & Blues Records chart. It returned to the same chart in the next two years.[113] In February 1954, the Drifters recorded "White Christmas", which was released that November.[114] While the song became a No. 5 R&B hit in 1954, its popularity remained in the black community. The Drifters' rendition of this song can be heard in the films Home Alone and The Santa Clause.[115][116]

In 1953, Bing Crosby sang "White Christmas" in a film made in Paris as part of The Ford 50th Anniversary Show, a two-hour television special broadcast on NBC and CBS.[117]

Andy Williams recorded the song for Columbia in 1963 on The Andy Williams Christmas Album, where it reached No. 1 on Billboard's weekly Christmas Singles chart.[118] It was released in 1968 on Atco Records as a posthumous single from Otis Redding, and reached No. 12 on the Christmas Singles chart.[111] In 1980, Darts's version peaked at No. 48 on the UK singles chart.[citation needed]

Michael Bolton performed it on his 1992 non-holiday album, Timeless: The Classics, where it peaked at No. 73 on Billboard's Hot 100 Airplay chart in January 1993.[119] Garth Brooks version included on his first holiday album, Beyond the Season, peaked at No. 70 on Billboard's Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in January 1995.[120] In 1998 Martina McBride recorded it for her album White Christmas, charting twice, reaching No. 75 on Billboard's Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in 1999, and No. 62 on the same chart in 2000[121]

Bette Midler's version, released on her non-holiday album, Bette Midler Sings the Rosemary Clooney Songbook, reached No. 15 on Billboard's Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart in 2003.[122] The version released on Andrea Bocelli 2009 album, My Christmas, reached No. 16 on the Portuguese Singles Chart.[123] Despite not being released as a single, Marco Mengoni's version, released on the compilation album X Factor – The Christmas Album, charted at No. 13 on the Italian Singles Chart based on digital downloads of the track.[124]

Lady Gaga's version was released on her live EP A Very Gaga Holiday in 2011. It entered the UK Singles Chart at number 87, for the week ending December 3, 2011.[125] The same version also entered the Belgium (Flanders) Singles Chart at number 86,[126] for the week ending dated December 24, 2011, and the Japan Hot 100 singles at number 93.[127] Gaga's cover features an extra verse about a snowman.

The Glee cast's version of the song, sung by Darren Criss and Chris Colfer, entered the UK charts for the first time in 2018, four years after its release, at No. 98.[128]

In 2020, a version by Meghan Trainor, featuring Seth MacFarlane, went to No. 1 on Billboard's Adult Contemporary chart.[129]

See also

[edit]

Notes and references

[edit]
  1. ^ "'White Christmas' is still the gold standard for holiday singles". Belleville News. Retrieved November 5, 2023.
  2. ^ a b Cogan, Jim; Clark, William (2003). Temples of Sound: Inside the Great Recording Studios. San Francisco: Chronicle Books. p. 16. ISBN 0-8118-3394-1.
  3. ^ "Best-selling single". Guinness World Records. Retrieved November 29, 2018.
  4. ^ a b "Guinness Book of Records, 2007 Edition, page 187" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 15, 2010. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  5. ^ "Guinness Book of Records, 2008 Edition, page 181" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 23, 2011. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  6. ^ a b c "Guinness Book of Records, 2009 Edition, pages 14, 15 & 169" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 25, 2011. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  7. ^ a b c Harris, Roy J. Jr. (December 5, 2009). "The Best-Selling Record of All. 'White Christmas' and the reasons it endures". The Wall Street Journal. New York. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
  8. ^ "History of ""The Jewel of the Desert"" | Arizona Biltmore, a Waldorf Astoria Hotel". Arizona Biltmore Hotel. Archived from the original on August 13, 2014. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
  9. ^ a b c "White Christmas". hymnsandcarolsofchristmas.com. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  10. ^ Todd Decker. "Crosby, Bing." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Web. September 26, 2016.
  11. ^ a b c d e John Mueller (1986). Astaire Dancing – The Musical Films. London: Hamish Hamilton. pp. 204, 425. ISBN 0-241-11749-6.
  12. ^ Wook Kim (December 17, 2012). "Yule Laugh, Yule Cry: 10 Things You Didn't Know About Beloved Holiday Songs (With holiday cheer in the air, TIME takes a closer look at some of the weird stories behind our favorite seasonal tunes)". Time. "White Christmas" (p. 6)
  13. ^ "No one dreamed of a 'White Christmas' before this song". PBS NewsHour. December 24, 2015. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  14. ^ Koskoff, Ellen (2016). "Is "White Christmas" a Piece of Jewish Music?". In Ran, Amalia; Morad, Moshe (eds.). Mazal Tov, Amigos! Jews and Popular Music in the Americas. Boston, Massachusetts: Brill. p. 11. ISBN 9789004184473.
  15. ^ Lankford, Ronald D. (2013). Sleigh Rides Jingle Bells & Silent Nights: A Cultural History of American Christmas Songs. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida. p. 24. ISBN 978-0813044927.
  16. ^ Marsh, Dave; Propes, Steve (1993). Merry Christmas, Baby: Holiday Music From Bing To Sting. Little, Brown & Co. p. 7. ISBN 978-0756775285.
  17. ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942–2004. Record Research. p. 139.
  18. ^ "The Billboard Music Popularity Chart (week ending December 10, 1942)". The Billboard. December 19, 1942. p. 25.
  19. ^ Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 134. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
  20. ^ Weinbender, Nathan (December 22, 2016). "75 years after its premiere, Bing Crosby's 'White Christmas' still enthralls listeners". The Spokesman-Review. Spokane. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  21. ^ "Why Bing Crosby's 'White Christmas' Is the Best Holiday Song Ever". People. Retrieved December 10, 2018.
  22. ^ Murrells, Joseph (1978). The book of golden discs. Internet Archive. London : Barrie & Jenkins. ISBN 978-0-214-20512-5.
  23. ^ "From Wham to Slade... just how much do these classic Christmas songs earn each festive season?". Radio X. December 21, 2024. Retrieved December 24, 2024.
  24. ^ "The American Recording Industry Announces its Artists of the Century". Recording Industry Association of America website (Press release). RIAA. November 10, 1999. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved February 8, 2010.
  25. ^ Guinness Book of Records. Guinness World Records. 2009. ISBN 978-1-904994-37-4. Candle in the Wind 1997 is the best-selling single since charts began; however, not of all time. Bing Crosby's "White Christmas" is still recognized as the best-selling single of all time, but since it was released before the start of many charts, its pre-1950s sales are estimated. John's 1997 song has sold the most copies when looking at copies sold since charts began, as verified in Guinness World Records.
  26. ^ "GRAMMY Hall Of Fame | Hall of Fame Artists | GRAMMY.com". grammy.com.
  27. ^ Todd, Olivier (1990), Cruel April: The Fall of Saigon, W.W. Norton & Company, p. 353. For more information, see Fall of Saigon, the end of the Vietnam War.
  28. ^ Kelly, Kate (June 25, 2021). "Evacuation of Vietnam Signaled by Playing of White Christmas".
  29. ^ "The Fall of Saigon (1975): The Bravery of American Diplomats and Refugees". The National Museum of American Diplomacy. April 29, 2021.
  30. ^ "New song list puts 'Rainbow' way up high". CNN. March 7, 2001. Archived from the original on December 28, 2007. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  31. ^ "The Nation's Favourite Christmas Song". ITV. December 22, 2012.
  32. ^ Bing Crosby: Crooner of the Century – By Richard Grudens
  33. ^ Billboard 15 Dec 1945 – "Bing Crosby – White Christmas / Let's Start The New Year Right" 10" single, (Decca – 18429)
  34. ^ "Bing Crosby – White Christmas". Retrieved December 10, 2018 – via 45cat.com.
  35. ^ "Bing Crosby – White Christmas". Retrieved December 10, 2018 – via 45cat.com.
  36. ^ Complete UK Hit Singles – 1952–2006, Graham Betts, Collins, 2006 – Music – 1088 pages – ("White Christmas" 1998 UK CD single)
  37. ^ White Christmas piano solo, Hal Leonard
  38. ^ "Bing Crosby – White Christmas". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved December 25, 2024.
  39. ^ "Bing Crosby – White Christmas" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved January 3, 2024.
  40. ^ "Bing Crosby Chart History (Canadian Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  41. ^ "ČNS IFPI" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Digital Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: Select 5152. týden 2018 in the date selector. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  42. ^ "Track Top-40 Uge 52, 2018". Hitlisten. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  43. ^ "Bing Crosby – White Christmas" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
  44. ^ "Bing Crosby Chart History (Global 200)". Billboard. Retrieved January 3, 2024.
  45. ^ "Official IFPI Charts – Digital Singles Chart (International) – Week: 52/2018". IFPI Greece. Archived from the original on January 14, 2019. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  46. ^ "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Stream Top 40 slágerlista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  47. ^ "Official Irish Singles Chart Top 50". Official Charts Company. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  48. ^ "Top Singoli – Classifica settimanale WK 52" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
  49. ^ "Bing Crosby Chart History (Japan Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved November 6, 2023.
  50. ^ "Mūzikas patēriņa tops gadu mijā" (in Latvian). LAIPA. Archived from the original on October 10, 2019. Retrieved November 28, 2019.
  51. ^ "2023 52-os savaitės klausomiausi (Top 100)" (in Lithuanian). AGATA. December 29, 2023. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
  52. ^ "Bing Crosby – White Christmas" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  53. ^ "NZ Top 40 Singles Chart". Recorded Music NZ. December 31, 2018. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  54. ^ "Bing Crosby / John Scott Trotter Orchestra / The Ken Darby Singers – White Christmas". AFP Top 100 Singles. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  55. ^ "ČNS IFPI" (in Slovak). Hitparáda – Singles Digital Top 100 Oficiálna. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: Select 5152. týden 2017 in the date selector. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  56. ^ "Bing Crosby – White Christmas". Singles Top 100. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  57. ^ "Bing Crosby – White Christmas". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved December 30, 2019.
  58. ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  59. ^ "Bing Crosby Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  60. ^ "Bing Crosby Chart History (Adult Contemporary)". Billboard. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  61. ^ "Bing Crosby Chart History (Holiday 100)". Billboard. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  62. ^ "Top 100 Songs". Rolling Stone. December 24, 2019. Retrieved December 31, 2019.
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