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Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/TAAR1-Dopamine neuron 2

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Original – In this diagram, amphetamine enters the presynaptic neuron across the neuronal membrane or through the dopamine transporter (DAT).[1] Once inside, it binds to trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) or enters the synaptic vesicles through vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2).[1][2] When amphetamine or a trace amine (e.g., phenethylamine) binds to TAAR1, it reduces postsynaptic dopamine receptor firing rate and triggers protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling, resulting in DAT phosphorylation.[1] Phosphorylated DAT then either operates in reverse or withdraws into the presynaptic neuron and ceases transport.[1] When amphetamine or a trace amine enters the synaptic vesicles through VMAT2, dopamine is released into the cytosol (yellow-orange area).[2][3]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Miller GM (January 2011). "The emerging role of trace amine-associated receptor 1 in the functional regulation of monoamine transporters and dopaminergic activity". J. Neurochem. 116 (2): 164–176. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07109.x. PMC 3005101. PMID 21073468.
  2. ^ a b Eiden LE, Weihe E (January 2011). "VMAT2: a dynamic regulator of brain monoaminergic neuronal function interacting with drugs of abuse". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1216: 86–98. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05906.x. PMID 21272013. VMAT2 is the CNS vesicular transporter for not only the biogenic amines DA, NE, EPI, 5-HT, and HIS, but likely also for the trace amines TYR, PEA, and thyronamine (THYR) ... [Trace aminergic] neurons in mammalian CNS would be identifiable as neurons expressing VMAT2 for storage, and the biosynthetic enzyme aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC).
  3. ^ Offermanns S, Rosenthal W (2008). Encyclopedia of Molecular Pharmacology (2nd ed.). Berlin: Springer. pp. 1219–1222. ISBN 3540389164.
Reason
It's a helpful visual aid for explaining a technical concept – the pharmacodynamics of amphetamine and trace amines in dopamine neurons that contain trace amine-associated receptor 1.
Articles in which this image appears
Amphetamine, Adderall, Dextroamphetamine, Phenethylamine, TAAR1, Dopamine, Lisdexamfetamine, and Autoreceptor (+3 more on the German wiki )
FP category for this image
Wikipedia:Featured pictures/Diagrams, drawings, and maps/Diagrams
Creator
Seppi333

Not Promoted --Armbrust The Homunculus 20:45, 31 August 2014 (UTC)[reply]