Woody breast
Woody breast is an abnormal muscle condition that impacts the texture and usability of chicken breast meat. The affected meat is described as tough, chewy, and gummy due to stiff or hardened muscle fibers that spread through the filet. The specific cause is not known but may be related to factors associated with rapid growth rates.[1][2] Companies often use a three-point scale to grade the woodiness of a particular breast.[3] Although distasteful to many, meat that exhibits woody breast is not known to be harmful to humans who consume it. When detected by suppliers, product shown to have the condition present may be discounted or processed as ground chicken. Woody breast has become so prevalent in the broiler industry that the U.S. Poultry & Egg Association has helped fund four research projects with over $250,000 in an effort to understand and address the condition.[4] Estimates placed the total cost to the global industry as high as US$1 billion in 2020 for losses associated with managing the woody breast condition in broiler chickens.[5]
There are urgent needs in the global poultry industry for rapid detection and sorting of product with woody breast using nondestructive methods.[6] Current detection technologies include hyperspectral imaging, accelerometers, and bio-electrical impedance. [7]
References[edit]
- ^ Chatterjee, D.; Zhuang, Hong; Bowker, Brian C.; Rincon, A. M.; Sanchez-Brambila, G.; U.S. National Poultry Research Center; University of Georgia Department of Poultry Science (1 October 2016). "Instrumental texture characteristics of broiler pectoralis major with the wooden breast condition". Poultry Science. 95 (10): 2449–2454. doi:10.3382/ps/pew204. PMID 27418659.
- "The woody breast condition affects texture characteristics of both raw and cooked chicken breast meat". Atlas Of Science. 2017-04-11.
- ^ Austin, Alonzo (Jan 2022), "The best uses for woody breast meat", WATT PoultryUSA, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 36–41
- ^ Barbara de Almeida Mallmann; Guillermo Tellez-Isaias; Andy Mauromoustakos; Craig N. Coon; Casey M. Owens (2020). "Fillet Dimensions and Meat Quality Attributes Associated With Woody Breast in Broilers". Meat and Muscle Biology. 34: 1–9. doi:10.22175/mmb.11224.
- ^ Picchi, Aimee (30 March 2016). ""Woody breast" could bite the chicken business". MoneyWatch. CBS News. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- ^ Barbut, S (2020), Understanding the woody breast syndrome and other myopathies in modern broiler chickens, Australian Poultry Science Symposium. Sydney, Australia, pp. 99–102
- ^ Caldas-Cueva, Juan P; Casey M Owens (Aug 1, 2020). "A review on the woody breast condition, detection methods, and product utilization in the contemporary poultry industry". J Anim Sci. 98. doi:10.1093/jas/skaa207. PMC 7419734. PMID 32783056.
- ^ Schaer, Lilian (February 9, 2022). "Simplifying woody breast detection". Canadian Poultry Magazine. Annex Business Media. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
General references[edit]
- "What is "woody breast"? Is woody breast caused by bigger, faster-growing chickens?". 13 April 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- Greene, Elizabeth; Cauble, Reagan; Dhamad, Ahmed E.; Kidd, Michael T.; Kong, Byungwhi; Howard, Sara M.; Castro, Hector F.; Campagna, Shawn R.; Bedford, Mike; Dridi, Sami (4 August 2020). Tufarelli, Vincenzo (ed.). "Muscle Metabolome Profiles in Woody Breast-(un)Affected Broilers: Effects of Quantum Blue Phytase-Enriched Diet". Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 7: 458. doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00458. PMC 7417653. PMID 32851035.
- Johnson, Ryan (15 June 2018). "Why does woody breast still have the industry stumped?". Poultry Digital (January 2018 ed.). Global Ag Media.
- Gee, Kelsey (29 March 2016). "Bigger Chickens Bring a Tough New Problem: 'Woody Breast'". Wall Street Journal.
- Wold, Jens Petter; Måge, Ingrid; Løvland, Atle; Wahlstrøm, Karen; RagniOfstad, Sanden (2019). "Near-infrared spectroscopy detects woody breast syndrome in chicken fillets by the markers protein content and degree of water binding". Poultry Science. 98 (1): 480–490. doi:10.3382/ps/pey351. PMID 30165657.
- "Poultry Science Association 107th Annual Meeting Abstracts" (PDF). Poultry Science Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 September 2020.
- Caldas-Cueva, Juan P.; Owens, Casey M. (1 Aug 2020). "A review on the woody breast condition, detection methods, and product utilization in the contemporary poultry industry". Journal of Animal Science. 98 (8). doi:10.1093/jas/skaa207. PMC 7419734. PMID 32783056.
- Sims, Bob (12 May 2022). "Predictability of woody breast in live birds proves challenging". Sosland Publishing.
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