Jump to content

2016 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2016 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina

← 2014 November 8, 2016 (2016-11-08) 2018 →

All 13 North Carolina seats to the United States House of Representatives
  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Republican Democratic
Last election 10 3
Seats won 10 3
Seat change Steady Steady
Popular vote 2,447,326 2,142,661
Percentage 53.22% 46.60%
Swing Decrease 2.17% Increase 2.65%

The 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina were held on November 8, 2016, to elect the 13 U.S. representatives from the state of North Carolina, one from each of the state's 13 congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections.

Primary elections were originally scheduled for March 15, but were moved to June 7, due to successful challenges to the 1st and 12th congressional districts in federal court and the drawing of new maps affecting almost all of the state's districts.[1]

Long before the court had ruled, candidates had filed for the March 15 party primaries for each district under the old maps in December 2015, per the North Carolina State Board of Elections.[2] After the court ruled and the North Carolina General Assembly passed new district maps, the State Board established a filing period for the new primary date for candidates of major parties, March 16–25. Candidates had to refile for the June 7 primary, if they still chose to run, in any district they chose. The results of the March 15 primary, which went ahead because ballots had already been printed and mailed to absentee voters by the time of the ruling, were not counted.[1]

2016 North Carolina redistricting

[edit]
This image shows the 2016–2020 court-ordered NC Congressional districts.[3]

The North Carolina Legislature's 2012 redistricting was found unconstitutional by the United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina and replaced on February 19, 2016.[4]

District Old PVI New PVI Incumbent
1st D+19 D+15 G. K. Butterfield
2nd R+10 R+8 Renee Ellmers
3rd R+11 R+11 Walter B. Jones Jr.
4th D+20 D+13 David Price
5th R+11 R+9 Virginia Foxx
6th R+11 R+10 Mark Walker
7th R+12 R+9 David Rouzer
8th R+12 R+8 Richard Hudson
9th R+8 R+8 Robert Pittenger
10th R+11 R+11 Patrick McHenry
11th R+12 R+12 Mark Meadows
12th D+26 D+16 Alma Adams
13th R+8 R+5 George Holding

Overview

[edit]

Statewide

[edit]
Party Candidates Votes Seats
No. % No. +/– %
Republican 13 2,447,326 53.22 9 Steady 76.92
Democratic 13 2,142,661 46.60 3 Steady 23.08
Libertarian 1 8,471 0.18 0 Steady 0.00
Total 4,598,458 100.0 100.0 13 Steady 100.0
Popular vote
Republican
53.22%
Democratic
46.60%
Libertarian
0.18%
House seats
Republican
76.92%
Democratic
23.08%
Libertarian
0.00%

By district

[edit]

Results of the 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina by district:

District Republican Democratic Libertarian Total Result
Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes %
District 1 101,567 28.96% 240,661 68.62% 8,471 2.42% 350,699 100.00% Democratic hold
District 2 221,485 56.71% 169,082 43.29% 0 0.00% 390,567 100.00% Republican hold
District 3 217,531 67.20% 106,170 32.80% 0 0.00% 323,701 100.00% Republican hold
District 4 130,161 31.78% 279,380 68.22% 0 0.00% 409,541 100.00% Democratic hold
District 5 207,625 58.40% 147,887 41.60% 0 0.00% 355,512 100.00% Republican hold
District 6 207,983 59.23% 143,167 40.77% 0 0.00% 351,150 100.00% Republican hold
District 7 211,801 60.91% 135,905 39.09% 0 0.00% 347,706 100.00% Republican hold
District 8 189,863 58.77% 133,182 41.23% 0 0.00% 323,045 100.00% Republican hold
District 9 193,452 58.18% 139,041 41.82% 0 0.00% 332,493 100.00% Republican hold
District 10 220,825 63.14% 128,919 36.86% 0 0.00% 349,744 100.00% Republican hold
District 11 230,405 64.09% 129,103 35.91% 0 0.00% 359,508 100.00% Republican hold
District 12 115,185 32.98% 234,115 67.02% 0 0.00% 349,300 100.00% Democratic hold
District 13 199,443 56.10% 156,049 43.90% 0 0.00% 355,492 100.00% Republican hold
Total 2,447,326 53.22% 2,142,661 46.60% 8,471 0.18% 4,598,458 100.00%

District 1

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 1st congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Nominee G. K. Butterfield H. Powell Dew Jr.
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 240,661 101,567
Percentage 68.6% 29.0%

U.S. Representative before election

G. K. Butterfield
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

G. K. Butterfield
Democratic

The 1st district is located in Northeastern North Carolina. The new map made the 1st district somewhat more compact.[5] Incumbent Democrat G. K. Butterfield, who had represented the district since 2004, ran for re-election. He was re-elected with 73% of the vote in 2014. The district had a PVI of D+15.

Democratic primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]

Republican primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]

No candidates filed for the Republican primary for this seat under the old map, but Powell Dew Jr filed under the new map and was unopposed for his party's nomination.

Nominee
[edit]
  • H. Powell Dew Jr., member of the Stantonsburg Town Council[7]

Libertarian primary

[edit]

C. L. Cooke was running unopposed for the Libertarian nomination under the old map. J. J. Summerell was the only Libertarian candidate to file under the new map.[7]

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 1st congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic G. K. Butterfield (incumbent) 240,661 68.6
Republican H. Powell Dew Jr. 101,567 29.0
Libertarian J. J. Summerell 8,471 2.4
Total votes 350,699 100.0
Democratic hold

District 2

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 2nd congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Nominee George Holding John McNeil
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 221,485 169,082
Percentage 56.7% 43.3%

U.S. Representative before election

Renee Ellmers
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

George Holding
Republican

The 2nd district is located in central North Carolina. The new map moved the 2nd district to the east and the north.[5] Incumbent Republican Renee Ellmers, who had represented the district since 2011, ran for re-election.[12] She was re-elected with 59% of the vote in 2014. The district had a PVI of R+8.

Republican primary

[edit]

Campaign

[edit]

Ellmers had faced a primary challenge from radio host Frank Roche in 2014. Despite Roche's weak fundraising, she only won the primary 59% to 41%. Her role in a 20-week abortion ban bill being pulled intensified calls from the conservative wing to challenge her in 2016.[13]

Jim Duncan,[14] the former chair of the Chatham County Republican Party and co-founder of the grassroots organization The Coalition for American Principles, challenged Ellmers for the Republican nomination at first but dropped out after the district lines changed.[15] 2014 candidate Frank Roche also ran again at first but likewise did not file in the new 2nd district.[16] Businessman Tim D'Annunzio and former North Carolina Republican Party communications director Kay Daly also ran before the district map changed and then switched to other districts.[17][18]

The new district incorporated much of what had been the 13th district, leading that district's representative, George Holding, to file as a candidate in the 2nd, although his home was now in the 4th district.[19] Meanwhile, Greg Brannon entered the 2nd district GOP primary as well, after losing the primary for U.S. Senate to incumbent Richard Burr.[20]

Ellmers was subject to a high level of campaign spending by outside groups aligning themselves with the Tea Party movement, including Americans for Prosperity, which spent in the "low six figures" to defeat her.[21] They opposed Ellmers for her votes on a bill related to abortion[13][21] as well as votes on spending and budget bills, and to support the continuation of the Export-Import Bank.[21]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
  • George Holding, incumbent U.S. Representative for North Carolina's 13th congressional district
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
Withdrawn
[edit]
  • Kay Daly (running in the 13th district)
  • Tim D'Annunzio, businessman, nominee for North Carolina's 4th congressional district in 2012 and candidate for North Carolina's 8th congressional district in 2010. (running in the 8th district)
  • Jim Duncan, chair of the Chatham County Republican Party, co-founder of the grassroots organization The Coalition for American Principles[22]
  • Frank Roche, conservative internet talk show host and lecturer in economics at Elon University, candidate for this seat in 2012, candidate for North Carolina's 4th congressional district in 2010 and candidate for State Treasurer in 2012[23]

Endorsements

[edit]
Greg Brannon

Organizations

Jim Duncan (withdrawn)

Organizations

Renee Ellmers

Individuals

Organizations

George Holding

Results

[edit]
Republican primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George Holding (incumbent) 17,084 53.4
Republican Renee Ellmers (incumbent) 7,552 23.6
Republican Greg Brannon 7,359 23.0
Total votes 31,995 100.0

Democratic primary

[edit]

Adam Coker was running unopposed for the Democratic nomination under the previous district map. After the new map was adopted, two candidates who had previously filed to run in the 13th district, like Holding, filed in the 2nd: John McNeil and Ron Sanyal.[30] They were joined by three other candidates who had previously not filed for any seat.

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
  • John P. McNeil, attorney and U.S. Marine Corps veteran
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
  • Elton R. Brewington
  • Steven E. Hight
  • Ron Sanyal, candidate for this seat in 2014
  • Jane Watson, attorney
Withdrawn
[edit]
  • Adam Coker, small business owner and entrepreneur (running in 13th district)

Results

[edit]
Democratic primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John P. McNeil 7,613 46.1
Democratic Jane Watson 3,875 23.5
Democratic Steven E. Hight 1,870 11.3
Democratic Ron Sanyal 1,761 10.7
Democratic Elton R. Brewington 1,387 8.4
Total votes 16,506 100.0

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 2nd congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George Holding (incumbent) 221,485 56.7
Democratic John P. McNeil 169,082 43.3
Total votes 390,567 100.0
Republican hold

District 3

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 3rd congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Nominee Walter B. Jones Jr. Ernest T. Reeves
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 217,531 106,170
Percentage 67.2% 32.8%

U.S. Representative before election

Walter B. Jones Jr.
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Walter B. Jones Jr.
Republican

The 3rd district is located on the Atlantic coast of North Carolina. It covers the Outer Banks and the counties adjacent to the Pamlico Sound. The new map made the district somewhat more compact, removing some of its more southern and western areas.[5] Incumbent Republican Walter B. Jones Jr., who had represented the district since 1995, ran for re-election.[36] He was re-elected with 68% of the vote in 2014. The district had a PVI of R+11.

Republican primary

[edit]

Jones, who has a reputation as a maverick, ran for re-election, saying "I like to be a thorn in people's ass". Taylor Griffin, a one-time aide to United States Senator Jesse Helms and to President George W. Bush, ran against Jones in the Republican primary again in 2016, just as he had done in 2014.[37]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
Eliminated in primary
[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Walter Jones Jr.

Organizations

Results

[edit]
Republican primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Walter B. Jones Jr. (incumbent) 15,799 64.9
Republican Phil Law 4,946 20.3
Republican Taylor Griffin 3,610 14.8
Total votes 24,355 100.0

Democratic primary

[edit]

David Allan Hurst was running unopposed for the Democratic nomination under the old map.[39] After the new district map was adopted, he was joined by U.S. Army veteran Ernest T. Reeves, who had just lost the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate to Deborah Ross.

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
  • David Allan Hurst

Results

[edit]
Democratic primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ernest T. Reeves 6,456 54.7
Democratic David Allan Hurst 5,351 45.3
Total votes 11,807 100.0

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Walter Jones Jr. (R)

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 3rd congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Walter B. Jones Jr. (incumbent) 217,531 67.2
Democratic Ernest T. Reeves 106,170 32.8
Total votes 323,701 100.0
Republican hold

District 4

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 4th congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Nominee David Price Sue Googe
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 279,380 130,161
Percentage 68.2% 31.8%

U.S. Representative before election

David Price
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

David Price
Democratic

The 4th district is located in the Research Triangle area. The new map made the 4th district more compact, removing its southern portions.[5] Incumbent Democrat David Price, who had represented the district since 1997, and previously represented it from 1987 to 1995, ran for re-election. He was re-elected with 75% of the vote in 2014. The district had a PVI of D+13.

Democratic primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]

Republican primary

[edit]

Sue Googe, a first-generation Chinese immigrant, filed to challenge Price.[41]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
  • Sue Googe, real estate investment company founder
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
  • Teiji Kimball, U.S. Army Reserve member and veteran

Results

[edit]
Republican primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Sue Googe 10,947 71.3
Republican Teiji Kimball 4,399 28.7
Total votes 15,346 100.0

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Sue Googe

Organizations

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 4th congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic David Price (incumbent) 279,380 68.2
Republican Sue Googe 130,161 31.8
Total votes 409,541 100.0
Democratic hold

District 5

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 5th congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Nominee Virginia Foxx Josh Brannon
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 207,625 147,887
Percentage 58.4% 41.6%

U.S. Representative before election

Virginia Foxx
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Virginia Foxx
Republican

The 5th district is located in northwestern North Carolina, from the Appalachian Mountains to the Piedmont Triad area. The new map shifted the district slightly to the north and put the entirety of Forsyth County in the district.[5] Incumbent Republican Virginia Foxx, who had represented the district since 2005, ran for re-election. She was re-elected with 61% of the vote in 2014. The district had a PVI of R+9.

Republican primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
  • Pattie Curran, Tea Party activist[43]

Results

[edit]
Republican primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Virginia Foxx (incumbent) 17,162 67.9
Republican Pattie Curran 8,098 32.1
Total votes 25,260 100.0

Democratic primary

[edit]

Josh Brannon, the 2014 nominee for this seat, was running unopposed for the Democratic nomination under the previous district map. After the new district map was adopted, he was joined by two other challengers, including Jim Roberts, who had previously been running in the 6th district.

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
  • Josh Brannon, software developer and nominee for this seat in 2014
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
  • Jim Roberts, former president of the North Carolina Pest Management Association and U.S. Air Force veteran
  • Charlie Wallin

Results

[edit]
Democratic primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Josh Brannon 7,430 47.7
Democratic Charlie Wallin 4,184 26.9
Democratic Jim Roberts 3,959 25.4
Total votes 15,573 100.0

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Virginia Foxx (R)

Organizations

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 5th congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Virginia Foxx (incumbent) 207,625 58.4
Democratic Josh Brannon 147,887 41.6
Total votes 355,512 100.0
Republican hold

District 6

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 6th congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Nominee Mark Walker Pete Glidewell
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 207,983 143,167
Percentage 59.2% 40.8%

U.S. Representative before election

Mark Walker
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Mark Walker
Republican

The 6th district is located in northern-central North Carolina. The new map made the district more compact, removing some western, eastern and southern portions.[5] The incumbent was Republican Mark Walker, who had represented the district since 2015. He was elected with 59% of the vote in 2014, succeeding retiring Republican incumbent Howard Coble.

Republican primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
  • Chris Hardin, pharmaceutical representative[45]
Withdrawn
[edit]
  • Kenn Kopf, attorney and candidate for this seat in 2014 (withdrew December 21, 2015)[46][47]

Results

[edit]
Republican primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mark Walker (incumbent) 16,859 77.9
Republican Chris Hardin 4,777 22.1
Total votes 21,636 100.0

Democratic primary

[edit]

Former Guilford County Commissioner Bruce Davis, former Alamance County Democratic Party Chairman Pete Glidewell and Jim Roberts were seeking the Democratic nomination to challenge Walker under the old map.[48][49][50] After the new map was adopted, Davis and Roberts filed to run in different districts, leaving Glidewell unopposed for the nomination.

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
  • Pete Glidewell, former Alamance County Democratic Party Chair
Withdrawn
[edit]
  • Bruce Davis, former Guilford County Commissioner (running in the 13th district)
  • Jim Roberts (running in the 5th district)

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Mark Walker (R)

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 6th congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mark Walker (incumbent) 207,983 59.2
Democratic Pete Glidewell 143,167 40.8
Total votes 351,150 100.0
Republican hold

District 7

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 7th congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Nominee David Rouzer J. Wesley Casteen
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 211,801 135,905
Percentage 60.9% 39.1%

U.S. Representative before election

David Rouzer
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

David Rouzer
Republican

The 7th district is located in southeastern North Carolina. The new map shifted the district slightly to the east, but much of it remained the same.[5] The incumbent was Republican David Rouzer, who had represented the district since 2015. He was elected with 59% of the vote in 2014, succeeding retiring Democratic incumbent Mike McIntyre.

Republican primary

[edit]

Rouzer is running for re-election to a second term. Former North Carolina Republican Party second congressional district Chairman Mark Otto was challenging Rouzer for the Republican nomination under the old map,[51] but did not file his candidacy under the new map.

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
Withdrawn
[edit]
  • Mark Otto, former North Carolina Republican Party second congressional district chair
Declined
[edit]
  • Haywood "Woody" White, New Hanover County Commissioner, former state senator and candidate for this seat in 2014[52][53]

Democratic primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
  • J. Wesley Casteen, attorney, CPA, and Libertarian nominee for this seat in 2014[51]

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
David Rouzer (R)

Organizations

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 7th congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David Rouzer (incumbent) 211,801 60.9
Democratic J. Wesley Casteen 135,905 39.1
Total votes 347,706 100.0
Republican hold

District 8

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 8th congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Nominee Richard Hudson Thomas Mills
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 189,863 133,182
Percentage 58.8% 41.2%

U.S. Representative before election

Richard Hudson
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Richard Hudson
Republican

The 8th district is located in southern-central North Carolina. The new map shifted the district slightly to the north and to the east.[5] The incumbent was Republican Richard Hudson, who had represented the district since 2013. He was re-elected with 65% of the vote in 2014.

Republican primary

[edit]

Richard Hudson ran for re-election to a third term, and was unopposed for the Republican nomination under the old map.[54] After the new district map was adopted, Tim D'Annunzio, who had been running in the 2nd district, filed instead to run in the 8th.

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
  • Tim D'Annunzio, businessman, nominee for North Carolina's 4th congressional district in 2012 and candidate this district in 2010.
Declined
[edit]
  • Wes Rhinier, Rowan County Republican Party Executive Committee member[55]

Results

[edit]
Republican primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Richard Hudson (incumbent) 16,375 64.6
Republican Tim D'Annunzio 8,943 35.4
Total votes 25,248 100.0

Democratic primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
  • Thomas Mills, political and public affairs consultant and Founder/Editor-Publisher of Politics NC
Declined
[edit]

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Richard Hudson (R)

Organizations

Thomas Mills (D)

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 8th congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Richard Hudson (incumbent) 189,863 58.8
Democratic Thomas Mills 133,182 41.2
Total votes 323,045 100.0
Republican hold

District 9

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 9th congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Candidate Robert Pittenger Christian Cano
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 193,452 139,041
Percentage 58.2% 41.8%

U.S. Representative before election

Robert Pittenger
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Robert Pittenger
Republican

The 9th district is located in south-central North Carolina. The new map moved the 9th district to the east and to the south.[5] The incumbent was Republican Robert Pittenger, who had represented the district since 2013. He was re-elected with 94% of the vote in 2014.

Republican primary

[edit]

George Rouco, an attorney and former CIA officer, was challenging Pittenger for the Republican nomination under the old map.[58] After the new map was adopted, Rouco filed to run in the 13th district instead. Meanwhile, two other Republicans filed to challenge Pittenger: Rev. Mark Harris, who ran in 2014 for the U.S. Senate and former Union County Commissioner Todd Johnson.[59]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
Withdrawn
[edit]
  • George Rouco, attorney and former CIA officer (running in the 13th district)

Endorsements

[edit]
Robert Pittenger

U.S. Senators

U.S. Representatives

Statewide officials

Individuals

Results

[edit]
Republican primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Robert Pittenger (incumbent) 9,299 35.0
Republican Mark Harris 9,165 34.4
Republican Todd Johnson 8,142 30.6
Total votes 26,606 100.0

Harris called for a recount, as allowed under state law because Pittenger's margin of victory was so small.[61]

Democratic primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
  • Christian Cano, hotel manager and hospitality consultant

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Robert Pittenger (R)

Organizations

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 9th congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Robert Pittenger (incumbent) 193,452 58.2
Democratic Christian Cano 139,041 41.8
Total votes 332,493 100.0
Republican hold

District 10

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 10th congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Nominee Patrick McHenry Andy Millard
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 220,825 128,919
Percentage 63.1% 36.9%

U.S. Representative before election

Patrick McHenry
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Patrick McHenry
Republican

The 10th district is located in central and western North Carolina. The new map made only minor changes to the district.[5] The incumbent was Republican Patrick McHenry, who had represented the district since 2005. He was re-elected with 61% of the vote in 2014.

Republican primary

[edit]

Patrick McHenry is running for re-election.[63] He was being opposed by one candidate, Albert Wiley, in the Republican primary under the old map. After the new map was adopted, two more Republican challengers filed.

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
  • Jeffrey Baker
  • Jeff Gregory, postmaster
  • Albert Wiley Jr., physician and professor

Results

[edit]
Republican primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Patrick McHenry (incumbent) 14,817 78.4
Republican Jeff Gregory 2,277 12.1
Republican Jeffrey Baker 905 4.8
Republican Albert Lee Wiley Jr. 896 4.7
Total votes 18,895 100.0

Democratic primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
  • Andy Millard, financial planner[64]

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Patrick McHenry (R)

Organizations

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 10th congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Patrick McHenry (incumbent) 220,825 63.1
Democratic Andy Millard 128,919 36.9
Total votes 349,744 100.0
Republican hold

District 11

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 11th congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Nominee Mark Meadows Rick Bryson
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 230,405 129,103
Percentage 64.1% 35.9%

U.S. Representative before election

Mark Meadows
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Mark Meadows
Republican

The 11th district is located in western North Carolina. The new map made only minor changes to the district.[5] The incumbent was Republican Mark Meadows, who had represented the district since 2013. He was re-elected with 63% of the vote in 2014.

Republican primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]

Democratic primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
  • Rick Bryson, Bryson City Alderman[66]
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
  • Tom Hill, physicist, nominee for this seat in 2014 and candidate for this seat 2012[67]

Results

[edit]
Democratic primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Rick Bryson 9,695 50.7
Democratic Tom Hill 9,440 49.3
Total votes 19,099 100.0

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Mark Meadows (R)

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 11th congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mark Meadows (incumbent) 230,405 64.1
Democratic Rick Bryson 129,103 35.9
Total votes 359,508 100.0
Republican hold

District 12

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 12th congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Nominee Alma Adams Leon Threatt
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 234,115 115,185
Percentage 67.0% 33.0%

U.S. Representative before election

Alma Adams
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

Alma Adams
Democratic

The 12th district includes nearly all of Charlotte and surrounding Mecklenburg County. The new 2016 map made major changes to the 12th district, which had previously been a narrow district that included parts of Winston-Salem, Greensboro, Lexington, Salisbury, Concord, and High Point, as well as parts of Charlotte.[5] The incumbent was Democrat Alma Adams, who had represented the district since 2014. She was elected with 75% of the vote in 2014.

Democratic primary

[edit]

Alma Adams is running for re-election to a second term.[68] Adams' home in Greensboro was removed from the 12th district, but she announced she would move to Charlotte.[69] Gardenia Henley, a retired U.S. diplomat, Inspector General Auditor and frequent candidate who ran in 2014 for the 5th district, was challenging Adams for the Democratic nomination under the previous map, and continued to run after the map changed.[70]

Former state senator Malcolm Graham of Mecklenburg County, who lost the 2014 primary to Adams (44%–24%), was rumored as a potential primary challenger.[71] Subsequently, Graham did not run under the map in place at the time.[72] Later, however, after the new district map was adopted, Graham filed to run. Three members of the North Carolina House of Representatives who represent parts of Mecklenburg County also ran: Tricia Cotham, Carla Cunningham and Rodney W. Moore.[73] Moore later suspended his campaign, but his name remained on the ballot.[74]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
Withdrawn
[edit]

Results

[edit]
Democratic primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Alma Adams (incumbent) 12,400 42.5
Democratic Malcolm Graham 8,428 28.9
Democratic Tricia Cotham 6,165 21.1
Democratic Carla D. Cunningham 1,255 4.3
Democratic Gardenia Henley 444 1.5
Democratic Rodney W. Moore (Withdrawn) 245 0.8
Democratic Rick Miller 235 0.8
Total votes 29,172 100.0

Republican primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
  • Leon Threatt, pastor and former police officer[75]
Eliminated in primary
[edit]

Results

[edit]
Republican primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Leon Threatt 3,495 41.8
Republican Paul Wright 2,894 34.6
Republican Ryan Duffie 1,973 23.6
Total votes 8,362 100.0

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 12th congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Alma Adams (incumbent) 234,115 67.0
Republican Leon Threatt 115,185 33.0
Total votes 349,300 100.0
Democratic hold

District 13

[edit]
2016 North Carolina's 13th congressional district election

← 2014
2018 →
 
Nominee Ted Budd Bruce Davis
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 199,443 156,049
Percentage 56.1% 43.9%

U.S. Representative before election

George Holding
Republican

Elected U.S. Representative

Ted Budd
Republican

The 13th district is located primarily in the Piedmont Triad area. The new map completely moved the 13th district, which had previously consisted of parts of Wake County and eastern North Carolina.[5] The incumbent was Republican George Holding, who had represented the district since 2013. He was re-elected with 57% of the vote in 2014.

Republican primary

[edit]

George Holding had been running for re-election to a third term, and was unopposed for the Republican nomination, under the old map. After the new map was adopted, he filed to run in the 2nd district. The new district attracted a large field of Republican candidates of which Ted Budd, a gun shop owner who had never before run for public office, won the Republican nomination with only 20% of the vote.[81]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
Withdrawn
[edit]
  • George Holding, incumbent U.S. Representative (running in the 2nd district)

Results

[edit]
Republican primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Ted Budd 6,340 20.0
Republican John Blust 3,308 10.4
Republican Hank Henning 3,289 10.4
Republican Julia Craven Howard 3,254 10.3
Republican Matthew J. McCall 2,872 9.1
Republican Andrew C. Brock 2,803 8.8
Republican Jason A. Walser 2,319 7.3
Republican Dan Barrett 2,296 7.2
Republican Harry Warren 1,266 4.0
Republican Vernon Robinson 970 3.1
Republican Kay Daly 889 2.8
Republican George Rouco 773 2.4
Republican Jim Snyder 436 1.4
Republican Farren K. Shoaf 404 1.3
Republican Chad A. Gant 198 0.6
Republican David W. Thompson 147 0.5
Republican Kathy Feather 142 0.4
Total votes 31,706 100.0

Democratic primary

[edit]

Ron Sanyal, who ran for this seat in 2014,[82] and John P. McNeil, an attorney and U.S. Marine Corps veteran, were running for the seat under the old map.[83] After the new map was adopted, they filed to run in the 2nd district instead. New candidates in the 13th included businessman Kevin Griffin, who had just lost the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate to Deborah Ross.

Bruce Davis, a veteran, small business owner, and former Guilford County Commissioner, won the Democratic nomination.[84] Bob Isner, father of tennis star John Isner, came in a close second.[85]

Candidates

[edit]
Nominee
[edit]
  • Bruce Davis, former Guilford County Commissioner, candidate for the state senate in 2008, 2010 and 2012 and candidate for North Carolina's 6th congressional district in 2014
Eliminated in primary
[edit]
  • Adam Coker, small business owner and entrepreneur
  • Mazie Ferguson, attorney
  • Kevin D. Griffin, businessman
  • Bob Isner, property developer, father of John Isner
Withdrawn
[edit]
  • John McNeil, attorney and U.S. Marine Corps veteran (running in the 2nd district)
  • Ron Sanyal, candidate for North Carolina's 2nd congressional district in 2014 (running in the 2nd district)

Endorsements

[edit]
Bob Isner

Individuals

Results

[edit]
Democratic primary results[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Bruce Davis 4,709 26.0
Democratic Bob Isner 4,597 25.1
Democratic Adam Coker 4,125 22.5
Democratic Mazie Ferguson 2,963 16.2
Democratic Kevin D. Griffin 1,946 10.6
Total votes 18,340 100.0

General election

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Bruce Davis (D)

Labor unions

Local officials

Results

[edit]
North Carolina's 13th congressional district, 2016 [11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Ted Budd 199,443 56.1
Democratic Bruce Davis 156,049 43.9
Total votes 355,492 100.0
Republican hold

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "NC House sets congressional primary on June 7; Senate OKs new map". newsobserver. Archived from the original on February 21, 2016. Retrieved March 5, 2016.
  2. ^ "Candidate Listing" (PDF). North Carolina State Board of Elections. Retrieved December 21, 2015.[permanent dead link]
  3. ^ "North Carolina General Assembly - 2016 Contingent Congressional Plan - Corrected*". Archived from the original on January 12, 2018. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
  4. ^ "Federal court invalidates maps of two NC congressional districts | The Charlotte Observer". Archived from the original on March 11, 2017. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m The previous (2011) map is located at http://www.ncleg.net/GIS/Download/District_Plans/DB_2011/Congress/Rucho-Lewis_Congress_3/Maps/mapSimple.pdf Archived 2015-02-26 at the Wayback Machine and the current (2016) map is located at http://www.ncleg.net/GIS/Download/District_Plans/DB_2016/Congress/CCP16_Corrected/CCP16_Corrected_11x17.pdf Archived 2016-03-22 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ Wolfe, Wes (December 9, 2015). "Primary, November ballots continue to fill". Kinston Free Press. Archived from the original on December 15, 2015. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
  7. ^ a b "Candidate filings from NC State Board of Elections". Archived from the original on October 8, 2021. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h "NC Labor 2016 Voter Guide" (PDF). aflcionc.org/. NC State AFL-CIO. September 2, 2016.
  9. ^ a b c "Our Candidates". Archived from the original on April 3, 2018. Retrieved January 19, 2023.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h "Election 2016: Boilermakers recommend candidates". boilermakers.org. International Brotherhood of Boilermakers. October 17, 2016. Retrieved April 8, 2023.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "North Carolina Official General Election Results". North Carolina State Board of Elections. November 8, 2016. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
  12. ^ Leslie, Laura (December 18, 2015). "Eyeing growing primary field, Ellmers burnishes credentials". WRAL. Archived from the original on December 20, 2015. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
  13. ^ a b Emily Cahn (January 23, 2015). "Renee Ellmers May Face Primary Challenge". Roll Call. Archived from the original on January 25, 2015. Retrieved January 26, 2015.
  14. ^ "Jim Duncan for NC". Jim Duncan for NC. Jim for NC Committee. Archived from the original on December 20, 2015. Retrieved December 7, 2015.
  15. ^ Jarvis, Craig (April 6, 2015). "Ellmers gets GOP challenger". The News & Observer. Archived from the original on April 9, 2015. Retrieved April 6, 2015.
  16. ^ Jarvis, Craig (April 17, 2015). "Roche running against Ellmers again". The News & Observer. Archived from the original on April 20, 2015. Retrieved April 22, 2015.
  17. ^ Barksdale, Andrew (December 15, 2015). "Spring Lake Mayor Chris Rey files for U.S. Senate". The Fayetteville Observer. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
  18. ^ Wing, Nick (September 25, 2015). "Holy Smokes, This Is A Real Campaign Ad!". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on October 7, 2015. Retrieved October 6, 2015.
  19. ^ "News & Observer: U.S. Rep. George Holding plans to challenge Rep. Renee Ellmers under new map". Archived from the original on March 24, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  20. ^ "News & Observer: Greg Brannon to enter 2nd District primary against Renee Ellmers, George Holding". Archived from the original on April 1, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  21. ^ a b c Taylor, Jessica (June 6, 2016). "How A Tea Partier Became Its Villain — And Why She Could Lose Tuesday". NPR. Archived from the original on September 6, 2017. Retrieved September 5, 2017.
  22. ^ "News & Observer: Jim Duncan ends congressional campaign". Archived from the original on March 28, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  23. ^ "News & Observer: Frank Roche won't run". Archived from the original on April 1, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  24. ^ a b c "2016 Candidates Endorsed By Eagle Forum PAC". eagleforum.org. October 10, 2024. Archived from the original on September 22, 2017. Retrieved February 15, 2023.
  25. ^ Maggie Haberman (June 6, 2016). "Donald Trump Makes His First Congressional Endorsement". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 6, 2016. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  26. ^ a b c "2016 Candidates". maggieslist.org. Archived from the original on July 25, 2016. Retrieved June 5, 2023.
  27. ^ Elena Schneider (May 12, 2016). "Koch-backed group targets first GOP incumbent in primary". politico.com. Politico. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  28. ^ Lynn Bonner (April 26, 2016). "FreedomWorks PAC backs Holding". newsobserver.com. The News & Observer. Archived from the original on April 27, 2016. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  29. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "NC SBE Contest Results". er.ncsbe.gov. Archived from the original on February 22, 2019. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  30. ^ "News & Observer: Holding's Democratic challengers plan to follow him to new 2nd district". Archived from the original on April 12, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  31. ^ "ACU Endorses George Holding". georgeholdingforcongress.com. May 16, 2016. Archived from the original on October 29, 2016. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
  32. ^ a b c d e f "2016 Candidate Endorsements". cwfpac.com. Campaign for Working Families. Archived from the original on October 24, 2016. Retrieved August 2, 2023.
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "North Carolina Grades & Endorsements". nrapvf.org. National Rifle Association of America - Political Victory Fund. Archived from the original on October 29, 2016. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  34. ^ a b c "All Federal Endorsements 2016". nowpac.org. National Organization for Women. October 20, 2016. Archived from the original on October 21, 2016. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  35. ^ "Endorsements". johnpmcneil.com/. Archived from the original on October 29, 2016. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
  36. ^ Frank, John (October 31, 2013). "GOP 'extremist movement' prompts NC Candidate to Switch to Democrat". News & Observer. Archived from the original on September 9, 2014. Retrieved March 22, 2015.
  37. ^ Emily Cahn (February 19, 2015). "Undeterred by Primary Threats, Walter Jones to Seek 12th Term". Roll Call. Archived from the original on March 6, 2015. Retrieved March 22, 2015.
  38. ^ Wolfe, Wes (March 19, 2015). "Challenger announces for Jones' House seat". Kinston Free Press. Archived from the original on March 21, 2015. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
  39. ^ "David Allan Hurst". Facebook. Archived from the original on March 8, 2016. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
  40. ^ "Walker, Price file for re-election to U.S. House". The Times-News. December 4, 2015. Archived from the original on December 12, 2015. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
  41. ^ Bonner, Lynn (November 18, 2015). "Republican announces challenge to U.S. Rep. Price". The News & Observer. Archived from the original on November 23, 2015. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
  42. ^ "Foxx files for re-election". The Yadkin Ripple. December 1, 2015. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
  43. ^ Garber, Paul (April 7, 2015). "Foxx To Have GOP Challenger in 2016". WFDD. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
  44. ^ Killian, Joe (October 3, 2015). "U.S. Rep. Mark Walker launches his re-election bid". Winston-Salem Journal. Archived from the original on October 14, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
  45. ^ Killian, Joe (October 24, 2015). "Hardin offers second GOP challenge to Rep. Mark Walker". News & Record. Archived from the original on September 6, 2019. Retrieved October 24, 2015.
  46. ^ Killian, Joe (October 1, 2015). "Mark Walker gets a GOP challenger for the 6th District". News & Record. Archived from the original on September 4, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
  47. ^ Kopf, Kenn (December 21, 2015). "After serious consideration of certain personal and professional demands involved". Facebook. Archived from the original on December 21, 2015. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
  48. ^ Paul B. Johnson (September 6, 2015). "Former commissioner Davis will try another run at Congress". High Point Enterprise. Retrieved November 10, 2015.[permanent dead link]
  49. ^ Killian, Joe (November 12, 2015). "Glidewell joins race for Sixth District seat". Greensboro News & Record. Archived from the original on October 14, 2021. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
  50. ^ Flagg, Terri (December 8, 2015). "Pilot Mountain's James Roberts files to run for Congress". The Mount Airy News. Archived from the original on December 10, 2015. Retrieved December 8, 2015.
  51. ^ a b "Rouzer Gets Primary Challenge, Former Foe Changes Party to Run Again". WWAY. December 21, 2015. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
  52. ^ Wynne, John (November 18, 2015). "A Rouzer-White Rematch". PoliticsNC. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
  53. ^ Buckland, Tim (November 24, 2015). "White decides against rematch with Rouzer". Star-News. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
  54. ^ "Rep. Hudson files for re-election". The Courier-Tribune. December 1, 2015. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
  55. ^ Bergeron, Josh (February 13, 2015). "Political notebook: Rowan Republican wants to censure Hudson, run for congress". Salisbury Post. Archived from the original on September 10, 2015. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
  56. ^ Batts, Mat (December 17, 2015). "Group wants Cunningham to run in 8th District for Democrats". The Dispatch. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  57. ^ "Sierra Club Endorsement for the 2016 Election Cycle" (PDF). thomasmillsnc.com. September 12, 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 29, 2016. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
  58. ^ Perlmutt, David (September 3, 2015). "Attorney George Rouco, a former CIA officer, to run against Rep. Pittenger in GOP Primary". The Charlotte Observer. Archived from the original on September 15, 2015. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  59. ^ "News & Observer/Charlotte Observer". Archived from the original on May 26, 2016. Retrieved May 27, 2016.
  60. ^ Jim Morrill (January 14, 2016). "Sue Myrick endorses Rep. Robert Pittenger's GOP challenger". charlotteobserver.com. The Charlotte Observer. Archived from the original on February 3, 2016. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  61. ^ "Charlotte Observer: Pittenger wins tight race". Archived from the original on June 11, 2016. Retrieved June 10, 2016.
  62. ^ Anthony Yeager. "NC09 Christian Cano (D) Earns Charlotte Observer's Endorsement" (PDF). canoforcongress.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 29, 2016. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
  63. ^ Barrett, Mark (December 2, 2015). "Patrick McHenry files for seventh term in US House". Asheville Citizen-Times. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  64. ^ Justice, Leah (March 24, 2015). "Millard announces candidacy for U.S. Congress". Tryon Daily Bulletin. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 31, 2015.
  65. ^ Barrett, Mark (December 1, 2015). "Mark Meadows files for third term". Asheville Citizen-Times. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
  66. ^ Jackson, Mark (December 7, 2015). "Rick Bryson files to run for Congress in NC 11th District". Caldwell Journal. Archived from the original on December 10, 2015. Retrieved December 8, 2015.
  67. ^ "Hill to run against Meadows; school board candidates file". Times-News. December 12, 2015. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
  68. ^ "Adams files for re-election to 12th Congressional District". News & Record. December 4, 2015. Archived from the original on October 14, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
  69. ^ "Charlotte Observer". Archived from the original on April 11, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  70. ^ "Forsyth County native files for 12th District seat". The Dispatch. December 10, 2015. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 13, 2015.
  71. ^ Singer, Jeff (May 11, 2015). "Daily Kos Elections Morning Digest: The far-right gets their candidate in the Indiana Senate race". Daily Kos Elections. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
  72. ^ Ordonez, Franco (July 22, 2015). "As Rep. Alma Adams eyes 2016, is Charlotte a problem?". McClatchyDC. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
  73. ^ "Congressional primary attracts stampede of candidates". WRAL.com. March 25, 2016. Archived from the original on May 26, 2020. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  74. ^ "News & Observer/Charlotte Observer". Archived from the original on May 17, 2016. Retrieved May 16, 2016.
  75. ^ "Charlotte Observer". Archived from the original on May 22, 2016. Retrieved May 27, 2016.
  76. ^ "Charlotte Observer". Archived from the original on May 22, 2016. Retrieved May 27, 2016.
  77. ^ "Charlotte Observer: Former Judge Paul Wright running for Congress". Archived from the original on May 22, 2016. Retrieved May 27, 2016.
  78. ^ "Caucus Members". cpc-grijalva.house.gov. Congressional Progressive Caucus. Archived from the original on December 8, 2016. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  79. ^ "U.S. HOUSE CANDIDATES". emilyslist.org/. Archived from the original on October 12, 2016. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  80. ^ "Endorsed Candidates". endcitizensunited.org. End Citizens United. Archived from the original on November 2, 2016. Retrieved August 2, 2023.
  81. ^ "13th District: Ted Budd wins his first run for office | Charlotte Observer". Archived from the original on September 23, 2020. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
  82. ^ Campbell, Colin (December 1, 2015). "McCrory, 600 other NC candidates talk up campaigns on first day of filing". The News & Observer. Archived from the original on December 4, 2015. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
  83. ^ "About John McNeil". Archived from the original on January 29, 2016. Retrieved January 29, 2016.
  84. ^ Beck, Kenny. "Democrat Bruce Davis Wins 13th District Race". WXII12. Archived from the original on August 9, 2016. Retrieved June 10, 2016.
  85. ^ McCarvel, Nick. "John Isner's father is running for Congress". USA TODAY. Archived from the original on August 2, 2016. Retrieved December 4, 2017.
  86. ^ Wireback, Taft (May 19, 2016). "Political neophyte draws big-dollar support in District 13 House race". Winston-Salem Journal. Retrieved May 24, 2016.
  87. ^ "Home". brucefornc.com. Archived from the original on August 7, 2016. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
[edit]