The Independent ticket was nominated by a convention that met at Carlisle, Pennsylvania and was supported by dissident Democratic-Republicans and Federalists.[2][b] As the opposition Federalist Party did not nominate a presidential candidate in 1816, it is unclear for whom the Independent electors would have voted had they carried Pennsylvania. Historian Phil Lampi speculates that the Independent electors likely would have supported either Rufus King or William H. Crawford, the two individuals most frequently mentioned as potential opposition candidates. Four electors running on the Democratic-Republican ticket were cross-endorsed by the Carlisle convention and were elected unopposed. The most popular elector running exclusively on the Democratic-Republican ticket (William Gillilam) defeated the most popular elector running exclusively on the Independent ticket (Andrew Gregg) by 8,152 votes, or 18.8 percent of the total.[1]
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