List of heads of state of Myanmar

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History of Myanmar
(Sri Ksetra Kingdom, Tagaung Kingdom)
(Thaton Kingdom)
flag Myanmar portal

Konbaung (1752–1885)[edit]

Name Image Reign From Reign Until Relationship with predecessor(s)
Alaungpaya 29 February 1752 11 May 1760 Founder
Naungdawgyi 11 May 1760 28 November 1763 Eldest Son of Alaungpaya
Hsinbyushin 28 November 1763 10 June 1776 Brother of Naungdawgyi and Second eldest son of Alaungpaya
Singu 10 June 1776 6 February 1782 Son of Hsinbyushin
Phaungka 6 February 1782 11 February 1782 Son of Naungdawgyi and cousin brother of Singu
Bodawpaya 11 February 1782 5 June 1819 Uncle; Alaungpaya's fourth son
Bagyidaw 5 June 1819 15 April 1837 Grandson of Bodawpaya
Tharrawaddy 15 April 1837 17 November 1846 Brother of Bagyidaw and grandson of Bodawpaya
Pagan 17 November 1846 18 February 1853 Son of Tharrawaddy Min
Mindon 18 February 1853 1 October 1878 Half Brother of Pagan Min (son of Tharrawaddy Min)
Thibaw 1 October 1878 29 November 1885 Son of Mindon Min

British rule in Burma[edit]

Portrait Name Consort Lifespan Reign Imperial Durbar House
Victoria None 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 1 May 1876 – 22 January 1901 1 January 1877
(represented by Lord Lytton) 		House of Hanover
Edward VII Alexandra of Denmark 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910 22 January 1901 – 6 May 1910 1 January 1903
(represented by Lord Curzon of Kedleston) 		House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
George V Mary of Teck 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936 6 May 1910 – 20 January 1936 12 December 1911 House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
(1910–1917)
House of Windsor
(1917–1936)
Edward VIII None 23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972 20 January 1936 – 11 December 1936 None[a] House of Windsor
George VI Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon 14 December 1895 – 6 February 1952 11 December 1936 – 22 June 1948 None[b] House of Windsor

Commissioners and Governors[edit]

(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

Tenure Portrait Incumbent Notes
British Burma
31 January 1862 to 16 February 1867 Arthur Purves Phayre,
Chief Commissioner		 Arakan, Tenasserim, and Pegu are united as British ("Lower") Burma (within British India)
16 February 1867 to 18 April 1871 Albert Fytche,
Chief Commissioner
18 April 1871 to 14 April 1875 Ashley Eden,
Chief Commissioner
14 April 1875 to 30 March 1878 Augustus Rivers Thompson,
Chief Commissioner		 Acting until 30 April 1877
30 March 1878 to 2 July 1880 Charles Umpherston Aitchison,
Chief Commissioner
2 July 1880 to 2 March 1883 Charles Bernard,
Chief Commissioner		 Acting until 4 April 1882, 1st time
2 March 1883 to 25 September 1886 Sir Charles Haukes Todd Crosthwaite,
Chief Commissioner		 Acting until 28 February 1884, 1st time. On 1 January 1886, as a result of the Third Anglo-Burmese War, remnant of Kingdom of Awa ("Upper Burma") annexed to British Burma (within British India). On 26 February 1886, Upper and Lower Burma united as Burma (within British India)
25 September 1886 to 12 March 1887 Charles Edward Bernard,
Chief Commissioner		 2nd time
12 March 1887 to 10 December 1890 Sir Charles Haukes Todd Crosthwaite,
Chief Commissioner		 2nd time
10 December 1890 to 3 April 1895 Alexander Mackenzie,
Chief Commissioner
3 April 1895 to 1 May 1897 Frederick William Richards Fryer,
Chief Commissioner
1 May 1897 to 4 April 1903 Frederick William Richards Fryer,
Lieutenant Governor
4 April 1903 to 9 May 1905 Sir Hugh Shakespear Barnes,
Lieutenant Governor
9 May 1905 to 19 May 1910 Sir Herbert Thirkell White,
Lieutenant Governor
19 May 1910 to 28 October 1915 Sir Harvey Adamson,
Lieutenant Governor
15 May 1913 to 1 November 1913 Sir George Shaw,
acting Lieutenant Governor		 Acting for Adamson
28 October 1915 to 22 September 1917 Sir Spencer Harcourt Butler,
Lieutenant Governor		 1st time
22 September 1917 to 15 February 1918 Walter Francis Rice,
acting Lieutenant Governor
15 February 1918 to 21 December 1922 Sir Reginald Henry Craddock,
Lieutenant Governor
21 December 1922 to 2 January 1923 Sir Spencer Harcourt Butler,
Lieutenant Governor		 2nd time
2 January 1923 to 20 December 1927 Sir Spencer Harcourt Butler,
Governor
20 December 1927 to 20 December 1932 Sir Charles Alexander Innes,
Governor
20 December 1932 to 8 May 1936 Sir Hugh Landsdowne Stephenson,
Governor
8 May 1936 to 6 May 1941 Sir Archibald Douglas Cochrane,
Governor		 On 1 April 1937, Burma separated from British India, as for provided for in the Government of India Act 1935
6 May 1941 to 31 August 1946 Sir Reginald Hugh Dorman-Smith,
Governor		 From May 1942 until October 1945 in exile at Shimla, British India
Japanese Occupation of British Burma
20 April 1942 to 18 March 1943 Shōjirō Iida,
Military commander		 Commander of the 15th Army
18 March 1943 to 30 August 1944 Masakazu Kawabe,
Military commander		 Commander of the Japanese Burma Area Army
30 August 1944 to 15 August 1945 Heitarō Kimura,
Military Commander
Allied military administration
1 January 1944 to October 1945 Actg. Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten,
Military Governor		 Supreme Allied Commander, South East Asia Command
October 1945 to 31 August 1946 Major general Sir Hubert Elvin Rance,
Military governor
British Burma
31 August 1946 to 4 January 1948 Sir Hubert Elvin Rance,
Governor
4 January 1948 Burma gains independence as Union of Burma, as provided for in the Burma Independence Act 1947 and the Burmese Declaration of Independence

Japanese occupation of Burma[edit]

# Reign Regnal Name Personal Name Notes
1 1942 to 1945 Emperor Shōwa Hirohito

Japanese Superintendents (1942–1945)[edit]

N Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office
Took office Left office
1
Yoshio Nasu

(1897 —1993)

1942 24 July 1942
2 Haruki Isayama  


(1894 —1990)

26 July 1942 1942
3
Eitarō Naka

(1893 —1969)

19 August 1942 18 September 1943
4 Gōtarō Ogawa  

(1876 —1945)

1943 1945

Saharat Thai Doem Authorities[edit]

Thai Military governor in Kengtung and Möngpan[edit]

Chairmen of the Burma (1937–1948)[edit]

N Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office
Took office Left office
1 Ba Maw
 1937 1939
2
Maung Pu 		1939 1940
3
U Saw 		1940 1942
4
Aung San 		1943 1943
5 Ba Maw 1943 1945
6 Sir Paw Tun 1945 1945
7 Tun Oke 1945 1946
8 Sir Paw Tun 1946 1947
9 Aung San 1947 1948
10 U Nu 1948 1948

Presidents of Burma/Myanmar (1948–present)[edit]

Main article: List of presidents of Myanmar

(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

Union of Burma (1948–1974)[edit]

No. Name
(Birth–Death) 		Picture Took office Left office Time in office Political Party
Presidents of the Union
1 Sao Shwe Thaik
(1895–1962) 		4 January 1948 16 March 1952 4 years, 72 days Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
2 Ba U
(1887–1963) 		16 March 1952 13 March 1957 4 years, 362 days Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
3 Win Maung
(1916–1989) 		13 March 1957 2 March 1962[2] 4 years, 354 days Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
Chairman of the Union Revolutionary Council
— Ne Win
(1911–2002) 		2 March 1962 2 March 1974 12 years, 0 days Military /
Burma Socialist Programme Party

Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma (1974–1988)[edit]

Presidents of the Republic
4 Ne Win
(1911–2002) 		2 March 1974 9 November 1981[3] 7 years, 252 days Burma Socialist Programme Party
5 San Yu
(1918–1996) 		9 November 1981 27 July 1988[4] 6 years, 261 days Burma Socialist Programme Party
6 Sein Lwin
(1923–2004) 		27 July 1988 12 August 1988[4] 16 days Burma Socialist Programme Party
— Aye Ko
(1921–2006)
Acting President 		12 August 1988 19 August 1988 7 days Burma Socialist Programme Party
7 Maung Maung
(1925–1994) 		19 August 1988 18 September 1988[5] 30 days Burma Socialist Programme Party

Union of Burma/Myanmar (1988–2011)[edit]

Chairmen of the State Law and Order Restoration Council
— Saw Maung
(1928–1997) 		18 September 1988 23 April 1992[6] 3 years, 218 days Military
— Than Shwe
(1933–) 		23 April 1992 15 November 1997 5 years, 206 days Military
Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council
Than Shwe
(1933–) 		15 November 1997 30 March 2011[7] 13 years, 135 days Military

Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2011–present)[edit]

Presidents of the Republic
8 Thein Sein
(1945–) 		30 March 2011 30 March 2016 5 years, 0 days Union Solidarity and Development Party
9 Htin Kyaw
(1946–) 		30 March 2016 21 March 2018 1 year, 356 days National League for Democracy
— Myint Swe
(1951–)
Acting President 		21 March 2018 30 March 2018 9 days Union Solidarity and Development Party
10 Win Myint
(1951–) 		30 March 2018 Incumbent 6 years, 28 days National League for Democracy

Chairmen of the Burma Socialist Programme Party (1962–1988)[edit]

No. Name
(Birth–Death) 		Picture Took office Left office Time in office Notes
1 Ne Win
(1911–2002) 		4 July 1962 23 July 1988[4] 26 years, 19 days Also Chairman of the Union Revolutionary Council (1962–1974), Prime Minister (1962–1974) and President (1974–1981).
2 Sein Lwin
(1923–2004) 		26 July 1988 12 August 1988[4] 17 days Also President (1988).
3 Maung Maung
(1925–1994) 		19 August 1988 18 September 1988[5] 30 days Also President (1988).

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Edward VIII abdicated after less than one year of reign.
  2. ^ A durbar was deemed expensive and impractical due to poverty and demands for independence.[1]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Vickers, Hugo (2006), Elizabeth: The Queen Mother, Arrow Books/Random House, p. 175, ISBN 978-0-09-947662-7
  2. ^ Deposed in the 1962 coup d'état
  3. ^ Resigned
  4. ^ a b c d Resigned during the 8888 Uprising
  5. ^ a b Deposed in a coup d'état during the 8888 Uprising
  6. ^ Removed from office due to ill health
  7. ^ Handed over power to the civilian government after the 2010 general election

External links[edit]

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