User:Mad runnerist/running economy article draft

Running economy consists of many physiological and biomechanical factors that contribute to running performance, and is measured to quantify energy utilization in the human body while running at an aerobic intensity.^[1]^: 33^[2]^: 465^[3] Oxygen consumption (VO₂) is the most direct method for measuring running economy, as the exchange of gases in the body, specifically oxygen and carbon dioxide, closely reflects metabolism. To allow for comparison between people of various sizes, values that are relative to body mass are traditionally used. However, applications of this practice have proven misleading due to the low correlation between sub-maximal VO₂ and body mass.

Among two other values (VO₂max & Lactate threshold), some experts consider running economy to be a valid indicator of performance in distance running events.

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Measuring running economy[edit]

Units of measurement[edit]

Equipment used[edit]

Protocols[edit]

Relative vs. absolute[edit]

Running economy and growth[edit]

Associated measurements[edit]

Factors affecting running economy[edit]

Physiological factors[edit]

Core temperature[edit]

Heart rate[edit]

Ventilation[edit]

Lactate[edit]

Biomechanical factors[edit]

Anthropometry[edit]

Kinematics and kinetics[edit]

Flexibility[edit]

Ground reaction forces[edit]

Improving running economy[edit]

Strength training[edit]

Altitude training[edit]

Heat training[edit]

References[edit]

^ Daniels, Jack (31 Dec 2013). "Aerobic and training profiles". In Hanlon, Tom; Marty, Claire; Wolpert, Tyler (eds.). Daniels' Running Formula (3 ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. pp. 33–38. ISBN 978-1450431835. The measure of energy expended while running aerobically at some submax speeds is a measure of running economy. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
^ Saunders, Philo; Pyne, David; Telford, Richard; Hawley, John (2004). "Factor affecting running economy in trained distance runners" (PDF). Sports Medicine. 34 (7): 465–485. PMID 15233599. Retrieved 2014-08-18. Running economy (RE) is typically defined as the energy demand for a given velocity of submaximal running, and is determined by measuring the steady-state consumption of oxygen (VO₂) and the respiratory exchange ratio.
^ Crowther, Greg (2001). "Tips on maximizing your running economy". Greg Crowther professional website. Retrieved 2014-08-20. Measuring someone's running economy is equivalent to asking the question, "How far can this person run using a given amount of energy?" Energy use is usually reported in terms of oxygen consumption; the farther the person can run per unit of oxygen consumed -- or, stated another way, the less oxygen he/she consumes in running a given distance -- the more economical he/she is.
^ Noakes, Tim (3 Dec 2002). "Oxygen transport and running economy". In Barnard, Martin; Rhoda, Julie; Zych, Carla (eds.). Lore of Running (4 ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. pp. 46–63. ISBN 978-0873229593. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)

[DRF_Daniels-1] Daniels, Jack (31 Dec 2013). "Aerobic and training profiles". In Hanlon, Tom; Marty, Claire; Wolpert, Tyler (eds.). Daniels' Running Formula (3 ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. pp. 33–38. ISBN 978-1450431835. The measure of energy expended while running aerobically at some submax speeds is a measure of running economy. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)

[FAR_Saunders-2] Saunders, Philo; Pyne, David; Telford, Richard; Hawley, John (2004). "Factor affecting running economy in trained distance runners" (PDF). Sports Medicine. 34 (7): 465–485. PMID 15233599. Retrieved 2014-08-18. Running economy (RE) is typically defined as the energy demand for a given velocity of submaximal running, and is determined by measuring the steady-state consumption of oxygen (VO₂) and the respiratory exchange ratio.

[TOM_Crowther-3] Crowther, Greg (2001). "Tips on maximizing your running economy". Greg Crowther professional website. Retrieved 2014-08-20. Measuring someone's running economy is equivalent to asking the question, "How far can this person run using a given amount of energy?" Energy use is usually reported in terms of oxygen consumption; the farther the person can run per unit of oxygen consumed -- or, stated another way, the less oxygen he/she consumes in running a given distance -- the more economical he/she is.

[LOR_Noakes-4] Noakes, Tim (3 Dec 2002). "Oxygen transport and running economy". In Barnard, Martin; Rhoda, Julie; Zych, Carla (eds.). Lore of Running (4 ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. pp. 46–63. ISBN 978-0873229593. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)

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