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Map of Price's Raid
Map of Price's Raid

The Second Battle of Independence was fought on October 22, 1864, near Independence, Missouri, as part of Price's Missouri Expedition (map pictured) during the American Civil War. In late 1864, Major General Sterling Price led a Confederate force of cavalry into Missouri. Price was opposed by Union Army and state militia forces to his west led by Major General Samuel Ryan Curtis; Union cavalry under Major General Alfred Pleasonton caught up to the Confederates from the east as Price moved west along the Missouri River. On October 21, the Confederates occupied Independence. The next day, while part of Price's command broke through Curtis's line at the Big Blue River, Pleasonton attacked the Confederates at Independence, pushing them back through town, and after fresh troops arrived, towards the Big Blue River. By the end of the day, almost all of Price's men were west of the river. On October 23, the Confederates were defeated in the Battle of Westport, and Price's campaign ended in failure. (Full article...)

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Daniel Noboa in March 2022
Daniel Noboa

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October 22:

Bankers during the Panic of 1907
Bankers during the Panic of 1907
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Heliconius charithonia

Heliconius charithonia, commonly known as the zebra longwing or zebra heliconian, is a species of butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It is distributed across South and Central America and the U.S. states of Texas and Florida, with some migrations further north in the warmer months. Adult butterflies are monomorphic of medium size with long wings. On the dorsal side, the wings are black with narrow white and yellow stripes, with a similar pattern on the ventral side, but paler and with red spots. The wingspan ranges from 72 to 100 mm (2.8 to 3.9 in). The caterpillars are white with black spots and have numerous black spikes along their body. Adults roost in groups of up to 60 individuals on a nightly basis, returning to the same roost every night. These roosts provide protection to adults, the large groups deterring predators and retaining warmth. This H. charithonia butterfly was photographed in Hendry County, Florida.

Photograph credit: Nosferattus

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