List of shipwrecks in October 1888
The list of shipwrecks in October 1888 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during October 1888.
| October 1888 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu | Fri | Sat | Sun |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
| 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 |
| 29 | 30 | 31 | Unknown date | |||
| References | ||||||
1 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| St. Clair |  United States
|
The barge foundered in a gale in the Lake Huron off Sand Beach Harbor, Michigan with the loss of her Captain and 5 crew.[1] |
2 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Silas Fish | Flag unknown | The ship foundered in the Atlantic Ocean off the Turks Islands with the loss of thirteen of the fifteen people on board. She was on a voyage from Vara to New York, United States.[2] |
3 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Ohio | United States
|
The barque was driven ashore and wrecked in a gale and snowstorm at Point Hope (68°20′20″N 166°50′40″W / 68.33889°N 166.84444°W) on the Chukchi Sea coast of the District of Alaska, with the loss of 25 of her 33 crew members. The eight survivors were rescued eight months later.[3] |
4 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Gefion |  Denmark
|
The schooner was abandoned in the North Sea. Her crew were rescued by the fishing lugger Scud ( United Kingdom). Gefion was on a voyage from Northfleet, Kent to Leith, Lothian, United Kingdom.[4]
|
| Kildare | United Kingdom
|
The steamship foundered in the South China Sea (14°39′N 109°58′E / 14.650°N 109.967°E) with the loss of four of her crew. She was on a voyage from Pasoeroewan, Netherlands East Indies to Hong Kong.[5][6] |
| Sutherfield | United Kingdom
|
The barque was destroyed by fire in the Pacific Ocean (46°30′S 84°00′W / 46.500°S 84.000°W). Her crew took to the boats; they were rescued the next day by the barque Adventurer ( United Kingdom). Sutherfield was on a voyage from Pisagua, Chile to a British port.[7]
|
5 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Brampton | United Kingdom
|
The steamship ran aground on rocks in the Rabbit Islands, Ottoman Empire.[4] |
| Emily |  Norway
|
The barque collided with the barque Svea ( Russia) at Bordeaux, Gironde, France and was severely damaged.[8]
|
| Madeleine |  France United Kingdom
|
The fishing boat was run into by the steamship Queen ( United Kingdom) and sank in the Grand Banks of Newfoundland with the loss of 20 of her 24 crew.[9]
|
| Nor | Norway
|
The barque was abandoned in the North Sea. Her crew were rescued by the steamship Grenville ( United Kingdom). Nor was on a voyage from Cronstadt, Russia to Montrose, Forfarshire, United Kingdom.[10]
|
6 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Gracie | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was run into by the steamship Ferndale ( United Kingdom) at Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland and was severely damaged.[4]
|
| Matthew M. Murray | United States
|
The schooner was wrecked at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, Canada.[11] |
7 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Kars |  Germany
|
The steamship sank in the North Sea 63 nautical miles (117 km) north of the mouth of the Weser. Her crew survived. She was on a voyage from Saint Petersburg, Russia to Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands.[10] |
10 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Harold | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was driven ashore at the mouth of the River Weaver. She was on a voyage from Garston, Lancashire to the Weston Point Docks, Cheshire.[12] |
13 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Annie | United Kingdom
|
The ketch was abandoned at sea. Her three crew were rescued by the steamship Alsatian ( United Kingdom).[13]
|
| Carl | United Kingdom
|
The Thames barge collided with London Bridge and sank in the River Thames.[13] |
| Gertie | United Kingdom
|
The Thames barge was holed by the propeller of the steamship Hawk ( United Kingdom) and sank in the River Thames at Wapping, Middlesex.[13]
|
16 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Clara | Norway
|
The barque was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean. Her crew were rescued by the barque Charlotte and Anna ( Germany). Clara was on a voyage from Fowey, Cornwall, United Kingdom to New York, United States.[14]
|
17 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| C. A. | United Kingdom
|
The ship collided with the steamship Pallion ( United Kingdom) off the Isles of Scilly. She was on a voyage from Muros, Spain to Cardiff, Glamorgan. She completed her voyage waterlogged at the bow.[15]
|
| Denmark | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was driven ashore near Dagenham, Essex. She was on a voyage from New York to London. She was refloated the next day and completed her voyage.[15] |
| Secret | Guernsey
|
The ketch was lost at Jersey, Channel Islands. Her crew were rescued.[15] |
18 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rachael Harrison | United Kingdom
|
The ship was driven ashore at Cranfield Point, County Down. She was on a voyage from Newport, Monmouthshire tp Newry, County Antrim. She was refloated and taken in to Warrenpoint, County Antrim in a severely leaky condition.[15] |
19 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Ernest | United Kingdom
|
The steamship ran aground on the West Rocks, in the North Sea off the coast of Essex. She was on a voyage from Skutskär, Sweden to Calais, France. She was refloated the next day with assistance from the tugs Harwich and Robert Owen (both United Kingdom) and resumed her voyage.[16]
|
| Hooker | United Kingdom
|
The ship was driven ashore at Murvey, County Galway with the loss of two lives. She was on a voyage from Rounstone, County Galway to Galway.[14] |
| Merlin | United Kingdom
|
The steam fishing boat was driven ashore at "Donought", Aberdeenshire.[17] |
| Neptune | United Kingdom
|
The steamship collided with another steamship and foundered at sea. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Stettin, Germany to Glasgow, Renfrewshire.[16] |
20 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Bay of Cadiz | United Kingdom
|
The ship departed from Newcastle, New South Wales for San Francisco, California. No further trace, reported overdue.[18] |
| Fair City | United Kingdom
|
The ship was abandoned off Land's End, Cornwall. She was on a voyage from Newport, Monmouthshire to Plymouth, Devon.[14] |
| Reed Case | United States
|
The schooner was wrecked in Lake Superior with the loss of her Captain.[19] |
| 1,631 | France
|
The fishing boat was driven ashore at Hastings, Sussex, United Kingdom. The sole crew member aboard was rescued.[16] |
21 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Presto | United Kingdom
|
The steamship collided with the steamship Cameo ( United Kingdom) in the River Thames at Gravesend, Kent and was beached.[16]
|
23 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Farnley Hall | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was run into by the steamship Medway ( United Kingdom) at Newport, Monmouthshire and sank.[14]
|
| Lady Bertha | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was driven ashore at "Sandakrog", Iceland. Salvage was declared impossible.[20] |
24 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Despatch | United Kingdom
|
The steamship collided with the steamship Gertrude ( United Kingdom) and sank in the North Sea off the coast of Norfolk. Her crew were rescued by the steamship Fenton ( United Kingdom).[21]
|
| Luna | United Kingdom
|
The ship departed from Newport, Monmouthshire for Barnstaple, Devon. No further trace, reported overdue.[22] |
| Unnamed | Flag unknown | The steamship ran aground on the Goodwin Sands, Kent, United Kingdom.[21] |
25 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Dina |  Netherlands
|
The brig was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean (41°30′N 24°20′W / 41.500°N 24.333°W). Her crew were rescued by the schooner Rippling Wave ( United Kingdom). Dina was on a voyage from Tobago to Falmouth, Cornwall, United Kingdom.[23]
|
| Emma | United Kingdom
|
The schooner was run into by the barque E. W. Trickett ( United States) and was abandoned in the English Channel 6 nautical miles (11 km) off the Royal Sovereign Lightship (.svg){kind=small} Trinity House). All five people on board were rescued by E. W. Trickett. Emma was on a voyage from Portland, Dorset to London. She was towed in to Dover, Kent on 27 October.[24]
|
| Makah | United States
|
The whaler, a barque, was wrecked in a hurricane in Tillamook Bay with the loss of all 35 crew.[25] |
26 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Caldwell | United States
|
The schooner foundered off Old Providence, Colombia with the loss of nineteen of the 28 people on board. Survivors took to a boat; they were rescued on 28 October by the steamship Gussie ( United Kingdom).[2]
|
| Dublin | United Kingdom
|
The steamship collided with the steamship Longford ( United Kingdom) and sank off Great Orme Head, Caernarfonshire. Her crew were rescued by Longford.[26]
|
| Swallow | United Kingdom
|
The schooner was driven ashore at Holyhead, Anglesey.[26] She was later refloated.[27] |
27 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Emiliano |  Spain
|
The steamship ran aground at Savannah, Georgia, United States. She was refloated but ran aground on the Tybee Knoll.[28] |
| Sleipner | Norway
|
The schooner was driven ashore and wrecked at "Stamoe", near Hamina, Grand Duchy of Finland. She was on a voyage from Cronstadt, Russia to Macduff, Aberdeenshire, United Kingdom.[29] |
28 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Falshaw | United Kingdom
|
The steamship ran aground on the Blyth Sand, in the Thames Estuary. She was on a voyage from Cronstadt, Russia to London.[28] |
| Unnamed | Flag unknown | The fishing smack was run down and sunk in the North Sea 86 nautical miles (159 km) off the Elbe Lighthship ( Germany) by the steamship Prins Wilhelm ( Germany). All hands were lost.[23]
|
29 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Girdleness | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was severely damaged by fire at Burntisland, Fife.[30] |
31 October[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Arthur | Netherlands
|
The ship departed from Doboy, Georgia, United States for Amsterdam, North Holland. No further trace, reported overdue.[31] |
| A. W. Lawrence | United States
|
During a pre-dawn race with the tug Merrill ( United States) in the harbor at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the tug disintegrated when her boiler exploded, killing four of her six-man crew. The accident was blamed on her engineer suddenly turning on the water feed to her boiler while she was carrying a full head of steam. Her remains lie on the harbor bottom at 43°01.532′N 087°51.339′W / 43.025533°N 87.855650°W.[32]
|
| Tony Krogmann | United Kingdom
|
The ship departed from Aruba, Curaçao and Dependencies for Gloucester. No further trace, reported missing.[18] |
Unknown date[edit]
| Ship | State | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Adela |  Argentina
|
The steam lighter collided with the steam lighter Banco ( United Kingdom) at San Pedro and was severely damaged.[14]
|
| Admiral | Russia
|
The steamship was driven ashore on Hogland.[27] |
| Advance | Norway
|
The schooner ran aground on the Scroby Sands, Norfolk, United Kingdom. She was on a voyage from Laurvig to Bordeaux, Gironde, France. She was refloated with the assistance of a tug and assisted in to Great Yarmouth, Norfolk.[21] |
| Algonquin | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was driven ashore in the DeTour Passage.[30] |
| Amazonaz | United Kingdom
|
The steamship ran aground at "Raaso", Grand Duchy of Finland. She was later refloated and taken in to Oskarshamn, Sweden for repairs.[17][30] |
| Anna Bertha, and Josephine |
Germany Russia
|
The barque Anna Berth and the schooner Josephine collided and were both severely damaged. Josephine was on a voyage from Cherbourg, Manche, France to Hanko, Grand Duchy of Finland. Both vessels were take in to Helsingør, Denmark.[10] |
| Anna Sophie | Denmark
|
The schooner ran aground on the Middelgrunden, in the Baltic Sea. She was on a voyage from Saint Petersburg, Russia to Landskrona, Sweden. She was refloated and resumed her voyage, but then collided with the schooner Solnar ( Norway), also aground on the Middelgrunden.[15]
|
| Apotheker Diesling | Germany
|
The barque was wrecked at Salina, Brazil. Her crew were rescued.[33] |
| Arctic |  Sweden
|
The barque was driven ashore at Helsingborg. She was on a voyage from Luleå to Hull, Yorkshire, United Kingdom. She was refloated and taken in to Höganäs.[10] |
| Baltic | Sweden
|
The brig foundered in the North Sea. Her crew were rescued by the brig Treve (Flag unknown). Baltic was on a voyage from Bo'ness, Lothian, United Kingdom to a Danish port.[34] |
| Bee | United Kingdom
|
The steamship sank at Carlingford, County Louth. She was on a voyage from Runcorn, Cheshire to Newry, County Antrim.[17] |
| Berndina | Netherlands
|
The schooner was abandoned at sea. She was subsequently taken in to Copenhagen, Denmark.[30] |
| Bertha Hela | Germany
|
The schooner was driven ashore and sank at Dantsic .[14] |
| Betty | Russia
|
The full-rigged ship was driven ashore at "Penisari". She was refloated and taken in to Karlskrona, Sweden.[4] |
| Bjornen | Norway
|
The schooner collided with a British steamship off Trekroner, Zeeland, Denmark and was severely damaged. She put in to Copenhagen on 10 October.[12] |
| Brazilian | Flag unknown | The barque was driven ashore at Sandviken, Öland, Sweden.[4] |
| Brilliant | Norway
|
The barque ran aground on the Middelgrunden. She was on a voyage from Härnösand, Sweden to Marseille, Bouches-du-Rhône, France.[15] |
| Catherine | United Kingdom
|
The brig was abandoned in the North Sea off Winterton-on-Sea, Norfolk. Her crew were rescued by the Winterton Lifeboat.[8] |
| Cathinka | Denmark
|
The schooner was run down and sunk by the barque Hero ( Norway). Her crew were rescued.[15]
|
| Ciscar | Spain
|
The steamship ran aground off Bradwell-on-Sea, Essex, United Kingdom.[35] |
| City of Montreal | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was driven ashore and wrecked at Michipicoten, Ontario, Canada.[14] |
| Commodore | United Kingdom
|
The ship was driven ashore at Mörbylånga, Öland. She was refloated in early November and taken in to Oskarshamn.[26][29] |
| Draco | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was driven ashore at "Krage", Denmark. She was on a voyage from South Shields, County Durham to Riga, Russia.[28] She was refloated with the assistance of a steamship and taken in to Fredrikshavn, Denmark.[27] |
| Ealings | United Kingdom
|
The steamship ran aground at North Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada. She was on a voyage from New Orleans, Louisiana, United States to Rouen, Seine-Inférieure, France.[12] |
| Emelie Marie | France
|
The barque was towed in to Sundsvall, Sweden in a waterlogged condition.[15] |
| Emu | United Kingdom
|
The tug was driven ashore and wrecked at Whitby, Yorkshire. Her crew were rescued by rocket apparatus.[13] |
| Eos | Russia
|
The steamship was driven ashore at Allinge, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Reval to Aarhus, Denmark.[28] She was refloated with the assistance of a steamship and taken in to Copenhagen.[27] |
| E. S. Jobson | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was driven ashore on Anholt, Denmark.[28] She was refloated.[27] |
| Esperance | Sweden
|
The barque ran aground on the Middelgrunden. She was on a voyage from Sundsvall to Havre de Grâce, Seine-Inférieure. She was refloated with assistance and resumed her voyage.[17] |
| Frogmore | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was driven ashore at Hasle, Bornholm, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Kiel, Germany to Riga.[28] She was refloated in mid-November and assisted in to Copenhagen for repairs.[36] |
| Gaboon | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was driven ashore near Southport, North Carolina. She was later refloated and taken in to Wilmington, North Carolina.[10][33] |
| Gipsy Queen | United Kingdom
|
The steamship ran aground in the Elbe.[10] |
| Graphic | United Kingdom
|
The steamship ran aground in the Danube 35 nautical miles (65 km) from its mouth.[33] |
| Iris | Norway
|
The barque ran aground on the Middelgrunden. She was on a voyage from Söderhamn, Sweden to Calais, France.[16] |
| Isaac | Russia
|
The schooner was driven ashore on the south coast of Amack, Denmark.[15] She was refloated.[16] |
| James Turpie | United Kingdom
|
The steamship collided with the steamship Kami ( Greece) off Malta and was severely damaged. She was beached.[33]
|
| King Tofa | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was holed by her anchor and sank near Lagos.[30] |
| Krona | Sweden
|
The barque was driven ashore at Näsby, Öland.[12] |
| Laforte | France
|
The schooner collided with the steamship Whickham ( United Kingdom) and sank 9 nautical miles (17 km) east of Europa Point, Gibraltar with the loss of her captain.[4]
|
| Liona | United Kingdom
|
The steamship ran aground in the River Ouse. She was then run into by the steamship Stadt Nieupoort ( Belgium) and was severely damaged. Liona was on a voyage from Ghent, East Flanders, Belgium to Goole, Yorkshire.[33]
|
| Lippe | Belgium
|
The steamship ran aground in the Loire. She was on a voyage from Nantes, Loire-Inférieure, France to Antwerp.[28] |
| Lisette | Sweden
|
The brig was driven ashore. She was on a voyage from Vestervig, Denmark to Moulmein, Burma. She was refloated and taken in to Varberg in a leaky condition.[27] |
| Marsala | Germany
|
The steamship ran aground at Hamburg. She was on a voyage from New York to Hamburg.[28] |
| Mary K. Campbell | United Kingdom
|
The barque was driven ashore at Matane, Quebec, Canada. She was on a voyage from New York, United States to Montreal, Quebec.[10] |
| Merton | United Kingdom
|
The Thames barge collided with the steamship Rosella ( United Kingdom) and sank in the Thames Estuary off Broadness Point.[16]
|
| Metz | Germany
|
The steamship ran aground on the Normand Sand, in the Baltic Sea.[26] |
| M. M. Drake | United States
|
The steamship was driven ashore and wrecked in the Mackenzie Strait.[14] |
| Nelson | United Kingdom
|
The steamship caught fire. The fire was extinguished and she put back to Sulina, Romania.[16] She was subsequently taken in to Galaţi, Romania for repairs.[14] |
| New Design | United Kingdom
|
The schooner was driven ashore at Bridgwater, Somerset.[15] |
| Niagara | United Kingdom
|
The steamship ran aground at Hull. She was on a voyage from Bombay, India to Hull. She was refloated on 23 October and taken in to Hull.[14] |
| Nicholaas | Netherlands
|
The full-rigged ship was driven ashore on "Rigchel", off Vlieland, Friesland. She was on a voyage from Harlingen, Friesland to Härnösand.[10] |
| Niels | Denmark
|
The kuff collided with the barque Sarah B. Cann ( United Kingdom) and was severely damaged. Niels was on a voyage from Dantsic to Thisted. She was towed in to Helsingør in a waterlogged condition.[15]
|
| 'Niobe |  Austria-Hungary
|
The steamship was driven ashore 10 nautical miles (19 km) north of Constanţa, Romania.[13] |
| Osmaury | France
|
The brig foundered in the North Sea off Terschelling, Friesland, Netherlands. Her crew were rescued by the barque India ( Norway). Osmaury was on a voyage from Rouen to Malmö, Sweden.[8]
|
| Oxon | United Kingdom
|
The steamship ran aground at Dragør, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Skellefteå, Sweden to Hull.[14] She was later refloated with assistance and taken in to Copenhagen.[27] |
| Patria | Norway
|
The brig ran aground on the Lillegrund, in the Baltic Sea. She was refloated with assistance and taken in to Copenhagen.[17][16] |
| Privateer |  Canada
|
The barque ran aground on the Middelgrunden. She was on a voyage from Stettin, Germany to New York.[13] She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[17] |
| Rachel Lotinga | United Kingdom
|
The lighter sank in the River Tyne.[13] |
| Rhodora | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was driven ashore at Alberoni, Italy.[14] |
| Robert | Norway
|
The barque ran aground and was damaged at Stoksund. She was on a voyage from Archangelsk, Russia to Hull. She was refloated and towed in to Drontheim.[37] |
| Robert | Denmark
|
The brigantine was driven ashore at "Serro", Russia before 24 October. She was refloated with assistance from the steamship Hero ( Russia).[28]
|
| Sirius | Flag unknown | The ship ran aground near Onega, Russia. She was refloated and put in to the Pushbacka River. Repair was declared impossible.[4] |
| Sir Robert Sale | United Kingdom
|
The ship was wrecked near Oran, Algeria. Her crew were rescued.[4] |
| Smit | Netherlands
|
The steamship ran aground at Stevns, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Liepāja, Russia to London, United Kingdom.[28] She was refloated with the assistance of a steamship and taken in to Copenhagen.[27] |
| Solnar | Norway
|
The schooner ran aground on the Middelgrunden. She was then run into by the schooner Anna Sophie ( Denmark). Solnar was on a voyage from Kemi, Grand Duchy of Finland to Grangemouth, Stirlingshire, United Kingdom. She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[15]
|
| Sowerby | United Kingdom
|
The steamship ran aground at Saltholmen, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Hartlepool, County Durham to Pillau, Germany. She was refloated with assistance and taken in to Copenhagen.[10] |
| Speranza | Norway
|
The brig was abandoned in the North Sea. Her crew were rescued by the smack Great Carlton ( United Kingdom). Speranza was on a voyage from Goole to Christiania.[12]
|
| Stanhope | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was driven ashore at Allinge, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Härnösand to Lisbon, Portugal.[28] She was refloated with the assistance of a steamship and taken in to Copenhagen.[27] |
| Star of Hope | United Kingdom
|
The smack was driven ashore 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) north of Winterton-on-Sea. Her crew were rescued.[13] |
| Talavera | United Kingdom
|
The steamship was wrecked at Cape Finisterre, Spain.[14] |
| Thyra | Sweden
|
The schooner ran aground on the Steilsand, in the North Sea off the coast of Germany. She was on a voyage from Greenock, Renfrewshire, United Kingdom to Dantsic.[13] |
| Venus | Germany
|
The brig was abandoned at sea. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Barranquilla, Colombia to Falmouth, Cornwall, United Kingdom.[28] |
| Victoria | Spain
|
The steamship ran aground on the Salmedina Reef, off Chipiona.[13] |
| Victoria | Norway
|
The barque was driven ashore on Baker's Island. She was refloated and taken in to Sydney, New South Wales.[15] |
| Vixen | Norway
|
The brig was driven ashore at Strömstad, Sweden. She was on a voyage from Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland, United Kingdom to Christiania.[28] |
| Voltaic | United Kingdom
|
The ship sank at Liverpool, Lancashire.[10] |
| Four unnamed vessels | United Kingdom
|
The ships were driven ashore on Anholt.[28] |
References[edit]
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- ^ a b "Fatal Collision In The Channel". The Times. No. 32535. London. 5 November 1888. col B, p. 6.
- ^ alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (O)
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32511. London. 8 October 1888. col F, p. 7.
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- ^ "Disaster At Sea". The Times. No. 32514. London. 11 October 1888. col D, p. 10.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32513. London. 10 October 1888. col E, p. 7.
- ^ "1888". Out of Gloucester. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
- ^ a b c d e "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32515. London. 12 October 1888. col F, p. 10.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32526. London. 25 October 1888. col F, p. 4.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32523. London. 22 October 1888. col F, p. 10.
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- ^ a b "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32670. London. 11 April 1889. col B, p. 11.
- ^ "Annual Report of the Operations of the United States Life-Saving Service for 1888". U.S. Government printing office via Googlebooks. 4 February 1891. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
- ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32538. London. 8 November 1888. col C, p. 13.
- ^ a b c "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32527. London. 26 October 1888. col F, p. 4.
- ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32574. London. 20 December 1888. col C, p. 7.
- ^ a b "Disasters At Sea". The Times. No. 32532. London. 1 November 1888. col B, p. 10.
- ^ Renno, David (2004). Beachy Head Shipwrecks of the 19th Century. Sevenoaks: Amherst Publishing. pp. 382–83. ISBN 1-903637-20-1.
- ^ "Disasters At Sea". The Times. No. 32538. London. 8 November 1888. col F, p. 11.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32530. London. 30 October 1888. col E, p. 10.
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- ^ Wisconsin Shipwrecks: A.W. LAWRENCE (1881) Accessed 3 July 2021
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- ^ Benham, Hervey (1980). The Salvagers. Colchester: Essex County Newspapers Ltd. p. 198. ISBN 00-950944-2-3.
- ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32541. London. 12 November 1888. col F, p. 7.
- ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32508. London. 4 October 1888. col B, p. 11.