Wikipedia:Main Page history/2013 November 25

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The history of the National Hockey League from 1942 to 1967 covers the period from the demise of the Brooklyn Americans, which reduced the NHL to six teams, to the league doubling in size with six new expansion teams. Maurice Richard (pictured) became the first player to score 50 goals in a season in 1944–45. In 1955, he was suspended for assaulting a linesman, leading to the Richard Riot. Gordie Howe made his debut in 1946, retiring 32 years later as the NHL's all-time leader in goals and points. Willie O'Ree broke the NHL's colour barrier in 1958. The Stanley Cup became the official championship in 1947; during this period, the Toronto Maple Leafs won the cup nine times and the Montreal Canadiens ten times, including five consecutive titles. Changes occurred on and off the ice. The NHL introduced the centre-ice red line in 1943, allowing players to pass out of their defensive zone for the first time. In 1959, Jacques Plante became the first goaltender to regularly use a mask for protection. The first amateur draft was held in 1963 as part of efforts to balance talent distribution within the league, and the National Hockey League Players' Association was formed in 1967. (Full article...)

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... that the Etchmiadzin Cathedral (pictured) is considered the oldest cathedral in the world?
... that Emil Fuchs painted portraits of Queen Victoria and King Edward VII, and his portraits became fashionable among London high society in the early 20th century?
... that Hong Kong's Ice House Street was named after the city's only source of ice until 1874?
... that the grandfather of Ali Pasha was a sanjakbey of the Sanjak of Avlona and a member of the Muzaka family?
... that 2012 Paralympic men's 1 km time trial C4–5 gold medalist Alfonso Cabello's mother insisted he learned how to tie his shoelaces using only one hand?
... that the 1948 film Miraculous Journey, about seven airline passengers stranded in a jungle, was directed by Sam Newfield under a pseudonym?
... that the Brazos River habitat of the Sharpnose Shiner is being changed by inflow from lake reservoirs, including that of the Possum Kingdom?

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Iran agrees to a short-term freeze of its nuclear program in exchange for a reduction in sanctions.
Magnus Carlsen (pictured) defeats Viswanathan Anand to win the World Chess Championship.
A roof collapse at a grocery store in Riga, Latvia, kills more than 50 people.
British biochemist and two-time Nobel Prize winner Frederick Sanger dies at the age of 95.
A double suicide bombing at the Iranian embassy in Beirut kills 23 people.
NASA launches the MAVEN probe to Mars.
Fifty people are killed when a Tatarstan Airlines Boeing 737 crashes in Kazan, Russia.

Recent deaths: Maurice Vachon

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November 25: Teachers' Day in Indonesia; Evacuation Day in New York (1783)

1795 – Stanisław August Poniatowski, the last King of Poland, was forced to abdicate after the Third Partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1917 – World War I: German troops invaded Portuguese East Africa in an attempt to escape superior British forces to the north and resupply from captured Portuguese materiel.
1940 – The de Havilland Mosquito (examples pictured) and the Martin B-26 Marauder, two of the most successful military aircraft in World War II, both had their first flights.
1947 – McCarthyism: Executives from movie studios agreed to blacklist ten screenwriters and directors who were jailed for refusing to give testimony to the House Un-American Activities Committee.
1970 – Failing to instigate a military coup to restore the powers of the Emperor of Japan, author Yukio Mishima publicly committed the ritual suicide seppuku.

More anniversaries: November 24 – November 25 – November 26

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There are five orders of knighthood awarded in recognition of service to the Italian Republic. The former Royal House of Savoy also continue to award knighthoods in three orders of chivalry previously recognised by the Kingdom of Italy. The degrees of knighthood, not all of which apply to all orders, are Knight, Officer, Commander, Grand Officer, Knight Grand Cross and Knight Grand Cross with cordon. Italian citizens may not use in the territory of the Republic honours or distinctions conferred on them by non-national orders or foreign states, unless authorised by decree of the President of the Council of Ministers. The use of awards of the Holy See, including the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre, is subject to permission, while the use of those of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta is unregulated. The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic effectively replaced as national orders the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation, the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus and the Order of the Crown of Italy. (Full list...)

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St. Paul's Church is a Swiss Reformed Church in Basel, Switzerland, that was constructed between 1898 and 1901 by Karl Moser and Robert Curjel.

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