2011 in paleontology
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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2011.
2011 in science |
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Fields |
Technology |
Social sciences |
Paleontology |
Extraterrestrial environment |
Terrestrial environment |
Other/related |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
Protozoa
[edit]New taxa
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
A Plasmodiidae vectored by the bat fly Enischnomyia stegosoma |
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Plants
[edit]Ferns and fern allies
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov |
Su et al |
A Drynaria species fern |
|||||||
sp. nov |
Valid |
Channing, Zamuner, Edwards, & Guido |
oldest crown group Equisetum species |
Gymnosperms
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
comb nov |
(Kim et al.) Oh et al. |
An Araucariaceous wood |
|||||||
comb nov |
(Ogura) Oh et al. |
Cretaceous |
An Araucariaceous wood |
||||||
Sp nov |
Oh et al. |
Cretaceous |
An Araucariaceous wood |
||||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Kunzmann et al. |
Aptian |
A possible gnetophyte |
|||||
Sp nov |
Shi et al. |
A cuprecaceous foliage/cone species |
|||||||
Gen et comb nov |
Rothwell et al. |
A cuprecaceous cone morphotaxon |
|||||||
Syn nov |
Valid |
Miller |
A permineralized pine |
||||||
Sp nov |
Vozenin-Serra |
A cupressaceous wood |
|||||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
Krassilov & Schrank |
Albian |
A gymnosperm pollen morphotype |
|||||
Sp nov |
Zhang et al. |
A pinaceous relative |
Gymnosperm research
[edit]- An amplified whole plant reconstruction of the Ypresian Princeton chert pine Pinus arnoldii, expanding the diagnosis to include P. similkameenensis (Miller, 1973) foliage and wood plus unnamed pollens cones found in attachment to the P. arnoldii ovulate cones is published by Klymiuk, Stockey, & Rothwell.[9]
Angiosperms
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov |
Srivastava, Srivastava, & Mehrotra |
A fig leaf morphospecies |
|||||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
Sun, Dilcher, Wang, & Chen |
Early Cretaceous |
A basal eudicot |
|||||
Species |
Valid |
Benedict, DeVore, & Pigg |
An Osoberry flower |
||||||
Species |
Valid |
Dutta, Ambwani, & Estrada-Ruiz |
Maastrichtian |
A palm wood morphospecies |
|||||
Species |
Valid |
Benedict, DeVore, & Pigg |
A cherry flower species |
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Nematoda
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
valid |
Poinar |
A diplogasterid nematode |
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Lobopods
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Valid |
Liu et al. |
Lower Cambrian |
A lobopodian. |
|||||
Valid |
Gamez Vintaned, Linan, & Zhuravlev |
Early Cambrian |
A lobopodian. |
|||||
Valid |
Dzik |
Early Cambrian |
A lobopodian. |
Vetulicolians
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gen. nov |
valid |
Zinther, et al. |
earliest known vetulicolian described |
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Molluscs
[edit]Arthropods
[edit]Fishes
[edit]Amphibians
[edit]Newly named lepospondyls
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Viséan |
A microsaur. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
An ostodolepid. |
Newly named temnospondyls
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Species |
Valid |
|
Early Permian |
A trematopid. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
early-middle Anisian |
|||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Early Permian |
A trematopid. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Early Permian |
An amphibamid. |
![]() |
Newly named lissamphibians
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Bathonian |
A basal stem salamander. |
Basal reptiles
[edit]Newly named captorhinids
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
Newly named basal diapsids
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Sakmarian |
The oldest and most basal neodiapsid. |
Newly named ichthyosaurs
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Barremian |
An ophthalmosaurid. |
Lepidosauromorphs
[edit]Newly named saurosphargids
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Middle Anisian |
An incertae sedis. |
Newly named sauropterygians
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Late Hauterivian |
An aristonectid. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Middle Anisian |
A relative of nothosauroids.[34] | ||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Middle Anisian |
A keichousaurid pachypleurosaur. | ||||
Species |
Valid |
|
Early Toarcian |
A second species of Hauffiosaurus. | ||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Callovian |
A pliosaurid. | ||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Pliensbachian |
A plesiosaurid plesiosaur. | ||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Maastrichtian |
An elasmosaurid plesiosaur. |
Newly named lizards
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Turonian/Santonian |
An iguanian lizard. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Lutetian |
An amphisbaenian lizard. | ||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Campanian |
A plioplatecarpine mosasaur. Its type species is Latoplatecarpus willistoni; "Plioplatecarpus" nichollsae (Cuthbertson et al.., 2007) is a second species of Latoplatecarpus. | ||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
|
Eocene (Chadronian) |
A member of Corytophanidae. The type species is Oreithyia oaklandi. | ||||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Middle Coniacian to middle Santonian. |
A plioplatecarpine mosasaur, a new genus for "Clidastes" planifrons (Cope, 1874). | ||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
|
Eocene (Chadronian) |
A relative of the desert iguana. The type species is Queironius praelapsus. | ||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
|
Eocene (Chadronian) |
A member of Polychrotidae; a new genus for "Polychrus" charisticus Smith (2006). |
Newly named snakes
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Species |
Valid |
|
Late Cretaceous |
A madtsoiid snake. |
Turtles
[edit]Newly named turtles
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Early Oligocene |
A podocnemidid. |
||||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Early Miocene |
A podocnemidid, a new genus for "Shweboemys" gaffneyi. |
||||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Late Eocene |
Qasr el-Sagha beds |
A podocnemidid, a new genus for "Podocnemis" antiqua. |
|||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Maastrichtian |
A softshell turtle, new genus for "Aspideretes" lancensis (Gilmore, 1928). |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
|
Late Pleistocene |
|||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Oxfordian |
A paracryptodire or a basal testudine. |
||||
Species |
Valid |
|
Maastrichtian |
A kinosternoid, a species of Hoplochelys. |
||||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Paleocene |
A podocnemidid, a new genus for "Roxochelys" vilavilensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Uncertain, possibly Miocene. |
Uncertain, possibly Moghara Formation. |
A podocnemidid. |
|||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Early Miocene |
A podocnemidid. |
||||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Miocene |
A podocnemidid, a new genus for "Sternothaerus" blanckenhorni. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov. |
Valid |
|
Eocene |
A trionychid, a new genus for "Trionyx" uintaensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Campanian - Maastrichtian |
|||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Late Cretaceous |
A podocnemidid. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Late Cretaceous |
A podocnemidid. |
||||
Species |
Valid |
|
Aptian/Albian |
The oldest known chelid, a species of Prochelidella. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Upper Kimmeridgian |
|||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Maastrichtian |
A pleurodiran. |
||||
Species |
Valid |
|
Middle Eocene |
A species of Trionyx sensu lato. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Martin & Mallory |
Late Miocene-Pliocene |
An emydine Emydidae pond turtle. |
Archosauromorphs
[edit]Newly named basal archosauromorphs
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Late Ladinian/Early Carnian |
A member of Archosauriformes of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Originally classified as a doswelliid, but subsequently argued to be an erpetosuchid archosaur.[59] |
![]() | |||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Early Triassic |
The earliest tanystropheid. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Late Ladinian/Early Carnian |
The earliest drepanosaurid. |
||||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Middle - Late Triassic |
A tanystropheid, a new genus for "Tanystropheus" antiquus (von Huene, 1905). |
Archosaurs
[edit]Synapsids
[edit]Newly named non-mammalian synapsids
[edit]Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. |
Valid |
|
Late Permian |
|||||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Late Permian |
A dicynodont. A new genus for "Dicynodon" woodwardi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Early Jurassic |
|||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Middle Triassic |
A carnivorous cynodont. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Late Gzhelian |
A sphenacodontid pelycosaur. The type species is Cryptovenator hirschbergeri. |
||||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Late Permian |
A dicynodont. A new genus for "Dicynodon" bathyrhynchus. |
||||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Grès Rouge Group |
A large caseid. A new genus for "Casea" rutena. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Late Permian |
A therocephalian. |
||||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Late Permian |
A dicynodont. A new genus for "Dicynodon" benjamini. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Late Permian |
A therocephalian. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Early Jurassic |
A morganucodontan. |
||||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Late Permian |
A dicynodont. A new genus for "Dicynodon" amalitzkii |
||||
Species |
Valid |
|
Middle Permian |
A therocephalian. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Late Permian |
A therocephalian with a short skull. |
![]() | |||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Upper Sakmarian - Lower Lopingian |
Grès Rouge Group |
A large caseid. The type species is Ruthenosaurus russellorum |
|||
Gen. et comb. |
Valid |
|
Late Permian |
A dicynodont. A new genus for "Dicynodon" vanhoepeni. |
||||
Gen. et sp. |
Valid |
|
Capitanian |
A basal, saber-toothed herbivorous anomodont. The type species is Tiarajudens eccentricus. |
Mammals
[edit]Footnotes
[edit]Complete author list
[edit]As science becomes more collaborative, papers with large numbers of authors are becoming more common. To prevent the deformation of the tables, these footnotes list the contributors to papers that erect new genera and have many authors.
References
[edit]- ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
- ^ Poinar, G. (2011). "Vetufebrus ovatus n. gen., n. sp. (Haemospororida: Plasmodiidae) vectored by a streblid bat fly (Diptera: Streblidae) in Dominican amber". Parasites & Vectors. 4 (229): 1–5. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-229. PMC 3253689. PMID 22152687.
- ^ Su, T.; Jacques, F.; Liu, Y.; Xiang, J.; Xing, Y.; Huang, Y.; Zhou, Z. (2011). "A new Drynaria (Polypodiaceae) from the upper Pliocene of Southwest China". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 164 ((1-2)): 132–142. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2010.11.011.
- ^ Channing, A.; Zamuner, A.; Edwards, D.; Guido, D. (2011). "Equisetum thermale sp. nov. (Equisetales) from the Jurassic San Agustin hot spring deposit, Patagonia: Anatomy, paleoecology, and inferred paleoecophysiology". American Journal of Botany. 98 (4): 680–697. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000211. hdl:11336/95234. PMID 21613167.
- ^ a b c Oh, C.; Kim, K.; Paik, I.; Lim, J. (2011). "Cretaceous conifer woods of Korea: Occurrences and palaeobiological implications". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 164 (1–2): 67–83. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2010.11.007.
- ^ Kunzmann, L.; Mohr, B.A.R.; Wilde, V.; Bernardes-de-Oliveira, M.E.C. (2011). "A putative gnetalean gymnosperm Cariria orbiculiconiformis gen. nov. et spec. nov. from the Early Cretaceous of northern Gondwana". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 165 (1–2): 75–95. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2011.02.005.
- ^ Shi, G.; Zhou, Z.; Xie, Z. (2011). "Cupressus foliage shoots and associated seed cones from the Oligocene Ningming Formation of Guangxi, South China". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 166 (3–4): 325–334. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2011.06.005.
- ^ Rothwell, G.; Stockey, R.; Mapes, G.; Hilton, J. (2011). "Structure and relationships of the Jurassic conifer seed cone Hughmillerites juddii gen. et comb. nov.: implications for the origin and evolution of Cupressaceae". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 164 (1–2): 45–59. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2010.11.004.
- ^ a b Klymiuk, A. A.; Stockey, R. A.; Rothwell, G. W. (2011). "The first organismal concept for an extinct species of Pinaceae: Pinus arnoldii Miller". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 172 (2): 294–313. doi:10.1086/657649. S2CID 84137991.
- ^ Miller Jr, C. N. (1973). "Silicified cones and vegetative remains of Pinus from Eocene of British Columbia". Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan. 24: 101–118.
- ^ Vozenin-Serra, C.; Diez, J.; Ferrer, J. (2011). "A new species of Protaxodioxylon (Cupressaceae sl) from the late Albian of the Aragonian branch of the Iberian Range (Spain) Palaeoclimatic implications". Geodiversitas. 33 (1): 11–24. doi:10.5252/g2011n1a1. S2CID 128392110.
- ^ Valentin Krassilov; Eckart Schrank (2011). "New Albian macro- and palynoflora from the Negev (Israel) with description of a new gymnosperm morphotaxon". Cretaceous Research. 32 (1): 13–29. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2010.10.001.
- ^ Zhang, J.; D'Rozario, A.; Yao, J.; Wu, Z.; Wang, L. (2011). "A new species of the extinct genus Schizolepis from the Jurassic Daohugou Flora, Inner Mongolia, China with special reference to the fossil diversity and evolutionary implications". Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition. 85 (2): 471–481. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2011.00415.x. S2CID 129785532.
- ^ Srivastava, G.; Srivastava, R.; Mehrotra, R. (2011). "Ficus palaeoracemosa sp. nov.–A new fossil leaf from the Kasauli Formation of Himachal Pradesh and its palaeoclimatic significance". Journal of Earth System Science. 120 (2): 253–262. Bibcode:2011JESS..120..253S. doi:10.1007/s12040-011-0054-9. S2CID 129960761.
- ^ Ge Sun; David L. Dilcher; Hongshan Wang; Zhiduan Chen (2011). "A eudicot from the Early Cretaceous of China". Nature. 471 (7340): 625–628. Bibcode:2011Natur.471..625S. doi:10.1038/nature09811. PMID 21455178. S2CID 205224036.
- ^ a b Benedict, JC; DeVore, ML; Pigg, KB (2011). "Prunus and Oemleria (Rosaceae) Flowers from the Late Early Eocene Republic Flora of Northeastern Washington State, U.S.A.". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 172 (7): 948–958. doi:10.1086/660880. S2CID 39391439.
- ^ Dutta, D.; Ambwani, K.; Estrada-Ruiz, E. (2011). "Late Cretaceous palm stem Palmoxylon lametaei sp. nov. from Bhisi Village, Maharashtra, India" (PDF). Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas. 28 (1): 1–9.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Poinar, G.; Heiss, E. (2011). "New Termitaphididae and Aradidae (Hemiptera) in Mexican and Dominican amber" (PDF). Palaeodiversity. 4: 51–62.
- ^ Liu, J.; Steiner, M.; Dunlop, J. A.; Keupp, H.; Shu, D.; Ou, Q.; Han, J.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, X. (2011). "An armoured Cambrian lobopodian from China with arthropod-like appendages". Nature. 470 (7335): 526–530. Bibcode:2011Natur.470..526L. doi:10.1038/nature09704. PMID 21350485. S2CID 4324509.
- ^ Vinther, J.; Smith, M. P.; Harper, D. A. T. (2011). "Vetulicolians from the Lower Cambrian Sirius Passet Lagerstätte, North Greenland, and the polarity of morphological characters in basal deuterostomes". Palaeontology. 54 (3): 711–719. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2011.01034.x. S2CID 85602402.
- ^ Clack, Jennifer A. (2011). "A new microsaur from the early Carboniferous (Viséan) of East Kirkton, Scotland, showing soft tissue evidence". Special Papers in Palaeontology. 86: 45–55.
- ^ Henrici, A.C.; Martens, T.; Berman, D.S.; Sumida, S.S. (2011). "An ostodolepid 'microsaur' (Lepospondyli) from the Lower Permian Tambach Formation of central Germany". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (5): 997–1004. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.596601. S2CID 129710688.
- ^ Polley, Brendan P.; Reisz, Robert R. (2011). "A new Lower Permian trematopid (Temnospondyli: Dissorophoidea) from Richards Spur, Oklahoma". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (4): 789–815. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00668.x. hdl:1807/18982.
- ^ Fortuny, Josep; Galobart, Àngel; De Santisteban, Carles (2011). "A new capitosaur from the Middle Triassic of Spain and the relationships within the Capitosauria" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 56 (3): 553–66. doi:10.4202/app.2010.0025. S2CID 55068128. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-22.
- ^ David S. Berman; Amy C. Henrici; Thomas Martens; Stuart S. Sumida; Jason S. Anderson (2011). "Rotaryus gothae, a New Trematopid (Temnospondyli: Dissorophoidea) from the Lower Permian of Central Germany". Annals of Carnegie Museum. 80 (1): 49–65. doi:10.2992/007.080.0106. S2CID 84780478.
- ^ Bourget, Hélène; Anderson, Jason S. (2011). "A new amphibamid (Temnospondyli: Dissorophoidea) from the Early Permian of Texas". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (1): 32–49. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.539652. S2CID 85856972.
- ^ P.P. Skutschas; S.A. Krasnolutskii (2011). "A new genus and species of basal salamanders from the Middle Jurassic of western Siberia, Russia" (PDF). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 315 (2): 167–175.
- ^ Robert R. Reisz; Jun Liu; Jin-Ling Li; Johannes Müller (2011). "A new captorhinid reptile, Gansurhinus qingtoushanensis, gen. et sp. nov., from the Permian of China". Naturwissenschaften. 98 (5): 435–441. Bibcode:2011NW.....98..435R. doi:10.1007/s00114-011-0793-0. PMID 21484260. S2CID 20274349.
- ^ Robert R. Reisz; Sean P. Modesto; Diane M. Scott (2011). "A new Early Permian reptile and its significance in early diapsid evolution". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 278 (1725): 3731–3737. doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.0439. PMC 3203498. PMID 21525061.
- ^ Fischer, V.; Masure, E.; Arkhangelsky, M.S.; Godefroit, P. (2011). "A new Barremian (Early Cretaceous) ichthyosaur from western Russia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (5): 1010–1025. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.595464. hdl:2268/92828. S2CID 86036325.
- ^ Li, Chun; Olivier Rieppel; Xiao-Chun Wu; Li-Jun Zhao; Li-Ting Wang (2011). "A new Triassic marine reptile from southwestern China". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (2): 303–312. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.550368. S2CID 130698779.
- ^ A. Yu. Berezin (2011). "A new plesiosaur of the family Aristonectidae from the early cretaceous of the center of the Russian platform". Paleontological Journal. 45 (6): 648–660. doi:10.1134/S0031030111060037. S2CID 129045087.
- ^ Shang Qing-Hua; Wu Xiao-Chun; Li Chun (2011). "A new eosauropterygian from Middle Triassic of eastern Yunnan Province, southwestern China" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 49 (2): 155–171. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2011.02.002.
- ^ Tamaki Sato; Yen-Nien Cheng; Xiao-Chun Wu; Hsi-Yin Shan (2013). "Diandongosaurus acutidentatus Shang, Wu & Li, 2011 (Diapsida: Sauropterygia) and the relationships of Chinese eosauropterygians". Geological Magazine. 151 (1): 121–133. Bibcode:2014GeoM..151..121S. doi:10.1017/S0016756813000356. S2CID 131666596.
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